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nurse licensees and nursing education in
nursing n t r e d s
i o w a
A publication of:
academic years 2015-2016, 2016-2017 & 2017-2018
released July 2019
MISSION STATEMENT
The Iowa Center for Nursing Workforce exists to support a dynamic, well-prepared and diverse nurse workforce to meet the health and wellness needs of Iowans.
MISSION STATEMENT The mission of the board is to protect the public health, safety and welfare by regulating the licensure of nurses, the practice of nurses, nursing education and continuing education.
For more information contact:
Iowa Center for Nursing Workforce Laura Hudson, MSN, RN
Associate Director—Workforce 515.201.2509
[email protected] https://nursing.iowa.gov/home/iowa-center-nursing-workforce
Iowa Board of Nursing
Kathy Weinberg Executive Director
515.281.3256 [email protected]
https://nursing.iowa.gov
A Publication of:
1
T A B L E O F C O N T E N T S
INTRODUCTION AND METHODOLOGY 3
NURSING SUPPLY 5
Active Licenses 5
Active Population 6
Age Range of Licensees 7
Education of Licensees 9
NURSING EDUCATION 14
Nursing Education Programs 14
Admission Data 15
Wait List Data 19
Enrollment Data 20
Graduation Data 24
Faculty Data 28
CONCLUSION 29
2
3
INTRODUCTION AND METHODOLOGY
According to the Health Workforce Simulation Model used by the Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA) and released in their report titled “Supply and Demand Projections of the Nursing Workforce: 2014—2030,” from a national perspective HRSA states: “looking at each state’s 2030 RN supply minus their 2030 demand reveals both state-level shortages and surpluses” (U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, 2017, pg. 9). For Iowa and the Midwest region, in all but one state, the RN supply is projected to outpace demand (pg. 9). The LPN supply is projected to outpace demand in Iowa, although several other states in the Midwest show levels of inadequate supply by 2030. A limitation of the HRSA model is that it operates under the assumption that supply and demand are equal in the baseline year of
2014.
As of the distribution of this report, there are now widespread reported pockets of nursing workforce shortages in Iowa; though, there is no single source of demand data in the state to support these claims. Iowa’s Nursing Trends report focuses on the supply side of the equation, which shows that there are more actively licensed nurses in the State than at any other time in Iowa’s history. However, in the 2017—2018 school year, Iowa’s schools of nursing reported a decrease of over 7 percent from the 2015 school year in pre-licensure nursing student graduations for associate degree
and BSN degrees, combined.
The Iowa Center for Nursing Workforce is under the umbrella of the Iowa Board of Nursing and produces the Nursing Trends report using licensure survey data. Since November 2012, Iowa nurses have been providing workforce information aligned with the Nursing Supply Minimum Dataset, ratified by the National Forum of State Nursing Workforce Centers. During the licensure renewal process, nurses are required to answer survey questions about race, ethnicity, gender, original level of nursing degree credential, highest level of education, employment location, setting and work status (full-time, part-time, unemployed). Every three years, Iowa’s nurses supply their
demographic workforce information.
Overview of data provided in this report:
Based on active Iowa nurse licensees. Licensees may or may not be actively
employed in Iowa. The report is a high level analysis of trends in
workforce and available nursing education programs in Iowa.
Unless otherwise noted, data is reported for the last 11 years (2008 – 2018).
Nursing education programs are counted separately by site and type. In some instances, more than one site may share administration, a common philosophy, curriculum, and faculty.
Charts have been abridged for comparison of the most recent years. Data is available in its entirety from 1986.
Licensees are not required to update workforce
information between renewals.
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Health Resources and Services Administration, National Center for Health Workforce Analysis. 2017. National and Regional Supply and Demand Projections of the Nursing Workforce: 2014-2030. Rockville, Maryland.
4
5
NURSING SUPPLY
ACTIVE LICENSES
The following charts are prepared using the Iowa Board of Nursing annual reports from 2008 to 2018. The graphs illustrate trends in Iowa and provide a basis of comparison for Registered Nurse (RN) and Licensed Practical Nurse (LPN)
data.
Note: In Iowa, nurses may hold RN and LPN licenses concurrently. For this reason, the categories are not mutually exclusive on the
following charts.
FIGURE 1: Number of Actively Licensed Registered Nurses and Licensed Practical Nurses, 2008-2018
The number of active RNs in Iowa steadily increased from 42,519 in 2008 to 54,921 in 2018. Resulting in an overall growth of 29.2 percent or a net gain of 12,402. From 2008 to 2011, the number of active LPNs increased from 11,571 in 2008 to 12,088 in 2011, a net gain of 517. This represented a growth rate of 4.4 percent. However, since 2011 there has been an overall decrease in the number of active LPN licenses of 1,722; though there was a slight uptick of 14 active licenses between 2013 and 2014.
Note: The original Nurse Licensure Compact (NLC) became effective in Iowa on July 2, 2000. The enhanced NLC became effective on January 1, 2018. For information about the multi-state licensure compact, visit the Iowa Board of Nursing website at: nursing.iowa.gov
c o m p a r e d t o 29%
10%
increase in active RNs
decrease in active LPNs
( 2 0 0 8 - 2 0 1 8 )
More than a
42,519 43,851
45,493 46,283 47,401 47,42449,929
51,33852,895 54,183
54,921
11,571
11,813 12,031 12,088 12,086 11,530 11,544 11,371 11,117 10,721
10,366
0
10,000
20,000
30,000
40,000
50,000
60,000
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
RN Licenses LPN Licenses
6
FIGURE 2: Active Nurse Population in Iowa, 2008-2018
ACTIVE POPULATION
The following chart shows the population of active nurses in Iowa. The number of RN Iowa residents has steadily increased each year between 2008 and 2018. Over the course of this eleven-year time frame the total number of active RN residents
increased by 21 percent.
During this same time period, from 2008 to 2011, the number of LPN residents in Iowa increased. However, since 2011 the total number of active LPN residents has experienced a decline of 15.2
percent.
38,994
40,065 41,138 42,138 42,916 43,478 44,228 45,196 46,194 46,749
47,182
10,951
11,194 11,414 11,560 11,529 11,086 10,865 10,762 10,586 10,180
9,804
0
10,000
20,000
30,000
40,000
50,000
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
RN Licensees LPN Licensees
compared to a DECREASE 12% 15% among active LPN residents
Active RN residents INCREASED by about
of over
( 2 0 1 1 - 2 0 1 8 )
7
7,50
0 8,64
1 9,54
6
11,8
85
4,64
3
664
6,69
1
11,4
99
10,1
15
12,8
33
8,83
5
1,36
5
7,05
4
13,3
72
11,1
57
11,7
11
10,0
19
1,60
8
17.5%
20.2%
22.3%
27.7%
10.8%
1.5%
13.0%
22.4%
19.7%
25.0%
17.2%
2.7%
12.8%
24.3%
20.3%
21.3%
18.2%
2.9%
0.0%
5.0%
10.0%
15.0%
20.0%
25.0%
30.0%
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
14,000
16,000
29 and Younger 30 to 39 40 to 49 50 to 59 60 to 69 70 and Older
2012 2015 2018
FIGURE 3: Number and Percentage of RN Licensees by Age Range (2012, 2015, & 2018)
% of Total Licensees per Age Range
AGE RANGE OF LICENSEES
The following chart illustrates the total number of RN licensees by age range and also gives the percentage of total licensees by age range. There has been a steady increase in the number of licensees aged 39 and under with 37.1 percent of all RN licensees within this age group in 2018.
Not quite half (41.6%) of all RN licensees fall within the 40 to 59 age group. In 2018, the largest cohort of RNs was in the 30 to 39 range (24.3%) and those in the 50 to 59 year age range has dropped to 21.3%). Licenses are renewed every three years. This illustration shows a glimpse of three licensure cycles for the years 2012 through 2018.
8
2,99
5
2,69
7
2,15
5
2,57
1
1,01
1
98
2,16
5
2,87
7
2,17
2
2,27
7
1,67
5
205
1,79
7
2,56
6
2,17
7
1,91
8
1,67
7
231
26.0%
23.4%
18.7%
22.3%
8.8%
0.9%
19.0%
25.3%
19.1% 20.0%
14.7%
1.8%
17.3%
24.8%
21.0%
18.5%
16.2%
2.2%
0.0%
5.0%
10.0%
15.0%
20.0%
25.0%
30.0%
35.0%
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
3,000
3,500
29 and Younger 30 to 39 40 to 49 50 to 59 60 to 69 70 and Older
2012 2015 2018
% of Total Licensees per Age Range
FIGURE 4: Number and Percentage of LPN Licensees by Age Range (2012, 2015, & 2018)
The chart below shows the total number of LPN licensees by age range and also gives the percentage of total licensees by age range.
A significant increase in the number of LPN licensees aged 39 and under has resulted in approximately 42.1 percent of all licensees falling within this age group. This outpaces the 40 to 59 age group which makes up 39.5 percent of all LPN licensees.
In 2018, the largest cohort of LPNs was within the 30 to 39 year age range (24.8%). Licenses are renewed every three years. This illustration shows a glimpse of three licensure cycles for the years 2012 through 2018.
9
FIGURE 5: Basic RN Education, Graduates by Award Level (2008-2018)
EDUCATION OF LICENSEES
The following chart illustrates the total number of active licensees and the original RN graduate award level. Diploma programs were nursing programs associated with a hospital or medical facility. Diploma numbers continue to decline following the closing of the last Iowa diploma program in 1999, and the retirements of nurses who attended the diploma programs. The number of Associate Degree in Nursing/Associate of Science in Nursing (ADN/ASN)
graduates and Bachelor of Science in Nursing (BSN) graduates have continued to rise over the last 11 years. However, the total number of graduates from ADN/ASN programs continues to outpace the number who earn a BSN degree upon original licensure. Since 2008, the number of ADN/ASNs awarded has increased by 41.5 percent while the number of 4-year degrees earned has increased by 54.7 percent.
9,577 9,290 9,089 8,783 8,395 7,941 7,759 7,397 7,039 6,657 6,293
21,615 22,534 23,601 24,099 25,046 25,218
26,822 27,701
29,06830,026 30,597
10,990 11,607
12,496 12,895 13,339 13,45314,443 14,843
15,696 16,478 17,010
0
5,000
10,000
15,000
20,000
25,000
30,000
35,000
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
Diploma ADN/ASN BSN
a t a r a t e o v e r 13% g r eat e r t h a n ADN/ASN graduates
( 2 0 0 8 - 2 0 1 8 )
Total BSN graduates have increased
10
FIGURE 6: Graduates of Iowa Nursing Education Pre-Licensure Programs (2008-2018)*
The chart below shows the number of graduates with Iowa’s pre-licensure nursing programs. The number of RN graduates increased steadily between 2005 (n = 1,669) and 2008 and then again between 2010 and 2014. In 2015, RN pre-licensure program graduates dropped by 198—for a total percentage decrease of 8.2.This is the first time in five years there has been a decrease in pre-licensure graduates. This may perhaps be due to stricter admission standards at various institutions across the State of Iowa; instituted in 2012 and 2013.
Since 2010, the number of LPN graduates has steadily declined. In 2018, the total number of graduates was 800, a decrease of 7.1 percent from prior the year. Note: Some nursing education programs at Iowa community colleges are built on a career ladder concept that prepares graduates to apply for LPN licensure upon completion of the first level (year) and RN licensure upon completion of the second level (year).
2,104 2,012 1,991
2,122 2,125
2,3152,405
2,2072,079
1,9242,051
1,510 1,556 1,5651,493 1,440
1,3321,218
1,131
977
718800
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
3,000
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
RN Programs LPN Programs
d r o p p e d b y 198, t h e f i r s t d e c r e a s e i n f i v e y e a r s
In 2015, the total number of RN pre-licensure graduates
*Data collection for RN programs has been modified. Numbers reported here have been revised and may not match data reported
previously.
11
The following chart depicts the pass rates among graduates of Iowa’s nursing programs taking the national licensure examination for the first time, during fiscal year reporting, ending June 30, 2018. Throughout the 2008-2018 time period the pass rate among LPNs never dipped below 91.0 percent.
The average pass rate among RNs during the same time period was 83.5 percent.
80.0
%
83.0
%
85.0
%
85.0
%
88.0
%
86.0
%
82.0
%
78.0
%
81.0
%
85.0
%
86.0
%
95.0
%
94.0
%
93.0
%
91.0
%
93.0
%
94.0
%
96.0
%
94.0
%
95.0
%
94.0
%
91.0
%0%
25%
50%
75%
100%
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
RNs LPNs
FIGURE 7: First-Time Tester Passing Rates Among Graduates of Iowa Nursing Programs, National Licensure Examination (2008-2018)
N E V E R F E L L B E L O W 91%
f r o m 2 0 0 8 t o 2 0 1 8 ,
THE PASS RATE FOR FIRST-TIME TEST-TAKERS, AMONG LPNs,
12
The following chart illustrates the number of Advanced Registered Nurse Practitioners (ARNPs) in Iowa. Overall, the total number of ARNPs has more than doubled since 2008. The most significant change among ARNPs within the last year was the Nurse Practitioner category which experienced an increase of 555 licenses (2017 to 2018).
Nurse Midwives had a slight increase of 14 licensees and Certified Registered Nurse Anesthetists has an increase of 27 licensees in the same one-year period. Between 2017 and 2018, the total number of ARNPs increased by 15.3 percent.
1,18
6
1,26
5
1,34
6
1,32
9
1,61
6
1,94
3
2,18
1
2,44
0
2,81
8
3,11
3
3,66
8
75
78
87
80
99
111
113
110
114
124
138
464
494
462
392 48
6 548
542
551
594
591
618
105
103
98
90
85
90
88
84
85
80
82
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
3,000
3,500
4,000
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
Nurse Practitioners Nurse Midwives Certified Registered Nurse Anesthetists Clinical Nurse Specialists
FIGURE 8: Advanced Registered Nurse Practitioners in Iowa (2008-2018)
13
FIGURE 9: Highest Degree Held by Active Licensed RNs (2008-2018)
The following chart identifies the highest degree held by active licensed RNs. All degree categories identified by RNs experienced an overall increase since 2008 with the exception of diplomas which is a reflection of the absence of diploma nursing programs in Iowa and the aging workforce. There was a 15.7 percent increase between 2017 and 2018 for RNs who reported a doctorate as their highest degree. During this same time period, there was a 21.2 percent increase in RNs who specifically reported a doctoral level in nursing as their highest degree.
In addition, there was an increase of 5.5 percent during 2017-2018 timeframe among RNs who reported a BSN as their highest degree level and a 4.6 percent increase in baccalaureate degrees, overall. Nurses with Master’s degrees as their highest level of education more than doubled from 2008, with 3,065 reporting to 6,353 reporting in 2018. In 2018, over half (52.2%) of total RN licensees reported a highest degree kevel of a baccalaure-ate or higher.
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
Diploma 6,924 6,642 6,443 6,141 5,801 5,379 5,175 4,927 4,616 4,327 4,024
ADN/ASN 18,978 19,751 20,529 20,929 21,415 21,305 22,308 22,186 22,605 22,565 22,190
BSN 10,671 11,168 11,932 12,442 12,893 13,050 14,350 15,282 16,331 17,521 18,501
Other Baccalaureate 2,596 2,630 2,687 2,711 2,769 2,719 2,868 2,935 2,985 2,950 2,921
Masters 3,065 3,323 3,472 3,710 4,167 4,599 4,844 5,189 5,608 6,007 6,353
*Doctoral in Nursing 67 79 93 100 116 170 258 369 482 579 702
Other Doctorate 199 208 220 224 224 222 232 227 223 216 218
0
5,000
10,000
15,000
20,000
25,000
*For 2018, of the 702 doctoral in nursing degrees reported: 537 are Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP) degrees, 32 are other doctoral nursing degrees, and 133 are PhDs in nursing.
14
NURSING EDUCATION
NURSING EDUCATION PROGRAMS
For the purposes of this report, nursing programs are listed separately by site and type. In some instances, more than one site may share administration by a single program, a common philosophy, curriculum and faculty. Since 2010, the total number of nursing programs offered in Iowa has decreased by 6. From 2010 to 2014, available DNP programs saw the greatest increase, among all program levels, with a total of 5 programs being added.
There were 5 ADN/ASN programs added between 2011 and 2012 and LPN programs have declined from a high in 2010 of 37 to 26 programs in 2018. Professional master’s and Clinical Nurse Leader (CNL) master’s (pre-licensure) programs were discontinued in 2010. DNP programs were first introduced in 2008.
FIGURE 10: Number of Nursing Education Programs by Type (2010-2018)*
PhD in Nursing 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
DNP 1 3 4 4 6 6 6 6 6
Post-Master's 5 5 6 6 5 5 4 6 6
Master's 8 9 9 9 8 8 7 8 8
Professional Master's/
CNL (Pre-Licensure) Master's 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
BSN 19 18 19 19 20 20 20 20 20
ADN/ASN 35 31 36 36 36 36 33 34 34
Practical Nursing 37 33 34 34 31 31 30 28 26
Total 107 100 109 109 107 107 101 103 101
Program 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
i n 2 0 1 8 , 6. d o c t o r o f n u r s i n g p r a c t i c e p r o g r a m
t h e r e w e r e
i n 2 0 1 0 , i o w a h a d o n e
*Data collection for nursing programs has been modified. Numbers reported here have been revised and may not match data reported previously. ** There were 19 educational institutions who offered the ADN/ASN programs listed in this table. *** There were 15 educational institutions who offered the practical nursing programs listed in this table. ****There were 18 educational institutions who offered the BSN programs listed in this table.
15
ADMISSIONS DATA
Admission data is based on the number of students who have met program admission requirements and are taking nursing courses the first day classes meet for the reporting year. The following chart provides the total number of admissions per school year within graduate nursing programs in Iowa. During the 2018 school year 112 students were admitted into Iowa’s doctoral programs.
For the same school year 409 students were admitted into a master’s program. This represents a 58 percent decrease over the prior year. The availability of additional master’s programs from 2008 to 2011 may have accounted for the significant increase in admissions within this program type during the early years in this reporting period. (Figure 10).
9 13 5 8 5 6 1 1 5 8 8
267335
689
607
927
1,221
1,315
1,012
1,245
974
409
12 780 104 109 84 95 98
117 144104
0
200
400
600
800
1,000
1,200
1,400
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
PhD in Nursing Master's DNP
FIGURE 11: Admission Totals for Graduate Nursing Programs (2008-2018)
From 2011 to 2015, the number of students admitted into a master’s program increased by 66.7 percent, followed by a steep decline from 2016 to 2018. The rise in online graduate programs is likely responsible for the increased admissions from 2010 to 2014. However, the loss of one large online program which now reports in another state may explain the steep decline from 2017 to 2018.
m a st e r ’s p r o g r a m a d m i s s i o n s
f r o m 2 0 1 5 t o 2 0 1 8 ,
D E C R E A S E D B Y N E A R L Y 60%
16
20
3241
36
77
63
153
126
158
211
77
0
50
100
150
200
250
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
Post-Master's Certificate
The following chart provides the total number of admissions per school year within non-degree certificate nursing programs in Iowa. The post-master’s certificate program is designed for master’s prepared nurses pursuing advanced practice certification in a specialty area. The post-master’s certificate provides additional knowledge, clinical experience and competency for master’s prepared nurses who are seeking a role expansion or role change. During the 2018 school year 77 students were admitted into Iowa’s post-master’s certificate
programs. This represents a sharp decrease over the prior three years (126, 158 and 211). The addition of one online post-master’s certificate program in 2012 may account for the spike in admissions seen between 2013 and 2014. Likewise, the loss of one large online program which now reports in another state may explain the reason for the steep decline from 2017 to 2018. In 2018, there were no students on waiting lists for post-master’s certificate programs.
FIGURE 12: Admission Totals for Non-Degree Nursing Programs (2008-2018)*
p o s t - m a st e r ’ s c e r t i f i c at e
ADMISSIONS DECREASED BY 63.5%
f r o m 2 0 1 7 t o 2 0 1 8 ,
*No data available for non-degree certificate programs other than the post-master’s certificate
17
The chart below shows the total number of admissions per school year within pre-licensure and RN nursing programs in Iowa. During the 2018 school year 3,347 students were admitted into Iowa’s pre-licensure and RN programs. This represents a decrease of 28.5 percent over the last report in the 2015 school year. Two large ADN programs moved to stand-alone programs in 2015, eliminating their ladder
programs, which may have caused the dip in ADN admissions then. The loss of one large online program which now reports in another state may explain the steep decline from 2017 to 2018. In 2018, overall, the undergraduate RN programs which include: ADN/ASN and BSN (pre-licensure) degrees had 3,300 seats available with 3,282 applicants in the same year.
1,865
1,9942,051
2,133
2,377
2,238
2,1382,008
2,230
1,7781,910
1,588
1,772
2,347
2,001
2,244
2,6162,781
2,673
2,603
2,045
1,437
53 53 39
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
3,000
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
ADN/ASN BSN Professional Master's CNL (Pre-Licensure) Master's
FIGURE 13: Admission Totals for Pre-Licensure and RN Nursing Programs (2008-2018)
r n & p r e - l i c e n s u r e a d m i s s i o n s
28% D E C R E A S E D O V E R
The rise in BSN program admissions between 2008 and 2016 may be the result of enrollment increases in online RN to BSN programs and the Future of Nursing report encouraging BSN degrees.
(f r o m 2 0 1 5 t o 2 0 1 8 )
18
The following chart provides the total number of admissions per school year within practical nursing programs in Iowa. During the 2018 school year 1,428 students were admitted into Iowa’s LPN programs. This is an 18.4 percent decrease over the last reporting year in 2015 which indicated 1,749 admissions.
The downward trend in LPN admissions may be the result of programs moving from ladder programs to LPN and ADN stand-alone programs. For 2018, overall there were 1,490 LPN seats available for students and 1,428 admissions. Note: An unknown portion of practical nursing graduates proceed directly to RN programs.
2,428 2,437 2,379 2,317 2,288
2,0501,956
1,749 1,713
1,3351,428
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
3,000
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
Practical Nursing Programs (LPN)
FIGURE 14: Admission Totals for Practical Nursing Programs (2008-2018)
p r a c t i c a l n u r s i n g p r o g r a m
41% ADMISSIONS FELL BY OVER
f r o m 2 0 0 8 t o 2 0 1 8 ,
19
WAIT LIST DATA The heads of programs for the schools of nursing approved by the Iowa Board of Nursing self-report program data about the number of available seats for nursing students, qualified applicants for those seats, and the actual admissions for students who have met program criteria. For a variety of reasons, a school may admit more students than their stated available seats; this may offset enrollment fluctuations and anticipated attrition. Although admissions may be higher than the available seats, the actual enrollment
numbers and completion rates of students ultimately lead to the graduation statistics we see in the State. Overall, the data indicates there are more seats available in the schools of nursing than there are students to fill those seats. In the pre-licensure RN programs, there are three schools whose qualified applicants exceed the number admitted: This may be called "wait-listing" by those schools. When a student is wait-listed, someone may choose to attend school elsewhere, or attempt enrollment again in the next school year.
5
342
540
255
1,09
4
974
2,24
7
1,49
0
9
346
601
69
669
1,75
5
2,28
1
1,30
5
8 208
409
77
592
845
1,91
0
1,42
8
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
PhD DNP Master's * Post Master's RN to BSN * Pre-LicensureRN*
Assoc. DegreeRN
LPN
Seats Qualified Applicants Admissions
FIGURE 15: Available Seats Compared to Number of Qualified Applicants and Admissions (2017-2018)
Note: The raw totals for the Master's, RN to BSN and Pre-Licensure seats were adjusted to match the actual qualified applicants for some schools. For example, there were four online RN to BSN programs in the state who reported available seats at elevated numbers (999, 999, 999, 888). The total available seats in the RN to BSN category were adjusted to match the current qualified candidates for this illustration. Raw data is available, upon request. Attrition rates for the Associate Degree programs range from zero to 28% with three higher outliers. Attrition rates for the BSN programs range from zero to 18.9% with an average of 3.8%.
20
ENROLLMENT DATA
Enrollment data is based on the number of students who have met admission requirements, are accepted into the nursing program, and are taking the nursing courses as of October 15th of the reporting year. The following chart provides the total number of enrollments per school year within graduate nursing programs in Iowa.
During the 2018 school year 312 students were enrolled in Iowa’s doctoral programs, a decrease of 3.1 percent when compared to 2015.
For the 2018 school year 962 students were en-rolled in a master’s program. This represents a decrease of 57.4 percent increase over the 2015 reporting year. Between 2009 and 2011, two additional master’s programs became available in Iowa. This may account for the significant increase in enrollment within this program type during this period of time (Figure 10). The loss of one large online program which now reports in another state may explain the steep decline from 2017 to 2018.
41 25 48 43 45 33 27 30 23 22 23
589679
1,2001,312
1,633 1,618
2,130
2,257 2,281
1,966
962
21 50 92187
279 305 280 292 333 320 289
0
400
800
1,200
1,600
2,000
2,400
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
PhD in Nursing Master's DNP
FIGURE 16: Enrollment Totals for Graduate Nursing Programs (2008-2018)
f r o m 2 0 1 5 t o 2 0 1 8 ,
D O C TO R A L p r o g r a m e n r o l l m e n t
3% D R O P P E D B Y O V E R
21
The following chart provides the total enrollment level per school year within post-master’s certificate nursing programs in Iowa. During the 2018 school year 89 students were enrolled in Iowa’s post-master’s certificate programs. This represents a steep decrease of 61.3 percent over the prior year which had a total enrollment of 230.
The addition of one online post-master’s certificate program in 2012 may account for the spike in enrollment, then. Of the 214 enrolled, 155 students were in an online program. That same program is no longer reporting in Iowa which likely accounts for the significant drop from 2017 to 2018.
2842
59 6072
82
217 214
242230
89
0
40
80
120
160
200
240
280
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
Post-Master's Certificate
FIGURE 17: Enrollment Totals for Post-Master’s Certificate Nursing Programs (2008-2018)
p o s t - m a st e r ’ s c e r t i f i c at e
ENROLLMENT FELL BY 61.3%
f r o m 2 0 1 7 t o 2 0 1 8 ,
22
The chart below shows the total enrollment per school year within RN nursing programs in Iowa. During the 2018 school year 5,067 students were enrolled in Iowa’s RN programs. This represents a 25.7 percent decrease since the 2015 school year and a 3.56 percent increase since 2008.
ADN/ASN degree enrollment has rebounded again since the 2015 enrollment low of 2,095, with 2,290 students enrolled in 2018. Enrollment within BSN (RN completion) programs grew from 2008 to 2014 by 232.5 percent. Since 2015, the enrollments have decreased by 61.5 percent.
2,078
2,231
2,4932,406 2,394
2,199
2,572
2,095
2,240
2,1302,290
1,909
1,8461,829
1,7441,867
1,777 1,830
2,1442,240
2,135
1,773
838
1,693 1,8701,804
2,108
2,462
2,786
2,584
2,017
1,399
1,004
68
0
1,000
2,000
3,000
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
ADN/ASN BSN (Pre-Licensure) BSN (RN Completion) Professional Master's
FIGURE 18: Enrollment Totals for Pre-Licensure and RN Nursing Programs (2008-2018)
D E C R E A S E D B Y O V E R 25%
r n n u r s i n g p r o g r a m e n r o l l m e n t
(2015 to 2018)
23
The following chart provides the enrollment levels per school year within practical nursing programs in Iowa. In 2018, 1,222 students were enrolled in Iowa’s LPN programs. This is a 9.75 percent decrease over the prior 2015 report year which had an en-rollment of 1,354.
Enrollment in LPN programs in Iowa has trended downward for the last eight years. From 2010 to 2018 there has been a 50.3 percent decline in LPN program enrollment. The downward trend in LPN enrollment may be the result of the increased market demand for nurses to attain their BSN degrees.
2,233
2,039
2,458
1,9691,781
1,680
1,4361,354
1,225 1,2401,222
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
3,000
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
Practical Nursing Programs (LPN)
FIGURE 19: Enrollment Totals for Practical Nursing Programs (2008-2018)
50% p r a c t i c a l n u r s i n g p r o g r a m
ENROLLMENT DECLINED OVER
f r o m 2 0 1 0 t o 2 0 1 8 ,
24
9 11 3 11 10
6 7 25 3 2
156 162187
379
417400
358
591 589
525
255
7 6 17 12 15
70
81
65 6896 86
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
PhD in Nursing Master's DNP
FIGURE 20: Graduate Totals from Graduate Nursing Programs (2008-2018)
GRADUATION DATA
Graduation data is based on the number of students who have successfully completed the requirements of a nursing program, earned a degree in nursing, and were assigned a graduation date between August 1st and July 31st of the reporting year. The following chart provides the total number of graduates per school year from graduate nursing programs in Iowa. During the 2018 school year 88 students graduated from Iowa’s doctoral programs, an increase of 31.3 percent compared to the last report in 2015.
A total of 260 students have graduated from doctoral programs since 2015.
For the 2018 school year 255 students graduated from a master’s program. This represents a 51.4 percent decrease since 2017 and a 56.8 percent decrease since 2015. Between 2009 and 2011, two additional master’s programs became available in Iowa. This may account for the significant increase in graduation rates within this program type during this period of time (Figure 10). One large online program is no longer reporting in Iowa which likely accounts for the significant drop from 2017 to 2018.
m a st e r ’s p r o g r a m g r a d uat e s
f r o m 2 0 1 7 t o 2 0 1 8 ,
51% D R O P P E D B Y O V E R
25
The following chart provides the total number of graduates per school year from post-master’s certificate nursing programs in Iowa. During the 2018 school year 30 students graduated from Iowa’s post-master’s certificate programs. This is a 64.3 percent decrease over the prior year which had 84 graduates.
The addition of one online post-master’s certificate program in 2012 may account for the spike in the graduation levels from 2013 through 2017. The drop from 2017-2018 may be accounted for by the departure of one online course that no longer reports in Iowa. Enrollment and graduation numbers vary due to the length of programs, part-time or full-time student
1214 15
2024 25
45
55
85 84
30
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
Post-Master's Certificate
FIGURE 21: Graduate Totals from Post-Master’s Certificate Nursing Programs (2008-2018)
64% p o s t - m a st e r ’ s c e r t i f i c at e
PROGRAM GRADUATES
FELL BY MORE THAN
f r o m 2 0 1 7 t o 2 0 1 8 ,
26
The chart below shows the total graduates per school year from RN nursing programs in Iowa. During the 2018 school year 2,475 students graduated from Iowa’s RN programs. This represents a 30.2 percent decrease since the 2015 school year and a 20.6 percent decrease since the high number of 3,118 in 2013.
For the four school years from 2014 though 2017, the total graduates from the BSN programs combined (both RN completion and pre-licensure) outpaced the number of graduates from ADN/ASN degree programs.
1,386 1,3601,303
1,4751,559
1,700 1,689
1,597
1,411 1,183
1,276
662616 639 647
566
615
716
610668
741 775
616 572589 595
768803
1,037
1,341
1,465
1,089
424
5636 49
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
ADN/ASN BSN (Pre-Licensure) BSN (RN Completion) Professional Master's CNL (Pre-Licensure) Master's
FIGURE 22: Graduate Totals from Pre-Licensure and RN Nursing Programs (2008-2018)
I N C R E A S E D O V E R 17% (2008 to 2018)
B S N ( p r e ) p r o g r a m g r a d s
27
The following chart provides the graduate totals per school year from practical nursing programs in Iowa. In 2018, 800 students graduated from Iowa’s LPN programs. This is a 29.2 percent decrease over the prior report year in 2015 which had an enrollment of 1,131. Since 2008, there has been
an overall 170 student decrease in total graduates of 47.0 percent. Graduate levels in LPN programs in Iowa have trended downward for the years 2011—2017, with a slight increase in 2018. This follows the reports of decreases in enrollment within Iowa’s LPN programs.
1,5101,556 1,565
1,4931,440
1,332
1,2181,131
977
718800
0
400
800
1,200
1,600
2,000
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
Practical Nursing Programs (LPN)
FIGURE 23: Graduate Totals from Practical Nursing Programs (2008-2018)
p r a c t i c a l n u r s i n g p r o g r a m
GRADUATES DECLINED OVER 54%
b e t w e e n 2 0 1 0 a n d 2 0 1 7
28
81, 8.0%
296, 29.3%
259, 25.6%
107, 10.6% 111, 11.0%
99, 9.8%
57, 5.6%
<30 31-40 41-50 51-55 56-60 61-65 >65
59 a r e e x p ec t e d to R E T I R E
fa c u lt y m e m b e r s
within the next 2 years
FACULTY DATA
The following charts present the number of nursing program faculty in Iowa by age range in the 2015 school year and then in the 2017-2018 school year. In 2015, the methodology in survey collection was changed. Due to this, the age ranges of faculty collected 2010-2014 did not match the age ranges provided in 2015. Therefore, the current age information is not absolutely comparable to past years.
In general, Iowa nursing faculty has become increasingly younger. By 2015, 58.9 percent of faculty were 50 years old or younger and 40.6 percent were aged 51 years or older. In 2017, 62.9 percent of faculty were 50 years old or younger and 37.0 percent were aged 51 years or older. In 2017, the nursing programs in Iowa reported 43 total faculty vacancies (19 full-time, 4 part-time and 20 adjunct). In the next two years 59 faculty are expected to retire (35 full-time, 13 part-time and 11 adjunct).
FIGURE 24: Distribution of Faculty Members by Age Range (2015)
FIGURE 25: Distribution of Faculty Members by Age Range (2017)*
*Faculty members with unknown age are not included in above totals or percentages.
81, 8.5%
252, 26.4%
216, 22.6%
129, 13.5%
139, 14.6%
109, 11.4%
29, 3.0%
<30 31-40 41-50 51-55 56-60 61-65 >65
Note: Nursing program faculty in Iowa are highly educated. In 2017, over 60 percent of all faculty members had a master’s degree or higher. In addition, 35.9 percent had their baccalaureate. Faculty members who teach nursing theory must hold a master’s degree in nursing or an applicable field, or make progress toward such a degree.
29
CONCLUSION
The following table provides a comparison between the State of Iowa and the nation for various data points and provides the State with a benchmark for assessing its current position regarding its nursing workforce. There is a higher saturation of active nurses in the State of Iowa than in the nation with nearly 244 more nurses per 100,000 in population. Both the RN and LPN workforce is younger in Iowa than in the nation; with 37.1 percent of RNs in Iowa 39 years old or younger compared to only 28.9 percent nationwide. In addition, 42.1 percent of LPNs in Iowa are 39 years old or younger compared to 27.7 percent in the nation.
The State of Iowa has a lower percentage (52.2%) of RNs with a baccalaureate degree or higher than the nation (64.1%). Also, Iowa has a lower percentage (24.2%) of students enrolled in an RN-to-BSN nursing program than the nation (46.2%). This report on the nursing supply in Iowa is a high- level analysis of trends in workforce and available nursing education programs in Iowa as seen over the last 11 years. The healthcare landscape in the United States is shifting daily. With an aging workforce supply and ever increasing workforce demands, the picture in Iowa is similar to those of other states. Additional tracking of supply will continue through the licensure process and a demand survey is planned in the coming reporting period.
FIGURE 26: Comparison of Selected Data Points Between the State and the Nation
¹Statewide variables, unless otherwise noted, reflect data for the year 2018. National data sources include: Age data: 2008 Nurse Licensee Volume and NCLEX Examination Statistics & 2017 National Nursing Workforce Study; NCLEX Data: 2017 NCLEX® Examination Statistics,. Chicago, IL: National Council of State Boards of Nursing. 2018-2019 Enrollment and Graduations in Baccalaureate and Graduate Programs in Nursing. Washington, DC: American Association of Colleges of Nursing.
²Regarding the reported statewide number: licensees may or may not be actively employed in the State of Iowa.
Iowa Center for Nursing Workforce Iowa Board of Nursing
400 S.W. 8th Street Suite B Des Moines, IA 50309-4685
Tel: (515) 281-3255 Fax: (515) 281-4825
Web: https://nursing.iowa.gov
Report produced with assistance of: Iowa Workforce Development
Labor Market Information Division
