OB: naming simple monoatomic ionic compounds

You must have your own reference tables open to the

periodic table now. No calculators needed.

One big chunk of NaCl

Sodium chloride

Ionic compounds form when positive cations (metals) come together with negative anions (non-metals) and are wildly attracted due to opposite charge.

Cations form when metals transfer electrons to nonmetals, which simultaneously form negative anions.

Opposites attract, it’s like love!!!

There is ALWAYS a perfect transfer of electrons, and if not, nothing happens.

It’s either perfect, or nothing.

You already know this: see….

NaCl is called sodium chloride, not

Chlorine sodiumide, or sodium chlorine, or anything else silly.

There are 2 rules, the first name rule, and the second name rule to naming simple ionic compounds…

1st name rule: name the cation (metal) first, use the atom name

2nd name rule: name the anion second, change the ending to –ide.

Let’s go through all the second names now:

F, Cl, Br, I, O, S, (Se), N, P, and (As)

The ones in the (parenthesis are rare, especially in this class)

F, Cl, Br, I, O, S, (Se), N, P, and (As)

(fluoride, chloride, bromide, iodide, oxide, sulfide, selenide, nitride, phosphide, + arsenide)

Name these compounds:

LiBr CaO BeS MgO CsF SrS AlP

LiBr lithium bromide

CaO calcium oxide

BeS beryllium sulfide

MgO magnesium oxide

CsF cesium fluoride

SrS strontium sulfide

AlP aluminum phosphide

What happens if we combine something like calcium and chlorine?

Ca+2 ion forms when calcium atoms lose 2 electrons

Combine it with a

Chloride ion, which forms when a chlorine atom gains 1 electron.

2 electrons transfer from calcium do not match up to 1 electron gain by chlorine??

What’s up with this?

Ca+2 + Cl-1 cannot be a 1:1 ratio

The Ca+2 must transfer 2 electrons to two different chlorines, forming 2 chloride anions.

Calcium chloride is therefore: CaCl2

Cation AnionFormula of compound

Name of compound

Na+1 P-3

Ca+2 S-2

Al+3 P-3

Mg+2 Br-1

Al+3 O-2

Cation AnionFormula of compound

Name of compound

Na+1 P-3 Na3P Sodium phosphide

Ca+2 S-2 CaS Calcium sulfide

Al+3 P-3 AlP Aluminum phosphide

Mg+2 Br-1 MgBr2 Magnesium bromide

Li+1 O-2 Li2O Lithium oxide

Cation AnionFormula of compound

Name of compound

Be+2 F-1

Sr+2 Cl-1

Ba+2 N-3

K+1 I-1

Al+3 O-2

Cation AnionFormula of compound

Name of compound

Be+2 F-1 BeF2 Beryllium fluoride

Sr+2 Cl-1 SrCl2 Strontium chloride

Ba+2 N-3 Ba3N2 Barium nitride

K+1 I-1 KI Potasisum iodide

Al+3 O-2 Al2O3 Aluminum oxide

Criss Cross Method of nonthinking, but getting it right (if you think about it)

Al+3 O-2

LiCl

CsF

BeO

MgS

MgF2

Ca3P2

Li3P

Na3N

Al2O3

LiCl

CsF

BeO

MgS

MgF2

Ca3P2

Li3P

Na3N

Al2O3

Lithium chloride

Cesium fluoride

Beryllium oxide

Magnesium sulfide

Magnesium fluoride

Calcium phosphide

Lithium phosphide

Sodium nitride

Aluminum oxide Harpo Marx

The compounds formed when ions bond together are called

Ionic Compounds

They have very strong bonds holding them together, so, they have high melting points, and higher boiling points.

Ionic compounds only form when metals can transfer electrons directly to nonmetals, “perfectly”.

No loose electrons, no IOU electrons ever.

Tonight:

Review Lab #1 due Friday

Naming Compounds HW#2 due Friday