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Object pronouns
Direct object pronounsIndirect object pronouns
Parts of a sentence
• Subject:– Who or what is doing the action (this is who you
conjugate for)• Verb:– The action
• Object:– Who or what is receiving the action.
Subjects are often replaced by pronouns (subject pronouns)
• Ex:Alex and I drive a car to school.Who/what is “driving a car to school”?
Alex and I= weWe is the subject pronoun that would replace
the subject “Alex and I”We drive a car to school.
The subject pronouns that replace the subjects are:
yo nosotros(as)
tú vosotros(as)
élella
usted
ellos(as)ustedes
=
I we
you(informal)
you guys(Spain)
he/sheyou(formal)
theyyou guys
Objects are also often replaced by pronouns (object pronouns)
• Ex:Alex and I drive a car to school.Who/what is being “driven”?
“a car”= it“it” is the object pronoun that would replace the
object “a car”Alex and I drive it to school.
The object pronouns that replace the objects are:
me nos
te os
lo,la(le)
los, las(les)
=
me(to me/for
me)
us(to us/for us)
you(informal)(to you/for
you)
You guys(Spain)
(to you guys/for you guys)
he/sheyou(formal)
(To him/herFor him/her
To you(formal)For you (formal))
theyyou guys
(to them, for them, to you guys, for you
guys)
Before using an object pronoun you must:
Identify the object(s)• Ask yourself two questions(BOTH):1. Who/What is being ___(verb)____ed?
(who/what is receiving the action?) 2. To who/For who is the __(answer to #1)__
being ____(verb)____ed?
* Number 1 tells you the direct object and number 2 tells you the indirect object.
If: *If your answer to question #2 is “no one ” then your
choice of pronouns become limited to and now you just
decide which box represents your answer to question #1 (the direct object).
however
If you choose either of these boxes also ask yourselfif it represents something masc. or fem.
me noste os
lo,la los, las
(lo/los = masculine, la/las = feminine)
Ex:
Alex and I drive a car to school1. Who or what is being __driven__?
-“a car”
2. To who/For who is the _car_ being __driven__?-no one
The box that represents “a car” would be
Is “car” masculine or feminine?Car=carro=masculine= lo
If:
• If you DID get an answer for question #2 then you have to find a pronoun for the answer to question #1 (direct object) FIRST and then another one for the answer to # 2 (indirect object)
Ex:I always buy flowers for my mom.1. Who or what is being __bought__?
-“flowers”
2. To who/For who are the _flowers_ being __bought__?
- “my mom”Step 1: The box that represents “flowers” would be
Is “flowers” masculine or feminine?Flower=flor=feminine= las
Step 2: The box that represents “my mom” would be “for her”
= le
After you identify the object(s) and have chosen pronoun(s) to replace them you can put them in a sentence.
* The answer to question #1 (the direct object) goes DIRECTLY BEFORE THE CONJUGATED VERB.
*The answer to question #2 (if you have one)(the indirect object) will then go DIRECTLY BEFORE THE DIRECT OBJECT PRONOUN:
……… #2 #1 conjugated verb…….
• If you have an infinitive somewhere in your sentence you can also attach both pronouns to the infinitive and the order is different. It would be :
………… infinitive#2 #1………… (attached)• If you have an –ing word (-ando/-iendo in Spanish) somewhere
in your sentence you can also attach both pronouns to the –ing word and the order is different. It would be:
………… -ando/-iendo #2 #1………… (attached)
Ex:• Alex and I drive a car to school
1. Car= lo2. No one= Alex y yo siempre lo manejamos a la escuela.
answer to #1 conjugated verb
• I always buy flowers for my mom.1. Flowers = las2. My mom = le=Yo siempre *le las compro. = Yo siempre se las compro.
answer to #2 answer to #1 conjugated verb
Important notes:* “le & les” will ONLY be used if you get an answer to #2, the rest
of the pronouns can be used for both #1 and #2
*if your sentence has any of these combinations the “le/les” changes to “se”– le lo = se lo– le la = se la– le los =se los– le las = se las– les lo =se lo– les la = se la– les los = se los– les las = se las
Important notes cont.
• You can choose not to use a pronoun to replace the answer to #1 and just leave it as it is: Yo siempre le compro flores.
• You can also choose not to use a pronoun to replace the answer to #2 and just leave it as it is: Yo siempre las compro para mi mamá.
If you see :Para miPara tiPara él (or a name)Para ella (or a name)Para Ud. Para nosotros(as)Para ellos(as) (or names)Para Uds.
A miA tiA él (or a name)A ella (or a name)A Ud. A nosotros(as)A ellos(as) (or names)A Uds.
or
Then you know you will have an answer to #2 and that you will choose me, te, le, nos, os, or les as your pronoun
The following verbs are commonly used with an indirect object: (you will probably have an answer to question
#2 and will use either me, te, le, nos, os, or les to replace it)
• Decir- to say/tell• Mandar- to send/to command• Traer- to bring• Enviar- to send• Llevar-to take/to carry• Tirar- to throw• Dar- to give• Responder- to respond• Leer- to read• Hacer- to do/to make• Comprar- to buy• Regalar- to give (as a gift)• Abrir- to open• Cerrar- to close• Pedir – to ask for/request• Preguntar- to ask (a question)