Slide 2 Objectives: I CAN Analyze the environments and the
interdependence among organisms found in the worlds major biomes.
THE WORLDS MAJOR BIOMES I CAN Identify the biotic and abiotic
elements of the major biomes. Slide 3 Think about it 1) Whats the
difference between a biome and an ecosystem? 2) How would you
define an animal adaptation? Slide 4 Biomes & Adaptations An
ecosystem is the interaction of living (biotic) and non- living
(abiotic) things in an environment. An ecosystem can be large or
small. (Remember the Five Levels of Environmental Organization?) A
biome is a large geographic area defined by characteristic climate
features, plant and animal life. Biomes are generally found in
bands of latitude around the planet. The have similar biotic and
abiotic factors. The organisms living in a particular biome have
adapted to the terrain and weather of that region. An adaptation is
a way an organisms physical features or behavior. Slide 5 Worlds
Major Biomes Slide 6 Tropical Rainforest Located near equator
Covers less than 2% of Earths total surface area, but home to 50%
of Earths plants and animals. Greatest biodiversity: Home to 15
million species of plants and animals Endangered Biome threatened
by mining and logging practices Slide 7 Abiotic Factors Warm temps
and high rainfall allow a lot of plant growth Average temperatures:
Day 34 * C/93 F Night 20 * C/68 F Average yearly rainfall up to 400
cm (157.5 in) Less than 1 cm of topsoil Sunlight is a limiting
factor Little light reaches ground Tropical Rainforest Slide 8
Plants grow in 4 layers: forest floor, understory, canopy, and
emergent layer Trees form a continuous green roof or canopy Canopy
prevents sunlight reaching floor Soil so thin plants have shallow,
wide roots. Some plants have roots above ground for support Most of
nutrients are found in the plants not the soil Tropical Rainforest
Plant Adaptations Examples: bamboo, banana trees, orchids,
insect-eating pitcher plants Slide 9 Many symbiotic relationships
Animals adapt to living on their forest level Poison Arrow Frog
Tree sloths fur covered in algae Tropical Rainforest Animal
Adaptations Behavior Structural (physical) Camouflage Toucans long
beak can snag hard to reach fruit ? ? ? ? Why do animals need
adaptations? Slide 10 Temperate Deciduous Forests Location: Found
in temperate zone (about 48 0 north latitude) Much of the human
population lives in this biome Slide 11 Characterized by an
abundance of deciduous (leaf bearing) trees 4 seasons Leaves change
color and fall off Soils: Deep soil layers, rich in nutrients
Average yearly rainfall: 75 cm to 125 cm (29.5 in. to 49 in.)
Average Temps: Summer 28 * C (82 F) Winter 6 * C (43 F) Temperate
Deciduous Forests Abiotic Factors Slide 12 More diversity in the
deciduous forest vs. the coniferous forest due to increased
sunlight. Trees adapt to varied climate by becoming dormant in
winter White Birch Lady Fern Geulder Rose Temperate Deciduous
Forest Plant Adaptations Deciduous forests grow in layers More
sunlight reaches the ground compared to a rainforest so you will
find more ground dwelling plants. Slide 13 Lose Winter Coat Adapt
to many seasons Eat from different layers of the forest Physical
features Turtle Temperate Deciduous Forest Animal Adaptations Bald
Eagle Fox Slide 14 Coniferous Forest a.k.a. Taiga Location: Found
only in Northern Hemisphere Slide 15 Coniferous Forest Abiotic
factors Average Yearly Rainfall 35 cm to 75 cm (14 in to 29.5 in)
Soil poor in nutrients and very acidic Trees prevent sunlight from
reaching ground Average temperatures: Summer 14 * C / 57 * F Winter
-10 * C / 14 * F Slide 16 Balsam Fir Coniferous (needle-bearing)
trees are abundant produces seeds in cones Roots long to anchor
trees Needles long, thin with waxy coating Low sunlight and poor
soil keeps plants from growing on forest floor Fireweed Coniferous
Forest Plant adaptations Waxy coating helps tree conserve water
protects needles from cold weather stay green all year, do not
loose leaves Slide 17 Moose fur traps air to act as an insulator
Adapt for cold winters Burrow, hibernate, warm coat, insulation,
etc. Some birds migrate south Snowshoe Hares change fur color each
season Bears hibernate underground Animal Adaptations Coniferous
Forest Slide 18 Grasslands Two kinds: Temperate Grasslands and
Savannas Made up of mainly grasses, small flowering plants, and few
trees. Slide 19 Savannas Contains the greatest number of grazing
animals on Earth Location: Found in the tropicsnear equator Amount
of precipitation supports tall grasses but only occasional trees
Slide 20 Savannas Abiotic Factors Two seasons: Wet and dry season
(Fires occur often in dry season) Average yearly rainfall: 150 cm
(59 in.) Average Temperatures: Dry season 34 * C (93 * F) Wet
season 16 * C (61 * F) Slide 21 Whistling Thorn Umbrella Thorn
Acacia Savannas Plant Adaptations Grows in Tufts Resistance to
Drought Many plants have thorns and sharp leaves to protect against
predators. Kangaroos Paws Baobab tree Slide 22 Adapt for short
rainy season migration Limited food leads to vertical feeding
(trees) Live in herds (Zebras striped pattern makes hard for lion
to pick single zebra from group) Camouflage Savannas Animal
Adaptations Slide 23 Temperate Grasslands Prairies and Steppes
ABIOTIC FACTORS Average yearly rainfall: 25 cm to 75 cm (10 in to
29.5 in) Characteristic high Winds Average temperatures: Summer 30
* C (86 * F) Winter 0 * C (32 * F) Slide 24 Sod-forming grasses
that wont dry out or blow away in wind. Fleabane Buffalo Grass
Grasslands (Prairie) Plant Adaptations Slide 25 Many adaptations to
survive extremes Prairie dog front paws can dig easily to hide
underground Prairie Rattlesnake What is its adaptation? Grasslands
(Prairie) Animal Adaptations Bison Broad, flat topped teeth to chew
grasses Some animals nocturnal for protection Slide 26 Desert BIOME
Very hot Very dry Organisms have special adaptations Slide 27
Desert Abiotic factors Less than 10 in/year of rain Little to no
topsoil due to high winds Minerals not deep in soil Too dry for
decay Average Temperatures: Summer 38* C (100* F) Winter 7* C (45*
F) Slide 28 Joshua Tree Desert Plant Adaptations: Spines Cactuses
store water Thick, waxy cuticle Shallow, broad roots near surface
to take up water quickly after rain Barrel Cactus Ocotollio Slide
29 Desert Animal Adaptations: Get water from food Thick outer coat
Burrow underground during day Large ears Nocturnal active at night
Some animals have salt glands to secrete salt without a loss of
water Jackrabbit Thorny Devil drinks water through its skin Slide
30
http://www.runet.edu/~swoodwar/CLASSES/GEOG235/biomes/tundra/tundra.html
Tundra Very cold temperatures and very little rainfall. TWO TYPES:
Polar Tundra (a.k.a. Arctic) Alpine Tundra Polar Tundra is found
near North and South Poles. Alpine Tundra is found at the tops of
tall mountains. Slide 31 Tundra Abiotic Factors Average Yearly
Rainfall 30 cm to 50 cm (12 in to 20 in) Average Temps: Summer 12 *
C (54 * F) Winter -26 * C (-15 * F) Permafrost layer of soil below
surface stays frozen Summer melting - soil becomes very muddy Slide
32 Plant Adaptations Tundra Growing close to the ground helps
resist wind and cold Shallow roots to absorb the limited water
resources Above elevation called tree line (trees cannot grow on a
mountain) cotton grass Slide 33 Migration & hibernation Few
predators Little Competition Small ears reduces heat loss
Insulation, thick coat Arctic fox Tundra Animal Adaptations Polar
Bears can close their nostrils to swim underwater Mountain goat has
rough pads on each toe provides grip ? Slide 34 Putting it together
BIOME PROJECT Total of SIX Biomes Create poster presentations to
illustrate differences among the worlds major biomes. Coniferous
Forest FOR EACH BIOME: Temperate Deciduous Forest Colored
Illustration includes: Alpine or Polar Tundra 2 abiotic & 2
biotic factors Tropical Rain Forest Write 2 interesting facts
Desert Describe 2 organisms adaptations Grasslands: Temperate
Grasslands or Savannas
