Nutritional RelationshipsNutritional Relationships

NicheNiche

All organism have their niche in an All organism have their niche in an ecosystem.ecosystem.

Niche:Niche:– The roll a species plays in the environmentThe roll a species plays in the environment

AutotrophsAutotrophs

Auto=self Troph=energyAuto=self Troph=energy

Definition: Make their own Definition: Make their own energyenergy

Also known as ProducersAlso known as Producers

Create energy through Create energy through photosynthesis (using photosynthesis (using light) or through light) or through chemosynthesis (using chemosynthesis (using chemicals)chemicals)

HeterotrophHeterotroph

Hetero=different Troph=energyHetero=different Troph=energy

Definition: gets energy from somewhere elseDefinition: gets energy from somewhere else

Types of heterotrophsTypes of heterotrophs

DecomposersDecomposers– Definition: obtain Definition: obtain

energy by feeding on energy by feeding on decaying organismsdecaying organisms

– Mushrooms, bacteriaMushrooms, bacteria– Saprophytes: non-Saprophytes: non-

green plants living off green plants living off of dead material.of dead material.

– Useful because they Useful because they recycle materials in recycle materials in ecosystems.ecosystems.

Heterotroph cont.Heterotroph cont.

Herbivores: only eat Herbivores: only eat plantsplants

Carnivores: only eat Carnivores: only eat meatmeat

Omnivores: eat both Omnivores: eat both plants and meatplants and meat

Scavengers: eat meat Scavengers: eat meat theat has already theat has already been killed (aka been killed (aka detrivores)detrivores)

Food ChainFood Chain

Shows how energy moves through an Shows how energy moves through an ecosystem by showing who eats who.ecosystem by showing who eats who.

Trophic pyramidTrophic pyramid

Shows how energy moves through a food chainShows how energy moves through a food chain

Energy Pyramid cont.Energy Pyramid cont.

10% of the energy moves from the level below to 10% of the energy moves from the level below to the level abovethe level above

Biomass PyramidBiomass Pyramid

Biomass: Mass of living tissue in each levelBiomass: Mass of living tissue in each level

Relationships between Relationships between organismsorganisms

Parasitism: One organism benefits and the other Parasitism: One organism benefits and the other is hurt ex: a tic or leachis hurt ex: a tic or leach

Relationships between Relationships between organismsorganisms

Mutualism: Both Mutualism: Both organisms benefitorganisms benefit

Relationships between Relationships between organismsorganisms

Commensalism: One organism benefits and the Commensalism: One organism benefits and the other is not affected at all.other is not affected at all.

Predator vs. PreyPredator vs. Prey

The Predator is the organism that huntsThe Predator is the organism that hunts

The prey is the organism that is being huntedThe prey is the organism that is being hunted