NutritionNutrition

Mr. GiacobbeMr. Giacobbe

99thth Grade Health Grade Health

What is Nutrition? What is Nutrition? Definition-Nutrition is the process of Definition-Nutrition is the process of a living being's ability to eat foods a living being's ability to eat foods and use the components of those and use the components of those foods to fuel growth and foods to fuel growth and development. development.

Nutrition is important to understand Nutrition is important to understand so that we can make healthy food so that we can make healthy food choices. choices.

NutritionNutrition

We need good nutrition to be We need good nutrition to be healthy. If we eat poorly, we are healthy. If we eat poorly, we are more likely to be sick and unhealthy.more likely to be sick and unhealthy.

What are in the foods we eat?What are in the foods we eat?Calories- are the units of heat that Calories- are the units of heat that measure the energy used by the body and measure the energy used by the body and the energy that foods supply to the body. the energy that foods supply to the body.

We need a minimum of 2000 calories to We need a minimum of 2000 calories to stay healthy. stay healthy.

Nutrients- are the substances in your food Nutrients- are the substances in your food that your body needs to grow, to repair that your body needs to grow, to repair itself, and to supply you with energy. itself, and to supply you with energy.

The 6 Essential NutrientsThe 6 Essential NutrientsThere are 6 classes of “nutrients” that we There are 6 classes of “nutrients” that we must understand!!!must understand!!!Without them we CANNOT SURVIVE!Without them we CANNOT SURVIVE!

CarbohydratesCarbohydratesFatsFatsProteinsProteinsVitaminsVitaminsMineralsMineralsWaterWater

CarbohydratesCarbohydratesAre the starches and sugars present Are the starches and sugars present in food. in food. Are the body’s preferred source of Are the body’s preferred source of energy.energy.We should get about 50-60% of our We should get about 50-60% of our calories every day from calories every day from Carbohydrates. Carbohydrates. There are 4 calories per gram of There are 4 calories per gram of Carbohydrates. Carbohydrates.

Fats (Lipids)Fats (Lipids)

A fatty substance that does not A fatty substance that does not dissolve in water. dissolve in water.

Fats provide more than twice the Fats provide more than twice the energy of carbohydrates or proteins.energy of carbohydrates or proteins.

They have 9 calories per gramThey have 9 calories per gram

Fats (cont.)Fats (cont.)20-30% of our calories should come 20-30% of our calories should come from fats. from fats. Fats are also used for insulation of Fats are also used for insulation of the body, protection of the internal the body, protection of the internal organs, and they help transport organs, and they help transport important vitamins through the blood important vitamins through the blood stream. stream. We want to stay away from saturated We want to stay away from saturated fats and trans fats.fats and trans fats.

ProteinProtein

One of the body's nutrients that One of the body's nutrients that builds and repairs tissues. Protein is builds and repairs tissues. Protein is made of amino acids and can be made of amino acids and can be categorized as complete and categorized as complete and incomplete.incomplete.

Protein Cont.Protein Cont.

Complete proteins contain all Complete proteins contain all essential amino acids, examples are: essential amino acids, examples are: beef, chicken, fish, and eggs.beef, chicken, fish, and eggs.

Incomplete proteins include Incomplete proteins include vegetables, fruits, grains, seeds, and vegetables, fruits, grains, seeds, and nuts. nuts.

We should get about 10-20% of our We should get about 10-20% of our calories from proteins.calories from proteins.

VitaminsVitamins

Vitamins are nutrients you must get Vitamins are nutrients you must get from food because your body can't from food because your body can't make them from scratch. They allow make them from scratch. They allow chemical reactions to take place chemical reactions to take place inside your body. inside your body.

Only 13 compoundsOnly 13 compounds are considered are considered vitamins.vitamins.

Vitamins Cont.Vitamins Cont.

Vitamins A, D, E, and K, the four fat-Vitamins A, D, E, and K, the four fat-soluble vitamins, tend to accumulate soluble vitamins, tend to accumulate in the body.in the body.

Vitamin C and the eight B vitamins Vitamin C and the eight B vitamins dissolve in water, so excess amounts dissolve in water, so excess amounts are excreted.are excreted.

Can you name some vitamins?Can you name some vitamins?

MineralsMineralsAre substances the body cannot Are substances the body cannot manufacture but are needed for forming manufacture but are needed for forming healthy bones and teeth and for regulating healthy bones and teeth and for regulating many vital body processes. many vital body processes.

They help support the many complex They help support the many complex chemical reactions inside our bodies. We chemical reactions inside our bodies. We need them on a cellular level.need them on a cellular level.

What are some of the minerals our bodies What are some of the minerals our bodies need?need?

WaterWater Our bodies are estimated to be about 60 Our bodies are estimated to be about 60 to 70% water. Blood is mostly water, and to 70% water. Blood is mostly water, and our muscles, lungs, and brain all contain a our muscles, lungs, and brain all contain a lot of water. We need to drink water lot of water. We need to drink water because water is needed to regulate body because water is needed to regulate body temperature and to provide the means for temperature and to provide the means for nutrients to travel to all our organs. Water nutrients to travel to all our organs. Water also transports oxygen to our cells, also transports oxygen to our cells, removes waste, and protects our joints removes waste, and protects our joints and organs.and organs.

Water Cont.Water Cont.

How much water should we drink a How much water should we drink a day?day?

Take half your body weight and drink Take half your body weight and drink that many ounces of water a day.that many ounces of water a day.

Example: 120 pound person should Example: 120 pound person should drink 60 ounces of water everydaydrink 60 ounces of water everyday

Food LabelsFood Labels

What do food labels tell us?What do food labels tell us?

Food Labels Cont.Food Labels Cont.

Serving Size- How many or how Serving Size- How many or how much of that food equals the much of that food equals the amounts on the food label. amounts on the food label.

Nutrients- The amounts of total fat, Nutrients- The amounts of total fat, saturated fat, cholesterol, sodium, saturated fat, cholesterol, sodium, protein, and carbohydrates. protein, and carbohydrates.

Food Guide PyramidFood Guide PyramidOld PyramidOld Pyramid New PyramidNew Pyramid

My PyramidMy Pyramid

There are 6 sectionsThere are 6 sections

Orange- Grains Serving Size- 5-7 Orange- Grains Serving Size- 5-7 ouncesounces

Green- Vegetables Serving Size- 2-3 Green- Vegetables Serving Size- 2-3 CupsCups

Red- Fruits Serving Size- 1/1/2-2 Red- Fruits Serving Size- 1/1/2-2 CupsCups

My Pyramid Cont.My Pyramid Cont.Yellow- Oils Serving Size- Use Yellow- Oils Serving Size- Use SparinglySparinglyBlue- Milk and Dairy Serving Size- 3 Blue- Milk and Dairy Serving Size- 3 one cup servingsone cup servingsPurple- Meats/Beans/Nuts Serving Purple- Meats/Beans/Nuts Serving Size 5-6 ouncesSize 5-6 ouncesDaily Exercise- At least 30 minutes Daily Exercise- At least 30 minutes every day.every day.Drink plenty of WaterDrink plenty of Water

My Pyramid Cont.My Pyramid Cont.

Each pyramid is different for each Each pyramid is different for each person. person.

As we go up the different sections, As we go up the different sections, the more unhealthy the foods are for the more unhealthy the foods are for us.us.

As we move down the different As we move down the different sections, the more healthy they are sections, the more healthy they are for us. for us.

THE END!!!THE END!!!