NUTRIENT DYNAMICS WITHIN THE INAPRO DOUBLE … · 2018-07-13 · INAPRO aquaponics allows a nearly emission-free sustainable food ... double recirculation aquaponic system (DRAPS)

NUTRIENT DYNAMICS WITHIN THE INAPRODOUBLE RECIRCULATING AQUAPONIC SYSTEM (DRAPS)

Werner Kloas

Leibniz-Institute of Freshwater Ecology

& Inland Fisheries (IGB),

Department Ecophysiology & Aquaculture, Berlin, Germany

2PageInternational Innovation Workshop Aquaculture, Berlin, 03-14-2017

CHALLENGES AND VISION

The EU project INAPRO implements innovative water, energy, and nutrient management solutions to exploit resources efficiencies for aquaponics

INAPRO aquaponics allows a nearly emission-free sustainable food production keeping similar yields for fish and plants as in separated systems

INAPRO meets well with the recent EU strategies under the new Horizon 2020 framework to face the challenges of the dramatic development of the water resource situation in Europe and worldwide

Aims: - saving the use of water- reduce emissions (CO2, N, P) by value added chains- contribute to food security by productive sustainability


DIFFERENT RECIRCULATION SYSTEMS

single recirculation

aquaponic system (SRAPS)

double recirculation

aquaponic system (DRAPS)

conventional innovativeallows to establish

optimum conditions for

both, fish and plants!

aquaponics = aquaculture + hydroponics


INAPRO AQUAPONICS

Mechanical filter (2) Fish tanks (1)

Nutrient solution tank (8)

Plant gutter (9)

Condensed water (10)

Fresh water

CO2

Fertiliser (7)

3-chamber-pit (6)

Sludge

Feed

Pump sump (5) Biofilter (4)

3

3

DRAPS

Aquaculture (RAS) Hydroponics (B)

3


INAPRO SYSTEM DESIGN2 demonstration plants- Waren, Germany- Murcia, Spain


TEST & RESEARCH FACILITY (Abtshagen)

Basic data Total area: 196 m²

RAS:

43 m²

8 m3 rearing volume

Greenhouse: 139 m²

88.4 m² net cultivation area

8 plant gutters

192 tomato plants

nutrient film technology (NFT)

Technical room: 14 m²


MATERIAL AND METHODS

Experimental design Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)

tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L., cv. Pureza)

Treatments for the hydroponic unit (1) well water (control), EC 1.8

(2) fish water, EC 1.8

(3) fish water, EC 3.0

in all treatments fertilizer was added to reach optimum conditions for plants

Working hypothesis: aquaponic fishwater can becomesupplemented in DRAPS to get the same tomato yield as by optimum artificial fertilizerin separate hydroponics!


MATERIAL AND METHODS

Data collection

water quality – nutrients (weekly)

water use by plants

plant monitoring

photosynthesis

transpiration

plant growth

leaf area

generative development

fruit quantity (weekly)

fruit quality


NUTRIENT CONCENTRATION IN FISH WATER

mean nutrient concentrations in the fish water were correlated to fish densities, however, due to several reconfigurations of the experimental unit the fish densities varied a lot (mean 20 kg m-3) and did by far not reach normal aquaculture situation

Lattauschke, G. (2004) Gewächshaustomaten - Hinweis zum umweltgerechten Anbau und

Managementunterlagen. Sächsisches Staatsministerium für Umwelt und Landwirtschaft

0

50

100

150

200

250

P K Ca Mg S Na

Nu

trie

nt

co

nc

en

tra

tio

n(m

g L

-1)

Element

Recommendations by Lattauschke Tap water

Fish water (Feb to April) Fish water (May to Jul)

Fish water (Aug to Oct)N-NO3 varied markedly only from 15 to 45 mg/L, in contrast our system at IGB is having concentrationsbetween 86-168 mg/L (Kloas et al. 2015) being able tosupplement fully the tomato plants (150 mg/L).


TOTAL TOMATO YIELD AND FRUIT QUALITIES

despite varying nutrient concentrations INAPRO aquaponics achieved similar tomato yields as in separated hydroponics by supplementation of the fish water!

100%

100%

100%

92

.9%

93

.1%

68

.6%

10

4.6

%

10

4.2

%

13

7.1

%

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

Total yield Marketable yield Non-marketable yield

Me

an

yie

ld(k

g m

-2)

Qualities

hydroponics, EC 1.8 aquaponics, EC 1.8 aquaponics, EC 3.0

ab

a

abb

a

b

b a c

YES - aquaponic fishwater can become supplemented in DRAPS to get the same tomato yield as by optimumartificial fertilizer in separate hydroponics!


FRUIT QUALITY

highest dry matter content in aquaponics, EC 3.0 (high salt concentration) soluble solids and sugar-acid ratio a bit lower in aquaponics, EC 1.8 Lycopene and ß-carotene contents were similar

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

Dry matter Soluble solids Sugar-acid ratio Lycopene ß-carotene

Dry

ma

tte

r (%

)S

SC

(g

10

0g

-1 F

W)

SA

RL

yc

op

en

ea

nd

ß-c

aro

ten

e(m

g

g-1

DM

)

hydroponics, EC 1.8 aquaponics, EC 1.8 aquaponics, EC 3.0

b a

b

c

a

b

a a a

a a a

a ab


FERTILISER USE EFFICIENCY (FUE)

Hydroponics, EC 1.8 Aquaponics, EC 1.8

Total yield per treatment (kg)

677.3 626.5

Mineral fertiliser

addition (kg)15.5 (100%) 11.6 (74.8%)

FUE (kg kg-1)* 43.7 54.0

FUE was increased by 23.6% in aquaponics compared to the control

reduction of total fertilizer input was 25.2% in aquaponics (with complete fish stocking 75% can be expected)

Preceeding experiment (Kloas et al., 2015) at IGB: reduction of fertilizer by 60%!

* FUE was calculated as ratio between the total yield of tomatoes and the total fertilizer use

Johanna Suhl, Dennis Dannehl, Werner Kloas, Daniela Baganz, and Uwe Schmidt (2016) Advanced aquaponics: Evaluation of intensive tomato production in aquaponics vs. conventional

hydroponics . Water Management 178:335–344.


Hydroponics:

RAS:

DRAPS (aquaponics) :

300 g

500 g

10 g

100 g

50 gField:

2.5 g 2.0 g 0.6 g

ProductiveSustainability!

What can we harvest with 10 L water?


…no need to be restricted to tomatoes!

In principle all plants useful for hydroponics can be used for aquaponics.

• saving water (~90%)

• minimizing emissions (N, P, CO2)

• saving fertilizer (~75%)

• productive sustainability for aquaculture and hydroponics!!!!

…furthermore also all fish species, useful for RAS, can be combined in

DRAPS-aquaponics!

Transfer to application:

PERSPECTIVES


Why are screening-platforms important for the European Research Area?

THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION!

This project has received funding from the European Union´s Seventh Framework

Programme for research, technological development and demonstration under grant

agreement no 619137

Documents

NUTRIENT DYNAMICS WITHIN THE INAPRO DOUBLE … · 2018-07-13 · INAPRO aquaponics allows a nearly emission-free sustainable food ... double recirculation aquaponic system (DRAPS)