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Objectives

• To define the various types of eating disorders.

• To identify possible causes of eating disorders.

• To outline strategies for prevention, treatment and management of eating disorders.

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Agenda

An Overview

Types of Eating Disorders

Treatment

Pre-Test

Post-Test

Activity

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Pre-Test

• Grab your smart phone or a laptop• Go to Kahoot.it

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Eating Disorders

• Are complex illnesses caused by multiple factors

• Affect men and women– more common among women

• Can begin at any age– often originates during

adolescence or early adulthood• Do not always result in

excessive weight loss

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Eating Disorders

• Are a distortion in eating, accompanied by an emotional problem

• Are a symptom of a serious underlying emotional difficulty

• Involve intense emotions, attitudes and behaviors regarding weight and food

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Eating Disorders

• Are not the same as dieting• Can lead to serious physical conditions• May be life threatening

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Eating Disorders

• Are medical conditions which lack a guaranteed treatment method– people with severe disorders may relapse

• Will not go away on their own– professional help should be sought

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People with Eating Disorders

• Tend to have poor body image– do not like what they see in the

mirror• May feel out of control

– compensate for these feelings by severely limiting or increasing calorie consumption

• Often experience low self-esteem– tend to have an inability to

express emotions

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Anorexia Nervosa

• Is the obsession of control over food intake in order to be thin– leads to extreme thinness in a

short period of time• Results in a fixation with one’s

weight• Includes significant fear of

weight gainWellness Wisdom: Someone with Anorexia Nervosa may avoid situations where food is served and may complain about being fat.

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Signs of Anorexia Nervosa

• Include:– extreme thinness– desire for control and perfection– skipping meals – avoiding situations where food is present– obsession with body weight

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Effects of Anorexia Nervosa

• May include:– brittle hair and nails– drop in body temperature– sluggishness and fatigue– lack of menstruation in females– kidney failure– anemia– growth of lanugo all over the body

Lanugo: fine hair which develops to regulate body temperature.

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Bulimia Nervosa

• Is characterized by binging and purging– binging is consuming massive

amounts of food– purging is removing the food or

calories from the body through vomiting, use of laxatives or excessive exercise

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Signs of Bulimia Nervosa

• Include:– consistently eating extremely large amounts

and then using the restroom– obsession with food and body weight– constant desire to exercise, especially after

eating

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Effects of Bulimia Nervosa

• May include:– chronically inflamed and sore

throat caused by vomiting– weak tooth enamel caused by

stomach acid– gastrointestinal problems such

as acid reflux disorder– intestinal irritation caused by

laxative misuse– dehydration– electrolyte imbalance

• can lead to heart attack

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Binge Eating

• Is characterized by regularly over-eating without purging, exercising or fasting

• May include:– eating when one is full or not hungry– eating large amounts of food rapidly

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One Who Battles Binge Eating

• Deals with various emotions through the over-consumption of food

• Is more likely to be overweight or obese• May be embarrassed by excessive food

intake and thus hoard food to eat privately

Wellness Wisdom: Individuals who are obese due to binge eating are at a higher risk of developing high blood pressure and heart disease than someone who is not obese.

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Treatment of Eating Disorders

• Is most effective when professional help is sought early

• Must be specifically tailored to meet the individual patient

• May include medications for anxiety or depression

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Treatment of Eating Disorders

May include a form of psychotherapy or counseling

• Cognitive Behavioral Therapy:helps to identify unhealthy, negative beliefs and behaviors and replace them with healthy, positive ones

• Interpersonal Psychotherapy: addresses difficulties in close relationships, helping to improve communication and problem-solving skills

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Treatment of Eating Disorders

• Dialectical Behavior Therapy: helps to learn behavioral skills to tolerate stress, regulate emotions and improve relationships with others

• Family-Based Treatment:helps family members intervene to stop unhealthy eating behaviors and to help the family deal with problems an eating disorder can have on one’s development and family habits

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Treatment of Eating Disorders

• Requires the expertise of multiple professionals including:– psychologist– dietician– primary care physician

• Will address both the symptoms and causes of the eating disorder

• Should include a nutrition component for the patient

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Post-Test

• Grab your smart phone or a laptop• Go to Kahoot.it

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Form Your Group

• Each person receives a card with a picture on it.

• Find your classmates with the same picture as you to form a group.

Groups:

1. Owl2. Butterfly3. Peacock

4. Bird5. Swan6. Hummingbird

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ACTIVITY

Eating Disorder Awareness PosterDirections:

You are freelance marketing specialist. A company whose mission is to help teenswith eating disorders has hired you to create a poster to be distributed to highschools around the country.

1. Design a poster which appeals to teens and has the following information:– Characteristics and warning signs of eating disorders– Types of eating disorders– Steps to be taken to get help

2. In your groups, decide who will be the artist, writer, and researchers. Write the group member names and tasks on the back of your poster.

3. Attach a bibliography to the back of your poster.

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Resources

Mayo C l in i c . (201 0 , February 23) . Bu l im ia ne rvosa . Re t r i eved f rom h t tp : / /www.mayoc l in i c . com/hea l th /bu l im ia / DS00607 Mayo C l in i c . (2009 , December 19) . Anorex ia nervosa . Re t r i eved f rom h t tp : / /www.mayoc l in i c . com/hea l th /anorex ia /DS00606 Mayo C l in i c . (2010 , Oc tobe r 09) . Binge-ea t ing d isorder . Re t r i eved f rom h t tp : / /www.mayo c l in i c . com/hea l th /b inge -ea t ing -d iso rde r /DS00608 A .D.A .M. , I nc . (2011) . Bu l im ia . Re t r ieved f rom h t tp : / /www.ncb i .n lm.n ih .gov /pubmedhea l th /PMH0001381/ A .D.A .M. , I nc . (2011) . Anorex ia nerv os a . Re t r ieved f r om h t tp : / /www.ncb i .n lm.n ih .gov /pubmedhea l th /PMH0001401/ Na t iona l Ea t ing D iso rders Assoc ia t ion . (2011) . I n fo rmat ion and resources . Re t r i eved f rom h t tp : / /www.na t i ona lea t ingd iso rders .o rg / in fo rmat ion -resources /gene ra l - in fo rmat i on .php

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Acknowledgements

Collaborator

Candice “Nikki” Howell

P.A.-C. Mayo Clinic Transplant Center

Executive ProducerGordon W. Davis, Ph.D.

Production CoordinatorAmanda Jordan

Brand ManagerMegan O’Quinn

Graphic DesignerMelody RowellDaniel Johnson

Technical WriterJessica Odom

V.P. of Brand ManagementClayton Franklin

© MMXIVCEV Multimedia, Ltd.