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Objective: Know the Proper terms to use
when talking about horses. Be able to recognize some of the
different color patterns of horses.
Roles of Vet Tech in Equine Industry 1) Assist in
Diagnosis/Treatment of: -Respiratory Diseases -Digestive Diseases/Colic Lameness Reproductive Diseases 2) Assist with pre and
post op surgery in the clinic and field
3)Assist with pre-breeding exams (mares and stallion)
4) Coggins 5) Heard Health -vaccines Deworming/pasture
management Sanitation/ventilation Neonate care Nutrition 6)Research …and much more
Horse Terms
Anatomical Terms
terms
Drive horse harnes
Saddles English Western
Ferrier
Mare Female horse Usually after having an offspring.
Brood Mare Mare that is used strictly for
breeding
Stallion Male horse STUD
(Rig- cryptorchid)
Gelding Male horse castrated before
reaching sexual maturity
Colt Young male horse
Filly Young female horse
Foal Young Horse male or female
Jack Male donkey
Jennet (Jenny) Female donkey
Mule Offspring of a mare mated to a
jack
Hinny Offspring of a jenny mated to a
stallion
Zonie Offspring of a jenny mated to
zebra stallion
Zorse Offspring of a stallion zebra mated
to a mare
Hand Unit of measurement for horses A hand is equal to 4 inches. The height of a horse is
measured at the withers.
Light Horses Most horses, usually
riding breeds; small bones and thin legs
Above 14.2 hands 900 – 1200 lbs. AQH, Arabian,
Thoroughbreed, Morgan, Standarbreed,Tennessee walking….
Draft Horses
Was developed in Northern Europe as war horses
Above 16 hands 1,500 – 2,500 lbs Large bones and thick Percheron,
Clydesdale, Belgian
Pony A breed of horse
that is under 14.2 hands.
<800 lb. Welsh, Pony of
Americas, Shetland
Breed registries with color requirements Do not breed true American paint horse, Pinto,
Appaloosa,Palomino, Buckskin…
Horse Colors
Horse Colors Continued
Bay A brown,
chestnut or sorrel horse
Black lower legs mane and tail is bay
Black ‚“points“ May have
white on face and legs
Black
Completely black- muzzle, ears, flanks, main and tail
Appear bluish to violet in direct light
BrownAppearance of a black horse that looks brown Anywhere on the body during the year usually on the muzzle and flanks
Chestnut A brown
horse with a red hue
Sorrel
Brown horse with a dull red hue
The only breed that recognize this color is the AQHA
Gray The skin of
most of the horses is black
Flea bitten or Dapple
Paint A color breed, but is a
foundation of a stock type horse, ie- Thoroughbred, Quarter horse, no 5 gaited horses
Further breaks down into
color patterns
Overo- white does not go over horses back Tobiano- white comes up legs, and over
back
Piebald- black and white Shewbald- anything not black To make it more confusing- you can have a combo of both
Overo and Tobiano
Spotted and Blanket
Palomino
Golden in color with white, silver, or ivory mane and tail
Also a color breed. Quarter Horse
Pinto Similar to a paint,
BUT is all other breeds including 5 gaited horses and Q-horse and Thoroughbred
Color (pinto.org)
A Pinto horse must have four square inches of cumulative white in the qualifying zone and underlying pink skin. The requirement is modified with the size of the equine requiring only three square inches for ponies and two square inches for miniatures. Any Pinto that is registered with an approved outcross breed and has documented color on the outcross papers is eligible for registration.
The equines that do not meet the color requirement, but have at least two or more Pinto characteristics (blue eyes; leg white above the knee or hock; white or multi-colored hooves; collective white in the eligible zones, but not enough to qualify for color; pink skin) are registered Breeding Stock.
www.pinto.org
So- a horse can be a paint and pinto registered but a pinto would not be able to be a paint unless is a Quarter horse or Tbred
Dun Yellow than as the
main body color and the same black lower legs, mane and tail as a baby
Has a dorsal stripe
(washed out bay)
Buckskin Same color as a
Dun but does not have a dorsal stripe
(varation of a light bay)
White Born white,
remains white, pink skin
Roan - Red, Bay, or BlueBlue-Black with white hairs
Most Roans tend to have whitish body with solid color heads
Bay Roan Bay with white hairs
Strawberry or Red Roan Chestnut or Sorrel with white
fur
Brindle horse
Markings The accurate description of coat
color and white markings is the most common method used to identify horses. Although there is some regional or breed variation in the terminology used, the basic terminology is fairly standard.
Page 117 LACP
Markings Full Stocking ¾ Stocking ½ Stocking
Star
A star is any white marking on the forehead of the horse. A star can be small, large, regular or irregular in shape, in the center of the forehead or off to the left or right side of the forehead.
Stripe or Strip
A stripe or strip is a white marking on the bridge of the horse's nose, below the level of the eyes and above the level of the nostrils
Connected Star and Stripe
A star is often connected to a stripe and is described as a connected star and stripe.
A stripe or strip can be long, short, wide, narrow, centered on the face of the horse or off to the left or right side.
Snip A snip is any white
mark that is located between the nostrils of the horse.
A snip may be small, large, centered or extend into one or both nostrils. A snip is often connected to a stripe, and many times with a star and stripe.
Blaze A blaze is a wider
white marking that usually covers the region of a star, stripe and snip, but extends to the width of the bridge of the horse's nose.
Bald A bald face is a
very wide blaze that extends to and may cover the eyes, nostrils, and upper lip
Bald face with white extending to lower lip.
Heel.-Horses will commonly have a white marking that covers one or both heels.
Coronet.- White covering the coronary band or coronet
Half Pastern White extending approximately half way up the pastern
Pastern A white marking which includes the entire pastern.
Fetlock or Ankle A white marking that extends to and covers the fetlock.
Sock A white marking that extends half way up the front or rear cannon. Often called a Half Stocking
Stocking A white marking that extends from the coronet to the knee or hock
Identification
-Natural Markings -often difficult, a lot of horses look similar, scars
-BrandingHot- skin is burnt and hair doesn’t grow backFreeze- dry ice, or liquid nitrogen. Hair Grown back white. Often considered the more humane of the two
-MicrochipGoes in nuchal ligament. Need correct scanner to find chip
-Tattoo- - Lip or neckRace horses, Mustangs, Arabians, EIA
-Bloodtyping $-DNA testing $
Resources http://www.equusite.com/cgi-bin/di
ctionary/dictionary.cgi