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De118u~. DeA •• CallMu:9 • .T.M •• vanolat:, J.C. and Pord, B.?.

1911 ~ ,w CIlU tox1cd_ in cultured lUY_ of 'the

American lcbster. Arm. Meet.. sanjo... COsts Rice. 32 pp.

Deshimeru.. 0.. 1976. SWdi.. CD a parified diet ~or prawn - VI

Abaorp1lion rate of .. !no .cid teat diet. ~. ~.

~. ~. EJr.Ill ... £3' 331-335

_______ .nd Kurok1. X.. 1""_ Studies on a purified c:!iet

for prawn - I. Basal CQftp08ition of diet. lUI.ll. ~. ~. :&1. UIh •• iQ' ;413-419.

-----_______ rJ' 1974b. Stuc!iell on • pur1fiGd ciiet

for prawn - 11. Optilm.a'ft con~t. of cholesterol and glucos_1ne in the diet.. bJ..1.. ~ SOS. ~ F1M ..

£21 421-424.

__________________________ " 1974c. Studies on a purifiec diet

for prawn - Ill. A feedinq experiment with amino aeld

teat diet •• Bull. ~ .. S. ~ IJ.Ib. •• ~I l1a7-1131 _

____________ -"', 1975a. Stud.ie. on • purifie-<l diet: for

prawn - IV.. ~a1uat1on of protein. free _ino acids end

their mixture as nitroqen source. ~.~.!S!£.~.

~. £11 101-103.

__________________________ ,.1915b. studi •• on a purified diet

for prawn - V. ~.luatian of casein hydrolysates a~ a

nitroQeD source. !!!A61.. :!la. !e,;.. ~. !.1Ih., UI 301-304.

_____________ -", 1976. Studies on a purified diet

for prawn - VII. Adequate dietary lev~ls of ascorbic acid and inosltolt! Sul.l. ~. 22£. !£l. !J..Ill ... !.i I 571-576.

__________ ....JI. 1979. Requiranent of pra.wn for dietary

pyr~1ne and. choline chloride. Bull • ..:!I1l. Fish., 451 363-367.

thiamine,

~. §£!. - -_______________________ and Shigueno, K., 1972. Introduction to

the artifiGlal diet for prawn E. 1aponlcus"Aqu!Cyltuf ••

1 (1). 11 5-113.

and Yone, Y., 1978. ~equirement of prawn

for dietary minprals. ~. Jap. ~. ::':ci. !!!h., £;t(S) 1

907-910.

____________________ , 1978.' Optimum levels of

dietary protein for prawn. Bull. Jap. §££. Sc!. Fish.,

441 1395-1397. -= Devarics, 'II.TT., Crovier, ;'7.M., fvans, J.-:.., ':'::reqory, J.D., Novell!,

.D~, ~oodak, M. and Lipmann, F., 1950. Purification of

coenzyme A fr0m fermentation sources and its partial

identification. ~. ~. ~. ~., ~I 4838.

,Dinninq, J.S., Neatrour, S.~. and Day, ?L., 1955. i\ biochem~al

basis :for the interrelationshin 0:'" p:'l.ntothenic acid and

mE-~thionine :le Nutr.,~, 431-435.

Dubois, h.,ailles, K.A., Hamilton, J.K.,-'egers, P.A. and Smit.l-t,

I" 1~56. ':olorimetric method for c:ptermination of sugars

and retatf'd substanc('s. "nalyst. 9..1.£m. ~ $ 350-356.

EijkmClnn, e., 1897, quoted by -'illiams, :(.~. 1961. In'''Toward the . Conquest of Beribf'l!ri,1I Bavard 'L~niv. Press. Canbridge.42pp

Ellinger, P., 1950. ThE:- role of intestinal flora and body tissue

in the biosynthesis of rdcotinarnide in rat and man.

~:xperimentia. ~ s 144-145.

*Ershoff, D.i-l., 1946. Dispensability of dietary niacin for repro­

dU<:tion and lactation in the rat. Arch, Biochem •• iI81-B4.

1'1.0 1'1aheriea .era., 1983. Year))oclt of flahery a1:a1:1ft1c ••

Vol. 55. FAO Publ. Rame,384 pp.

hnucci, J.L. and Zein-Eldin. z.P •• 1976. Evaluaticn of aqui4 mantle meal •• a protein source in penae1d nutrition.

FAO Tech. Cenfr. on Aquaeulture, May 1976. Kyoto. 18 Pp.

and Lawrence, A.L., 1980.

r;:'he nutritional response of two penaeid If>ecies to

various levels of squid meal in a prepared feed. ~.

2~nn- Meet. vIor Id fv!aricul t. Soc., 11 s 403-409. ~ - .-.-- :s=

F('rnan6~z, R., Lopez - Baisson, C., Ramos, L. and Cuellar, L.,

1981. Effects, of formulated diets on 1:\<10 species of

crayfish .!!. p§llipes and 1:. leniuseylum under laboratory

conditione. 5th Internatl. Sym>"'. on F .1.'.'. Crayfish.

Cavis, California, USA. 32 Pp.

Fisher, I .~., 1960. VitamirCs. Inl 1:'he Physiology of Crustac~a

(W~teCman, T.n., :;:d.). Vol. 1. o,cacemic Press. New York.

259 -2.B9

Fisher, H., '~cott, H.n. and Johnson, 3.';., 1955, 'uantitative

aspects of the nicotinic acid-tryptophan interrelationship

in the chicks. Brit. ~. ~., 2' 340-349.

Foster, J. r, .M., 1976, Studies on the development of compounded

diets for prawns. Internatl. Con~r. ;\quC1cult. Nutr., Q

C:e1..""are, Sea Grant Program. and U.S./Japan .1\quaculture,

c'anel UJNR. 229-249.

and Gabbot, P.A., 1971. The assimilation of

nutrients from compounded diets by the prawns &. lerrotus

and z. platyceros. ~.~. Biol. ~. U.K., ~l'943-961.

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the prawn f. Serratus tedwith fresh and compounded

foods. Ins Ministry of Agric. Fish and ~, GrB ••

F1.hefY Investi. ~. 11, lZ(7) 1 1-48.

xvi

*P'rapolli. F., 1771. Animadversiones in "Morbiun Vulgo Pelagr.-•.

Milan, quoted by H.F. Harris in "Pellagra". MadMil1an.

Netv York, 1919.

Fraz1er, E.I. and Fr1edemann. T.E., 1946. pella9ra, a s~dy in hUl"!'.an nutrition. The multiple factor principle of the

cletcrmination of minimum vitamin requiranents. Quart.

Bu,!l. Nprth 'ilestern Univ., ~. school, ~. 24-48.

Frey, p.~. a~d Jansen. R., 1947. Depletion of vitamin A reserves

in the livers of cattle. Science.~: 313.

*Fridericia, L.~: ., 1926. Reflection, a trans~issible . change in

the ir.testinal content, enablin~ rats to ~row and thrive

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Concrress Stoclholm, August 1926_ 'ckand. &£h. Physiol'e.

~I 129-130.

Fritsch, :~ •. ::., 1953. Die Labensd~er von !)apr.nia sps. bei

vcrschiedends Ernehrung besonders bei ,,:u0abe von

Funtothensaure. 2:,. ~~iss. zool. ~. ~f\1 435-4·5'.

*Funk, C.,1912. The et10logy of thE' (leficiency tH~pases.

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Georgievas~, ,/. I., lmnenkov, B .~ .: . and Sarnokhin, ".T., 1979.

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Goldblatt, ! .J., Conklin, ::: .E. and Brown, " • . :' ., 1979. Nutrient

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Vol. II. H. Heeneman GmbH and Co., Berlin 117-129 pp.

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xvii

Goodwin, H~L. and Han.on, J .A., 1975. '!be aquaculture of fn8h

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Gornall, ?~.rJ., Bardawill, C.J. and David, fvl.M., 1949. Detenni­

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~. Biot • ~ .• 122a 751-766.

Grajcer, D. and Neal, R.,1972. 0rowth of hatchery reared

£. azctecus on experimental diets. E£Q£. Ann. ~. World

"::lricul t~ :2.Q.£., ~ I 461-470.

Griffith. ":.:T. and Nyc, J.F., 1954. Acetylcholine. In. The

Vitamins (Sebrell, hT.H. Jr. and :i-l"arris, l~ • .s., Eds.)

Vol. 15. Academic Press. l\ew York. 169-192 pp.

_________ and ~vade, N.J., 1939. Choline metaboliBm -·1.

The occurrence and prevention of hemorrhagic degeneration

in youn~1 rat on a 10<.0J ch-:line dip.t. ~. ll21 • .9l!!!l;, 1111 567-577. =-

, !

* Gr ijns,&.,19011. Ci ted by T.,.' iIlic3lTlS, . -'", .. ( 1 9 61) "Tmlarck the

Conquest of Beriberi ll ~-1arvard Univ. ;':ress, Cambridge.

nassachusetts. 42 p.

Guary, 11., iCcnazawa, A., Tanaka, N. ana Cecr:a1di, H.J., 1976 • . Nutritiora1 recuirements of priTh"n - TI. Requirenent for

ascorbic: acid, £. 1aponicus }jate. £!.mb-::.culture, Za 245-254.

Gupta, ~.::)., :;hmudhari, C •. ~. and Chatterjec, I.:., 1972.

Incapabili ty of I-ascorbic 2cid synthcs is by insects.

~. Bigchem. Biophys., l~~r 889-890.

Guthrie, H.A., 1975. Introductory Kutrition.-:::.U. MOshy Co.

Saint Louis" 10 pp.

Gyorgy, p., 1934. iJitamin B2 and the pe11a0ra lL~e dermatitis

in rata. RJ,ture, ~~ a 498-499.

xviii

______ , 1938. Crystalline vitanin B6

- ~. ~. 9l!!I. ~., .~I 983-984.

______ , 1971. Developments leading to the metabolic role

of vitmlin B6 - ~.:l-~. ~,. ~I 1250-1256.

Halliburton, I.~\,. and Thanson, R.Y., 1965 ._ ·~ I:l\ determination in anfulal tissues. Cancer. rtes., ~: 1882-1884.

Halver, J.~., 1953. Fish diseases and nutrition. TrIPs.~.

FiQh., £2£., ~I 254-261.

_______ , 1957. The nutrition of salmoni(~ fishes. Ill.

,Clt:cr-soluble vitamin requirements for chinoo)( salmon.

~. ~., ~~I 225-243.

________ , 1966. Vitamin and amino ac1a rpC"'!'ll .ir.ement of Pacific

521~on (Cnchorhyncus),::j\C, EIFAC 66/ C, 11 (3) I 61-68.

_______ " 1,969. Vitamin requirements. Ins : ish in qesearch

(Neuhnus, O.i.,and Halv(.'r, J.':"., =(~5.). ,!>'cadernic Press.

;-:P\'! Yrrk. : 209-232 pp.

i ______ . ..1 1972 ..

,..- .,.. -" ) '"-' . ., I '~ (.1 •

_______ , 1975.:

~:'he Vitamins. In: :'iS~1 ;·;utrition. (Ha!ver,

Academic Press. ;. F?w:!ork. 30-97 pp_

Nutri tional r!-r-uirEm0n t-.S of cold water fish.

J.'roc. 9th Jnt·?rn ' tl. Conqr. ::utr. ~: 132-157.

_______ , 1978. : Vitamtn reMlirement of ~:'.n : ' ish. SI'::'i\C!!mll.

~_~ inr is'''' ~.;ukr • .2!!£ ~ Tf'chnol, ! r ambu1:'g. EIFAC/78/Symp.R./8.

_______ , 1980. Vitamins rr~irements in fin7.ish. In:

Nutrition and ~'c1tmce (':;antos, T,I., I.opcs, N •• Baroosa.

J. ~'., Ch:'lVelS, D. and Valente, J.C., "';ds.). Vol. II.

?lenum Fress ~'Jew York. 181-198~t:>.

xix

_____ J' 1'82. The vi~J.nsrequ1re4 for cultivat:ed aa1monlda

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'Handler, p •• 1958. lfuuiUonal diaeas.. Confr. Oft beribe.ri.

end_ic goit:er and hypcwitllftiD08ia.a, b!!. f£2!;. 12(2):

31-35.

Hanson. J.A. and Goodwin, H.L., 1977. Shrimp.rJd prawn farming­in the Wastem Heaisphere. Publ. by Dowden, Hutehingson

and Roa.. Inc. PeftJl8Ylvania. ..19 pp.

Harper, H.A., 1971. Review of physiological chemistry. 13th ad.

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_____ ...". 1981. McCollwn and direction in t:he evaluation of

protein quality. la. Agric. m. 9l.B. •• il' '29-425.

Harper, E., 8eif~er, S. and Harper, S.S •• 1967. Slectron

micro8eopic and biochemical characteri.ation of collagen of blatterian insect •• ~. £t11. Biol., U. 385-393.

Huhimot0, Y. Avai, S. and N(\afl, Tu 1970. Thi.m1ne deficiency

aymp::,rtaa. exper1laentally induced in the eel. Bull. ¥.iR. §.2£. ~. UIll., ~(8)' 791-797.

Huselbach. w., 1978. The ra.ers1bility of t:h. aareopl_1c

calciwn pump. Bioch!IB. B1opbJl. ~., 515. 23-53.

Hastings, W.H. aDd Cowey, C.B., 1977. Fish dieta and cul~ media. In, CRe Hand book aerie. in Nutr 1 tion and Fm Science. G. Diets, Culture Media. Food Supplement.

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He ph er. B .. 19'178. Supplementary diet. and related problems

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_____ " .. Sandban}(. E. and Shelef, G .. 1978. Alternative

protein sources. for warm water fish diets. F.IFAc/711

Symp, R/ll(2). 1-29,

H1lton. ,T .. ;!., <:ho. C.Y. end Slinger, S.J" 1977. Evaluation

of the ascorbic acid .tatua ot rainbow trout (~.gairdner1)

ir. )i~h~ Eu,. M., £in .. It I 2207-2210.

Hogan. A.C • ., ;,iqhardson, L.R •• Patrick, H •• O'Dell, B.L. and

Kempster" H.L., 1941. Vitamin '36 and c.'1ic.K nutrition.

PoultrY e£!., ~. 180-183.

Holt. L.S. Jr., 1956. Niacin r~4!lnent in infants using

synthetic diets. &:she Dise", Ch11dhOO~, .ul 427-432.

_______ .-.. alnd Snyderman, S.E., 1955. The influ.ence of

dietary f •. t on thimnine 10s8 frcm the boCty. :le ~ •• I:\Cs 495-5DO. 6= '

I

Horwi tt •. ' .~,:., 19~8. Niacin-tryptophan recuirr:r:<ents of man.

'Jesir;nati~'n in terms of niacin equivalents. ~. ~.

DJetu· N!'9C •• It, 914-919.

HotchJc:iss, ?.D.. IfJ55. 'nle biological rol~ of the deoxypento.e

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Hu. V.J.E., 1978. :Relationships between vertical miqratiCl'1

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Huqh.e. D.E.. ltS3. The role of v1t~inl in mat8bol1c proce •• es. -~::: ;-:~.I::tab.;)lism and function of pantothenic acid.

~. N.utr. ~., ~I 83-93.

Itmdley. J.;, •• 1949. Influence of fructo.e and other carbO­

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~

Hmt~r, J.v.CO,lvin. L.B. and Reid, B.L. '1979. T-Jhole body calcium.

magn ... 1ua and pl'ao.phorus level. of the California brown

shrimp, f. Sji,lUomltft'ia aB function of mol t s'tage.

fS!m.. Biochero. PhV;iol., ~A' 33-36,

______ , Kowalczuk. J.G. and Avault. J,v-l. Jr., 1978. Poat­

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:. cl~rk11. Crust ace ana. J!' 275-280.

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~I 7jjl-760.

I HWlter, B •• M~erel11, P.C. Jr .. L1(Thtner, D.T]. and Colvtn,l,.B ••

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Hys:n1t.,. :3.1'., Boot!1, J.n •• Cook, E.L. and : Ls, .I., 1972 •

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Infanger, ?"'C' II Mic1celaen • .R., Heckrnan, R. and ~:adley. S.R.,

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xxii

Jansen, B.C.P., 1954. Thi_ine.XJlI The Vitamins (Sebrell, T-!.H.

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_______ IIld Donath, W.F., 1927. Medac!. D1enst. Volksgez­

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John8~, P.V., Kopac.yk, K.C. and

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Joseph, J.D. and Mer-rs, S.P., 1975. Lipid fatty ac1d compo­sition of shrtmp meals and crustacean diets. 1l!4stuffl' £l ( 35). 24-16.

Jukes, T.~~., 1939. The pantothenic acid requirement of the

chick. :le !i2l.. 9l.!!!. •• 11&' 225-321.

______ , 1941. Perosis in turkeys - I. Experiments related

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______ , 1952. Choline.!lm.. Rev. Biochem •• JJa 193-222.

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_____ --", Shimaye, Mu Kavaa'ki. M. and Kashiwada, 1<.. 1970.

Nutri tional requirements of prawn - I. Feeding on

artificial diet. !a!ll.. ~. ~. Sei. !!lb... It(9) s949-954.

_____ ...... ' Tanaka, N •• T •• hima. S. and Kash1wada. K.. 1971.

Nutri tional requir.eftt8 of prawn - 11. Requirenent8 for

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xxiii

_____ --J T.shim .. S. and Ta_ .. N •• 191.. Ifutr1t:1cnal

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IIftd inositol. ~. I,K. IHJa" KagubW !ln1y •• a(l) 1

47-51.

_____ ~, Tokiw., s., K.,ama, M. and Hirat .. M., 1977&.

Essential falty acida in the diet of prawn - I. Effects

of linol eic and linolen ie acia. on growth. !!'!l11. im. !2£. ~. !!Ih., £1(9)1 1111-1114.

_____ ""-', Tesh1ma, S. and Tekiwa. S., 1971b. Nutritional

requir_ent8 of prawn - VII. Effects of dietary lil'h1s

on growth. ~. ~. ~. ~. ~., £1(7) I 8"-856.

_____________________________________ , Endo, M., and Abdel

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Kennell, D. and Magasanik, B •• 1962. The relation of ribosane

content to the rate of en~e synthesis in a. I'rogenaf. 8ipch •• ~ wa,. Act, .. aal 139-151.

*Ker ea at eay, J.C. and Stev.na, J.R.~1938. Crystalline vit.min D6• ~. ~. ~. !!!2!. tiE., 38 I 64-65. -

Khannappa. A., 1977. The effect of 0%, 30C'~, 40% and S~ ~ote1n

1ev.l. on growth and survival rates of E. monodon_ ~ • .8!1.. ~. AcguaSUtl •• !2!Z.. S.E. Alien Fish. E.E,.. Cent", 1(1), 24-26.

_______ ~, 197e. The .ffects of various protein leo;rel. on

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tish teed for cc.aoo carp. !aa. mM UI,h. !I£., 11(1), 55-60.

X1tebeyuhi. le .. Kurata. H •• Ihu40. IC .. NaJulIlura, IC. and

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phosphorus and calcium. bll. Tokai !itsl. !Hh. Ba. ~ .. GI 91-108.

_______ ~, 5hOOo, K.. N akamur a, K. and Iahileawa, S.. 1971b.

Studies on the fonnul~ feed. for kuruma prawn - 11. On

the growth promoting effects of both arginine and

m~thionine. ~. TOka1 ~. ~. Res. ~.,t1.119-127.

________________________________________________________ ~,1971c.

Studies Cln formul& feed for kuruml1 prawn - V. On the

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X1t_ura, S., Suwa, T., Chara, s. and. NaJcagawa, K., 1987.

Studies on vi tan in requirement in rainbow trout,

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Kr.-ptis, L.O •• 1969. Catalytic functlana of thiamine dip"'phate

~. ~. 81ogbw .. .-. 213 -240.

_______ and. woolley, D.W., 1964. Th~ NIIlner of inactivation

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*Not r.ferr~ 1n oriqlftal.