ô ¶ U C THE INSTITUTE OF ELECTRONICS, …matsui/server/research/2017/LoRa2.pdf · þ o ? Ø c è ô ¶ q the institute of electronics, information and communication engineers ô

THE INSTITUTE OF ELECTRONICS,INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERS

TECHNICAL REPORT OF IEICE.

LoRa

1050123

E-mail: [email protected]

LoRa3

Jpeg 30

3 1/2 1/3Jpeg 1

LoRa

Performance Evaluation of a wireless multi-hop network using LoRaSusumu MSTSUI

Faculty of Information Sceience, Osaka Institute of TechnologyKiayama 1791, Hirakata-shi, Osaka, 1050123 Japan

E-mail: [email protected]

Abstract We are studying to disclose a information on whether Mifune fall in Kawakami village, Nara prefectureis frozen or not on the internet. Since the waterfall is in the mountains outside the mobile phone area, we builda wireless network from the waterfall to the mobile phone area with LoRa. In preliminary experiments, it turnedout that it was necessary to transmit about 3 hops to transmit data from the waterfall to the mobile phone area,so we have developed a broadcast-based multi-hop routing method. As a result of the throughput analysis basedon the proposed method, we have clarified that JPEG image for judging whether it is frozen can be transmitted inabout 30 minutes. This time we implemented the routing program based on development method, and measuredthe throughput. s a result of the performance evaluation, it was confirmed that throughput of about 1/2 to 1/3 ofthe transmission rate can be achieved in 3 hop environment. As a result, we got a prospect that performance nearlyequivalent to the throughput analysis can be achieved.Key words LoRa, Wireless Muiti-hop Network, Monitoring, Performance Evaluation, Mifune-fall

1.

[1] 1,500[2]

50m

2km

LPWA Low Power Wide Area network [3]LoRa [4] LPWA

10km[5]

1

LoRaLoRa 3

[6] 31/3

2.

2. 11

2km 300m

1

2. 2 LoRaLoRa

PC LoRa

2 LoRaEASEL ES920LR [7]

2 1

BA

C B A250m 30m B C 2km

300m3 C

B B

3 LoRa

A BB C RSSI

-130dBm -140dBm3 D

A CA,B,C B AC LoRaWAN

DB-C D

LoRaWAN [4] LoRa

LoRa

3. LoRa

LoRa IP IETFOLSR [8]

1 BM & W

2

B C

Geocast [9]

[6]

(1) 3 AC

(2)(3)

B-CB-D D-C

(4) LoRa MAC

(1)A

B(2) A

C

(3)

2

(4)

Ta

Tb

D

T h

T h = DD + T a + T b (1)

4

4

n

D (n 1) n

T a(n) = D + D (n 1) = D n (2)

n

n

D (n 1) + D = D n

T b(n) =i=n1

i=1

(D n) = D n(n 1)2 (3)

n

T h(n)

T h(n) = DD + T a(n) + T b(n) =

2n2 + n + 2 (4)

N

3

T h(N) N=n+2

T h(N) = 2N2 3N + 4 (5)

NOLSR

5-2

5

16 4

6

6

4.

4. 1

7Lora 2

LinuxPC 4 PCLoRa

7

PC LoRa PC LoRa

8

8

LoRa 1050 "CR"+"LF"

"CR"+"LF"

2

4

10 M=10 1 2

Ack

LoRa MAC

4. 2

1

1

500kHz12

46 50 )

725msec50

3

LoRa[10] 500kHz

12 50 698msec

4

4. 2. 1 22

1

511kbps ES920LR [11]500kHz 12 1,172bps

%

4. 2. 2(4)

1 310

2511kbps (%)

2 3

( (4) ) (%)2 2.7 2.53 3.4 3.34 4.5 4.55 6.3 6.16 9.1 9.07 14.3 14.38 25.0 25.29 50.0 52.1

24. 2. 3

4 2 34 3

33 1

3

23 1

3

33 9

511kbps%

3

%) (%)0 51.210 46.020 43.130 38.240 36.650 34.260 32.570 29.580 28.290 27.0100 25.2

9

4. 2. 4

TDMA

5.

5. 1

LoRa

Ack

5

5. 23

3 A D AC B

25% 511kbps129bps

1011 JPEG

10 11 JPEG47kB 42kB 50kB129bps 1 52

1 JPEG

10 2 11 2

6.

2kmLoRa

LoRa

25% JPEG1

2

[1] , http://www.vill.kawakami.nara.jp/[2] http://www.vill.kawakami.nara.jp/kanko/docs/

2017022500119/.[3] 29 LPWA) ,

http://www.soumu.go.jp/johotsusintokei/whitepaper/ja/h29/html/nc133220.html[4] LoRa Alliance,

https://www.lora-alliance.org/[5] A. Jiazi Yi, T. Clausen, W. Maek Townsley, A

Study of LoRa: Long Range & Low Power Networksfor the Internet of Things , Sensors 2016, 16, 1466,www.mdpi.com/journal/sensors

[6] LoRaASN2017-62 pp.1-6, 2017 11

[7] ES920LR, http://easel5.com/productinfo/lora_module.html[8] T. Clausen and P. Jacquet: Optimized link state routing

protocol (OLSR), ETF RFC 3626, https://tools.ietf.org/pdf/rfc3626.pdf,2003.

[9] T. Osafune, L. Lin, and M. Lenardi: Multi-hop vehicularbroadcast (MHVB), ITS Telecommunications Proceedings,pp.757-760, 2006.

[10] EASEL, ES920LRVersion 1.02

[11] EASEL, ES920LRVersion 1.02

6

All Rights Reserved, Copyright 2018 Osaka Institute of Technology

LoRa

Ubiquitous Network System Lab.

2018/2/28

[email protected]

2 All Rights Reserved, Copyright 2018 Osaka Institute of Technology

l 1,500


2km


l 50m


2km

4 All Rights Reserved, Copyright 2018 Osaka Institute of TechnologyUbiquitous Network System Lab.

2km

l

l

l 2km2km

300m


LoRal 2017 9 9 LoRa bw:125kHz sf:12)


A

2km

B

C

250m

D

l 2

l A -B RSSI: -80dBm

l B -C RSSI: -128 -140dBm88

l D

l LoRa

0

5

10

15

20

-141 -140 -139 -138 -137 -136 -135 -134 -133 -132 -131 -130 -129 -128 -127

RSSI

RSSI dBmLoRa *

*) BW&W LoRa EASEL ES920LR


LoRal OLSR

1. LoRa IP2. Hello

a. LoRab.


Geocast *

*) T. Osafune, L. lin, M. Lenardi, Multi-hop vehicular broadcast (MHVB), ITS Telecommunication Proceedings, pp.757-760, 2006

)


l1.

A C2.3.4. LoRa MAC


2 3 4 51


LoRa1.2.3.

4. Is


Ta

Tb

D

l Ta

l Tb:

l Th

!" = $% + $'Is

$( =)

) + $% + $'


LoRa1.2.3.

4.


(1) (2) (N)

I

D

(3)

10 All Rights Reserved, Copyright 2018 Osaka Institute of TechnologyUbiquitous Network System Lab.

(1) (N-2) (N)

D

(N-1)

Ta

l (N)

l Ta

T" 1 = %

(1) (N-2) (N)

D

(N-1)

TaD

l (N)D

l Ta

T" 2 = 2%

' 1 = 0

' 2 = %

l n

l Ta n

' ) = ) 1 %

+" ) = )%


l

= Ta+ Tb


(1) (N)

D

(N-1)(N-2)(N-n)

Tb

l nn

l i(i-1)D

(i-1)D+D = iD

!" # = %&'(

)*(+, = ,# # 12

!1 # =,

, + !3 + !"= 2#4 + # + 2


l NN-1 n=N-2

T" # =2

#& 3# + 4

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 90

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

1

1/

l

1/

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 90

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

1

1/

1

l1/

l


l


1 K L M

F1 F2 DATA+CR+LFLoRa Board Header

DATA+CR+LFLoRa Board Header

10 byte 50 byte

4 bit 4 bit 4 bit 4 bit

l


1.

511bps

2.

511kbps %


1 M 10

500kHz

12

4650

725msec

50

2 9 2.7 2.5

3 8 3.4 3.3

4 7 4.5 4.5

5 6 6.3 6.1

6 5 9.1 9.0

7 4 14.3 25.2

8 3 25.0 25.2

9 2 50.0 52.1


3. 1

0% 100%

3


1 2 43

%

0 51.2

10 46.0

20 43.1

30 38.2

40 36.6

50 34.2

%

60 32.5

70 29.5

80 28.2

90 27.0

100 25.2

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

0 20 40 60 80 100


l B

4 25%

l JPEG 240 x 320 50kB

l 500kHz 12511bps

l 1 JPEG


A

2km

B

C

250m

D

JPEG 52


l2km LoRa

l LoRa

l JPEG1

l


Documents

ô ¶ U C THE INSTITUTE OF ELECTRONICS, …matsui/server/research/2017/LoRa2.pdf · þ o ? Ø c è ô ¶ q the institute of electronics, information and communication engineers ô