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Restorative GreenOutdoor Environments atHospitalShureen Faris Abdul Shukor & Noorizan Mohamed

Jury ReviewSapura Mohamad & Norhalizah Hanifah

The Life-link DatumShureen Faris Abdul Shukor, Noorizan Mohamed& Mohd Vazid Mohd Vunos

Athermic AmbienceNoorizan Mohamed, Shureen Faris Abdul Shukor& Mohd Vazid Mohd Vunos

Kandinsky Restorative AmbienceMohd Vazid Mohd Vunos, Nor Atiah Ismail,Shureen Fais Abdul Shukor & Noorizan Mohamed

Soul with Nature .Nor Atiah Ismail, Mohd Vazid Mohd Vunos, Shureen Fans Abd Shukor,Noorizan Mohamed & Mohd Kher Hussien

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Res!orative Green OutdoorEnvironments at HospitalShureen Faris Abdul Shukor & Noorizan Mohamed

INTRODUCTION

Today, designers and especially landscape architectsattempt to design outdoor hospital environments bytaking Into consideration the fact that one heals moqutcklv in a supportive atmosphere, environments th~~ameliorate stress and provides opportunities for positiveescape frorr: clinical settings (Ulrich et cl.. 2004), ThereISa substantial research evidence which indicates thathaving a view of or being in nature or green outdoorenVIronments has a positive influence on the physicaland mental wellbeing of users where patients canhave a relaxing influence and reduce stress levels (e gHendrich et cl. 2008; Mroczek et ol.. 2005; Nilsson et ~I::2011), In a curre~t study by Faris et cl. (2012) indicatesthat a hospital with outdoor environment surrounded bygreenery were the most preferred by the users,

M~ny different theories are used, and together theybuild up the theoretical framework that we todayrely upo~' The Prospect-Refuge Theory (Appleton1975) claims that positive feelings are gained trornadaptive functions of preferences regarding certainlandscape characteristics, The studies which deal withthe restorative, health-related effects and the hbenefits derived from contact with nature conslsrentlvrefer to the Biophilia hyphothesis (Wilson, 1984) whichsuggests that humans tend to respond positively tonature, The Psycho-Evolutionary Theory (Ulrich et ol.1991) cl~lms that emotional responses are instant andunconsciously triggered and have a major influenceon attention and behavior (ibid), Attention RestorationTheory (ART) (Kaplan, 1995) characterizes psychologicalcomponents that support a restorative environmentwhich may help people to recover from depleteddirected attention capacity,

Project brief / client requirement

The project is located at Serdang Hospital. The hospital isa go~er~ment-funded multi-specialty hospital located inth~ dlstrl~t of Sepang in the state of Selangor, MalaysiaThis hospital IS located near Putrajaya, the MalaYSia~federal government administrative centre, The locationof the hospital borders the South Klang Valley Expressway(SKVE) to the, east and the medical faculty of UniversitiPutra Malaysia to the west, Serdang Hospital, which

Athermic Ambienceby Mona Lizza Mohd Kassim

The student, Mona Liza Kassim used the concept" AthermicAmbience" stresses on providing low heat environment,cooling and harmonious to senses, therapy and healingstrategy, as well as being close to nature, The designmaximizes the usage of forest species vegetation forsoftscape while enhancing the hardscape pattern andform that mimic natural element such as the Malva nut,

commenced operation on December 15, 2005, was builtwith the purpose of serving the roughly 570,000 populationof Serdang, Putrolcvo. Kajang and Bangi. It has a total areaof 129,000 sq~ar~ m~tres and has 620 beds, Other uniquefeatures of this hospital Include rooftop garden totaling 5acres, The hospital is surrounded by a park measuring 45acres (180,000 m2),

BACKGROUNDThe designer's idea ispromoting revitalisation of the HospitalSerdang towards restorative environment approach, Theinfinite experience of Kardinsky philosophy is captured ina landscape design for the Serdang Hospital. With theinspiration from the Kardinsky philosphy, the designer wasable to enhance experience of restorative environmentat the Serdang Hospital. As a whole, the scheme isevidently signifies the impression of 'restorative throughKardisnky experience' as intended, However the designcan be enhanced by in-depth exploration of plantingand sculptural design,

Kandisky Restorative Ambienceby Nur Afikah Idrus

The course o,bjective is firstly to solve design problems atsmall-scale sites through the application of the properdesign process, Another objective of the course is to trainstudents to present their design ideas professionally, Thecourse, covers ,medium-scaled landscape projects withthe main focus ISto solve complex site planning problemsfocusing at institution areas, public parks or resorts,

A site visit wa~ carried out at the Serdang Hospital wherethe students vlslted the site and also did interview with staffand users of the hospital concerning the green outdoorenVlro~ment there, After the site visit, inventory andcnotvsts plans were produced as a group effort, This waslater followed by the synthesis plan, idea and conceptualpla,nwhere the students were required to produce theseIndividually, Lastly, a Master Plan was proposed and laterplans for selected detail area was also presented,

DESIGN SOLUTION

Soul with Natureby Leng Li Thing

Ling LiThing intends to transform outdoor spaces as healinglandscape in Serdang Hospital. Her idea conceptualizedthe hospital communities to work and recuperate in greenand natural ambience, The design concept; 'Soul ofNature' incorporating tropical shady trees palms, shrubsand ground covers as green connectors for the designedspaces, LiThing also looked at the negative spaces amongthe structural building as functional spaces and creativelyturned these areas as Mini Gardens, Fans Garden, LeisureGarden, Wetland Garden and Sculpture Garden,

Four artefacts were selected as case studies under thistopic,

The Life-link Datumby Iskandar AI Khalifah bin, Mohd Rozali

DISCUSSION / FUTURESTUDYThe student, Iskandar AI Khalifah bin, Mohd Razali used thconcept called 'Rejuvenating, Healing and ReCovery~The design focus of the project lies in the idea whethe whole plan~ing of the outdoor environment we;:Interc,onnecte~ In the similarity of the design elements increating unlt~ In the design, The student was very boldIn proposing == to create an outdoor environment torepresent the Image of an urban hospital.

As a whole, the students have shown the ability to designand present their ideas for a restorative green outdoorenvironment for a hospital, They managed to grasp theunderstanding of how a well-designed green outdoorenvironment with bold concept and themes couldprovide restorative environments to reduce the stress ofhospital users, The design of multiple uses of spaces such aspublic areas, semi private and private areas offer choicesfor the users in selecting types of areas they want to bein, However, plants selections prove to be the weakness

here as the selection in having plants with that could behazardous to patients with respiratory problems or tressthat could attract insects and ants, The understandingof related theories should be fully understood in order tounderstand the users and thus produced designs whichare practical and usable, The total idea of restorative orhealing green outdoor environments should be applied inthe selection of the softscape and also the use of materialsthroughout the project,

References

Appleton, J, (1975), The Experience of Landscape, Wiley:New York,

Faris, S,A,S" Stigsdotter, U,K" Lottrup, L,P" Nilsson, K, (2012),Employees' use, preferences, and restorative benefits ofgreen outdoor environments at hospitals. InternationalJournal on Sustainable Tropical Design Research andPractice, Vol. 5 (2), 77-92

Hendrich, A., Chow, M,P" Bafna S,' Choudhary, R" Heo,Y" Skierczynski B,A. (2008), Unit related factors that affectnursing time with patients: spatial analysis of the timeand motion study, Health Environments Research DesignJournal, 2 (2), pp 40-60,

Kaplan, S, (1995), The restorative benefits of nature: Towardan integrative framework, Journal of EnvironmentalPsychology, 15(3), 169-182,

Mroczek, J" Mikitarian, G" Vieira, EX, and Rotarius,T, (2005), Hospital design and staff perceptions: Anexploratory analysis, The Health Care Manager, 24 (3), pp,233-244,

Nilsson, K" Sangster, M" Gallis, C" Hartig, T" de Vires, S,'Seeland, K, & Schipperijn, J, (Eds,) 2011, Forests, Trees andHuman Health, Dordrecht: Springer,

Ulrich, R, S, (1991), Effects of health facility interior designon wellness: Theory and recent scientific research, Journalof Healthcare Design, 3, 97-109

Ulrich R,S" Zimring C" Quan X" Joseph A" & Choudhary R,(2004), The role of the physical environment in the hospitalof the 21st century: A once-in-a-lifetime opportunity,Concord, The Center for Health Design:CA, 21-23,

Wilson, E,O, (1984), Biophilia, Cambridge: HarvardUniversity Press,

Jury ReviewSapura Mohamad

CONFIG RATION6ETWEREFORTRANS

An impressive design sketches which are advantageous as an eye-catcher, which strengthen a mediocre proposal. Array of good graphiccreates these art pieces and recommended for display and exhibition toa wider audience.

Norhalizoh Hanifah

A big' applause to the students for their wonderful graphic drawings andsketches. The proposed design follows through design process, and onecan easily understand it's design idea and justification. Issues/problemsraised are detailed out and resolved thus provide the best proposalpossible solutions to achieve the desired design goals and concept. Themaster plan has sufficient details to explain and convey clearly the designintent. The final question to one of the actual problems of the existing sitewhich is 'insufficient parking' isyet to be considered and resolved.

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INTERPRETINGFROMSYNCRETIC

REVEAUNGSIGNIFY

The Life-Link DatumShureen Faris Abdul Shukor, Noorizan Mohamed & Mohd Vazid Mohd Vunos

The project was to design the outdoor environments with restorativequality at the Serdang Hospital, The main thrusts behind the Life-Link Datumconcept is 'Rejuvenating, Healing and Recovery', The planting conceptinvolves creating green avenues which include the paths and walkways,Fragrant plants with vibrant colours could provide stimulations wereproposed for the site, The intention is to highlight the image of SerdangHospital as an urban and modern hospital while at the same time fulfilsthe needs of the users, The strength of the project lies in the idea wherethe whole planning of the outdoor environment were interconnected andcreates unity in the design, Each level was given different considerationsand provides different gardens with healing and restorative qualities,The design proposal could improve further by putting more attention toappropriate plants selection, Due diligence and care required to avoid areplants and flowers containing spores which are easily blown away, riskingpatients with breathing difficulties, Additionally, plants which easily attractinsects and ants, The blow up plan could be more detailed to show thehardscape and material used whislt explaining how the outdoor spacesfunction,

• Iskandar AI Khalifah bin Mohd Razali---

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Athermic AmbienceNoorizan Mohamed, Shureen Faris Abdul Shukor & Mohd Vazid Mohd Vunos

The design of forest recreational park in the hospital environmentis transpired by the lack of green spaces surrounding themajority of hospitals in the nation, and Hospital Serdang is noexception. Greeneries are proven to have therapeutic effectsand magical power in healing to human beings besides helpingto provide thermal comfort to users. The concept "AthermicAmbience"stresses on providing low heat environment, coolingand harmonious to senses, therapy and healing strategy aswell as being close to nature. The design maximizes the usageof forest species vegetation for softscape while enhancing thehardscape pattern and form that mimic natural element suchas the Malva nut. Despite such thoughtful ideas, the designcould improve with more understanding of forest biodiversityfor justifying the selection of appropriate plants used. An in-depth study on the characteristics and requirements of forestspecies for design selection would be definitely useful.

dEsign"ATI-IER

onceptC AM6IANCE'1

ENVIR~MENTJ.4ARMONY IN SENSES

NATUREAND J.4EAUNGCONCEPTS

-'tiOif'~Kr",,",,-Jf""·r1I"1~_1 TO Fi!EMOVE HEAT FFi!OM THE LUNG, TO CUFi!E5OFi!E THFi!OAT, TO COUNTEFi!ACT TO><IClTY,AND TO MOISTEN THE BOWELS. SPECIFICSYMPTOMS TFi!EATED INCLUDE: HOAFi!SENESSOf' VOICE, DFi!Y COUGH OF'! PFi!OOUCTlvECOUGH WITH YELLOW STICKY SPUTUM, SOFi!E,DFi!Y TI-4Fi!OAT DUE TO HEAT IN THE LUNG ANDCONSTlPATlON UJlTI-4HEADACHE ANDL.. _.................~I BLOODSHOT EYES.

145

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• Monalizza Binti Mohd Kassim .

Kandinsky Restorative AmbienceMohd Vazid Mohd Vunos, Nor Atiah Ismail, Shureen Fais Abdul Shukor & Noorizan Mohamed

• Nur Afikah Idrus

The designer's idea is promoting revitalisationof the Hospital Serdang using restorativeapproach, In general, Nur Afikah has excellentlydetermined issues in existing Hospital Serdangbefore suggesting the concept of restorativehospital. The infinite experience of Kandinskypainting philosophy is captured in a restorativedesign for the Hospital Serdang, The form of thestructure and pattern symbolise the energeticcomposition of Kandisnky's philosophy, Withthe new inspiration and explanation from theKandinsky philosphy, the designer enhancesthe experience of restorative environmentin the Hospital Serdang, The incorporationof structures, sculptural, water features andplanting are well harmonised with each other,Articulated elements of the form and structureare visible to passerby and thus her designencourages further exploration, In addition, thedesigner has created an undulation of scalesresulting in rhythmic, repetitive and harmonythat disperse the whole design throughinteractive linkages and planting design, Takenas a whole, the scheme evidently signifies theimpression of 'restoration through Kandisnkyexperience', The design can be furtherenhanced through thoroughly exploration ofplanting and sculptural design,

CONCEPTUAL PLAN.......... 11)'''"''11.1>' )AU

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PLANTING CONCEPTr= e~

.~ .... ,,_...,""r "~).-;;,~~" -c, ,,",\.<~}.c-

. (,..,~~~-j ••By Zoning :Zone A : Round mope. ,hody treeZone B : Vertical oarden. cllmben.Zone C : Columnar. hedgesZone 0: Buffer, edible pklnt:Zone E : Buffer. canopy

PLANTING PALA TIE

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HARDSCAPE CONCEPT~Urban character- Simple- Functional,_-r_ fountain I

Soul with Nature

9. Washroom . .10. Sky Bridge and bUlldmg11. Bicycle Rental12. Wheelchair f-Q,ClI/lI"',.....

13. Fishing pond14. Min; Hill and river15. Picnic and kite zone16. Wishing tree17. Gazebo

SCALE 1:200

Fans Garden, Leisure Garden, Wetland Garden andSculpture Garden, Various types of gardens arecreated surrounding the hospital area for changing thehospital's sorrow setting into a vibrant and promisinghealing environment for its users, Nevertheless, LiThing who is an expressionist student could do betterby enhancing 'space identity' for each garden shecreated, More details showing the characteristics ofhealing components in her design could support herexciting landscape design,

Nor Atiah Ismail, Mohd Vazid Mohd Vunos, Shureen Faris Abd Shukor, Noorizan Mohamed & Mohd Kher Hussien

Ling Li Thing intends to transform outdoor spacesas healing landscape in Serdang Hospital. Her ideaconceptualized the hospital communities to workand recuperate in green and natural ambience,The design concept, 'Soul of Nature', incorporatestropical shady trees palms, shrubs and groundcovers as green connectors for the designedspaces, Li Thing also looked at the negative spacesamong the structural building as functional spacesand creatively turned these areas as Mini Gardens,

Hospital Park1.Entrance2 Watel' Features

.'" 3~'ptllre Garden~. B/zycle.Zone5. Playground~. Level Seating7.Warch 'Tower8. Cafeteria

VEGBTATIONSSh.diD8 rsn Tree"rJ~'utllt'a erborercees (Hop Tree)(-,Ie-i:stamhlJS. semauanes (1-Ir..'1t"roVhulltn.)Pacbira in:»gni:s(Wi.ld Cbesmcu

Palms TreeR0Y"o""" cleracea (RO)'aIPalm)Lasania loataroid es (Red lalan Palm)

Medium Tree __'Ficus. beujamina (Weepmg I-Ig)'Ierminnliu mamely (Umbrella tree)Caloph"Uum soalanri (Malang-malang)Ilolanoci11pUS helmii (Cheogal)

S'g:~diuro Jiodc:oli (ADger. wing)hOOD jnvanica (JaY,,)

FI~:CWnii1kocktaca (Kock's 8auh.ioia)Ange-JollLa W'lgtJ5titoJia (Angel F10'W"cr)Crotalaria rerusa (Sbat -shilk)

~i~~';:n COm05l1m (Spider P'lilnt)A.1000PUS COmprCSSUlo (Pearl Grass)

149

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SCALE 1:1250

HOSPITAL PARKFoelllel ...7.~1t'"""•. Sky Brldfc (North Wnt),9.Nultihlild ""lu.,

LEGEND 10. /*-1I"uII W.ur,u.._nr

w,d," 12, $pelt F«lIItl,sI.&or,,,ne. w'tMn 13. Sky Brld~ (North)2, Afl,,;wnle" '4, Swim"';"Il~ .3. F",.. W,tM" 15, Sky B!,Id~ (€QstJ4. Wetl,,1Id w,d.", t 6'~PI"ygl"9!!t1dS.ulsurr wrd'''' , 7. Watchtowu6, Sai/~t~rig"'d." , II. F41!iirlJ'lone

• Leng Li THing