Nutrition and Nutrition and Energy Energy

FlowFlowWhat eats what?What eats what?

How organisms get How organisms get energyenergy

Autotrophs make their own nutrientsAutotrophs make their own nutrients Plants use the sun’s energy to produce Plants use the sun’s energy to produce

nutrients nutrients Heterotrophs feed on other organismsHeterotrophs feed on other organisms

Herbivores eat plantsHerbivores eat plants Carnivores eat other animalsCarnivores eat other animals

Scavangers eat dead animalsScavangers eat dead animals Decomposers break down dead and Decomposers break down dead and

decaying plants and animalsdecaying plants and animals

Energy flow in Energy flow in ecosystemsecosystems

Food chain = simple model used to Food chain = simple model used to show how energy flows through an show how energy flows through an ecosystemecosystem

algae fish heronalgae fish heron

Energy flow in Energy flow in ecosystemsecosystems

Trophic level = step in the food chainTrophic level = step in the food chain Each higher trophic level has fewer Each higher trophic level has fewer

individuals and less energy availableindividuals and less energy available

Energy flow in the Energy flow in the ecosystemecosystem

Food chain is very simple, only one Food chain is very simple, only one pathpath

Food web = a model that shows all Food web = a model that shows all the possible feeding relationships at the possible feeding relationships at each trophic level in a communityeach trophic level in a community

Cycles in NatureCycles in Nature

Like energy, matter moves through Like energy, matter moves through trophic levelstrophic levels

Matter gets recycledMatter gets recycled The water cycleThe water cycle The carbon cycleThe carbon cycle The nitrogen cycleThe nitrogen cycle The phosphorus cycleThe phosphorus cycle

The Water CycleThe Water Cycle

Evaporation, condensation, Evaporation, condensation, precipitationprecipitation

The Carbon CycleThe Carbon Cycle

Photosyntheis converts COPhotosyntheis converts CO22 to to energy rich carbon molecules used energy rich carbon molecules used by organisms to growby organisms to grow

The Nitrogen CycleThe Nitrogen Cycle

Bacteria convert nitrogen in the air Bacteria convert nitrogen in the air into the soil where plants can use it into the soil where plants can use it to make proteinsto make proteins

The Phosphorus CycleThe Phosphorus Cycle

Plants get phosphorus from the soil, Plants get phosphorus from the soil, plants and animals need it plants and animals need it

to growto grow