Objectives To investigate the migratory pathways of marine animals. To compare and contrast...
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Migrations in the Sea Objectives To investigate the migratory pathways of marine animals. To compare and contrast migratory movements of different marine animals. To reinforce mapping and plotting skills by plotting sample animal movement data. To consider the environmental needs of marine animals and how they are met.
Objectives To investigate the migratory pathways of marine animals. To compare and contrast migratory movements of different marine animals. To reinforce
Objectives To investigate the migratory pathways of marine
animals. To compare and contrast migratory movements of different
marine animals. To reinforce mapping and plotting skills by
plotting sample animal movement data. To consider the environmental
needs of marine animals and how they are met.
Slide 2
Migratory behavior patterns for humpback and gray whales in the
Atlantic and Pacific Oceans 1. a. The location at the start of
their Journeys. b. The differences in activities at winter and
summer sites. c. The general direction of travel. d. The maximum
total distance traveled during the migration. Plot the Data
Slide 3
Slide 4
Slide 5
Using the two maps, compare and contrast the loggerhead turtle
route with the albatross (sea bird) route. Sea Bird Turtle
Slide 6
4. Animals may not stay in one location in the ocean. Food
Oxygen Sea turtles eat invertebrates (animals without backbones)
such as jelly fish, sponges, crabs, mussels, and seaweed. Seabirds,
such as the albatross, eat mostly squid and fish eggs. Baleen
whales (like the Gray and Humpback eat tiny invertebrates such as
krill and zooplankton. Toothed whales and seals tend to eat fish
and squid. Turtles, albatross and whales are air breathing, just
like humans the turtles and whales must surface to get air. Fish
breathe through gills, which are made of a series of membranes that
allow them to extract oxygen from water by diffusion.
Slide 7
Human affect on turtles, seabirds, and marine mammals. Fishing:
Turtles seabirds, and marine mammals can become entangled in
fishing nets and lines, causing them to drown because of all of
these animals are air- breathing. Coastal Development: Human
construction, including lights, beachfront houses, hotels and
furniture, as well as jetties and piers, are detrimental to turtle
nesting. If nesting is ineffective, then populations cannot thrive
or be restored. Sea turtles think lights are the moon and they are
drawn away from the ocean.
Slide 8
Human affect on turtles, seabirds, and marine mammals.
Pollution: Pollution leads to contaminated water and food, and may
reduce populations numbers due to illness. Plastics are a big
problem for many marine animals as the ingest them and then cannot
eat or get the adequate nutrition they need. Whaling/Poaching: In
some regions, whaling is still legal. Se turtle eggs are a delicacy
in some places. Seals are sometimes killed because the compete with
fisherman. Albatross used to be killed for their feathers.
Slide 9
Human affect on turtles, seabirds, and marine mammals.
Conservation: Conservation efforts, such as the Endangered Species
Act, and recovery plans, attempt to reverse some of the negative
impacts on marine animal populations. National Marine Sanctuaries
and other areas work to protect habitats. Fishers are changing
their fishing practices to reduce by-catch. (when animals other
than those sought are caught) Shipping: Whales, particularly slower
ones like the Right whale, are struck by ships and become
injured.
Slide 10
6. Factors Effecting Marine Animal Movements FACTORSEFFECTS ON
MARINE ANIMAL MOVEMENTS QUESTIONS WE HAVE Landforms (above or below
the ocean surface, shorelines) Food (types, location) Temperature
(water, air) Are there landforms under water? Do animals run into
these landforms? Some animals (seabirds, sea turtles, seals sea
lions) need landforms for shelter, or they require sandy beaches or
rocky shores for certain life stages ( egg laying or breeding)
Animals need to follow the food. Every species of living thing can
only survive in certain temperature ranges. Temperature also
affects food availability. What do sea turtles eat? Is there food
every where in the ocean? Do whales get hot and cold? Do sea
mammals have a preference for warm or cold water?
Slide 11
Human affect on turtles, seabirds, and marine mammals. Fishing
Coastal Development Pollution Whaling/Poaching Conservation
Shipping
Slide 12
Coping with environmental factors. How do you think each of
these factors could change over time in the ocean? Which of these
factors do you think change seasonally? Why? LandformsFood
Temperature
Slide 13
Landforms In general, form over very long periods of time, like
millions of years.
Slide 14
Food Changes seasonally, and can also vary in a matter of
days.
Slide 15
Temperature Water temperature changes more slowly than air
temperature, but can change significantly over the course of a
month or so.
Slide 16
Seasonal Factors Water temperature changes with seasons due to
the tilt of the earth on its axis. Food also changes seasonally
because phytoplankton need sunlight and nutrients in order to do
photosynthesis.