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NUMUG Survey(Second Edition)
Kenneth Wastrack
Tennessee Valley Authority
NUMUG Survey (Second Edition) 2 of 68
The Nuclear Utility Meteorological Data UsersGroup (NUMUG) was founded to provide a forum
to address problems and exchange ideas amongthose collecting and utilizing meteorological data
at nuclear power plants and facilities.
One of NUMUG's first activities was to compile adata base of meteorological monitoring programs
to help focus NUMUG's efforts. The originalsurvey was conducted during 1992 and the
results were presented in 1993.
NUMUG Survey (Second Edition) 3 of 68
The second edition of the NUMUG survey wasdeveloped by streamlining the original survey
and adding some new items.
The second edition of the survey was conductedduring 1997-1998 with results presented in 1999.
The second edition of the survey should beconsidered a supplement to the original survey.
NUMUG Survey (Second Edition) 4 of 68
Reasons for Updated Survey
• Facilities had made numerous changes. • Address maintenance and calibration, data
processing and archiving, and general administrative issues.
• Include Department of Energy (DOE) sites.
NUMUG Survey (Second Edition) 5 of 68
Survey Topic Areas
• Identification• Unit Information• Site Characteristics• Meteorological Tower
Information• Variables Monitored• Meteorological
Instrumentation
• Recording and Auxiliary Equipment
• Off-Site Data Sources• Maintenance and
Calibration• Data Processing and
Archiving• Administration
NUMUG Survey (Second Edition) 6 of 68
Survey Participation
Surveys Mailed 1992: 541997: 82
Responses to original survey only 18Responses to second edition survey only 12Responses to both surveys 15Total Responses 45
NUMUG Survey (Second Edition) 7 of 68
Facilities Included in Survey
- Power Plants in Second Edition- DOE Facilities in Second Edition only- DOE Facility in Both Editions- Power Plants in Original Edition only
NUMUG Survey (Second Edition) 8 of 68
Site CharacteristicsCoastal
Rolling
Inland
Complex
Lakefront
Urban
Valley
Rural
Flat
Riverfront
0 5 10 15 20 25
Number of Facilities
Coastal
Rolling
Inland
Complex
Lakefront
Urban
Valley
Rural
Flat
Riverfront
NUMUG Survey (Second Edition) 9 of 68
Number of Meteorological Towers
1 2 3 4 10 30 350
4
8
12
16
20
Number of Facilities
1 2 3 4 10 30 35
Number of Towers for Facility
NUMUG Survey (Second Edition) 10 of 68
Primary Meteorological Tower
<=40 41-50 51-60 61-70 71-80 81-90 91-100 >=1000
5
10
15
Number of Facilities
<=40 41-50 51-60 61-70 71-80 81-90 91-100 >=100
Height (meters)
<=500 501-1000
1001-1500
1501-2000
>=20000
5
10
Number ofPlants
<=500 501-1000
1001-1500
1501-2000
>=2000
Distance from Nearest Unit (meters)
Power Plants Only
NUMUG Survey (Second Edition) 11 of 68
Other Meteorological Towers
10 15 30 43 46 52 60 61 3040
10
20
30
40
Number ofTowers
10 15 30 43 46 52 60 61 304
Height (meters)
<=500 501-1000
1001-1500
1501-2000
>=2000012345
Number ofPlants
<=500 501-1000
1001-1500
1501-2000
>=2000
Distance from Nearest Unit (meters)
Power Plants Only
NUMUG Survey (Second Edition) 12 of 68
Variables Monitored
Wind Direction
Wind Speed
Air Temperature
Delta-T (Temp. Difference)
Dewpoint
Rainfall (Precipitation)
Solar Radiation
Atmospheric Pressure
Evaporation
Soil Temperature
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
Number of Facilities
Wind Direction
Wind Speed
Air Temperature
Delta-T (Temp. Difference)
Dewpoint
Rainfall (Precipitation)
Solar Radiation
Atmospheric Pressure
Evaporation
Soil Temperature
NUMUG Survey (Second Edition) 13 of 68
Sensor Manufacturers[WIND DIRECTION/SPEED]
0 2 4 6 8
Met One
Belfort
R. M. Young
Climatronics
Qualimetrics
Climet
Teledyne Geotech
Meteor. Research, Inc.
Number of Facilities
ActiveInactive
NUMUG Survey (Second Edition) 14 of 68
Sensor Manufacturers[AIR TEMPERATURE]
0 2 4 6 8
Weed
Rosemount
Met One
Climatronics
RdF Corp.
Campbell
Qualimetrics
Teledyne Geotech
Climet
Meteor. Research, Inc.
Number of Facilities
ActiveInactive
NUMUG Survey (Second Edition) 15 of 68
Sensor Manufacturers[DELTA-T (Temperature Difference)]
0 2 4 6 8
Met One
Climatronics
RdF Corp.
Rosemount
Teledyne Geotech
Climet
Meteor. Research, Inc.
Number of Facilities
ActiveInactive
NUMUG Survey (Second Edition) 16 of 68
Sensor Manufacturers[HUMIDITY/DEWPOINT]
0 1 2 3 4 5
Protimeter
General Eastern
Climatronics
Campbell
Met One
Teledyne Geotech
EG&G, Inc.
Meteor. Research, Inc.
Foxboro
Technical Services
Number of Facilities
ActiveInactive
NUMUG Survey (Second Edition) 17 of 68
Sensor Manufacturers[PRECIPITATION (RAINFALL)]
0 2 4 6 8
Met One
Climatronics
Qualimetrics
Belfort
Friez
Teledyne Geotech
Climet
Meteor. Research, Inc.
Number of Facilities
ActiveInactive
NUMUG Survey (Second Edition) 18 of 68
Sensor Manufacturers[AIR TEMPERATURE ASPIRATORS]
0 2 4 6
R. M. Young
Met One
Climatronics
Climet
Meteor. Research, Inc.
Teledyne Geotech
Weather Measure
Number of Facilities
ActiveInactive
NUMUG Survey (Second Edition) 19 of 68
Analog Recorders
• Strip-chart recorders output a continuous pen trace of directly-received electronic signal
• Hybrid recorders receive digital signal, perform internal processing, and print output as a series of closely spaced marks.
• Both types of recorders can include more that one data trace on a single chart.
NUMUG Survey (Second Edition) 20 of 68
Analog Recorders
0 5 10 15
Yokagawa
Westronics
Texas Instruments
Esterline-Angus
Leeds & Northrup
Angus
Meteor. Research, Inc.
Number of Facilities
HybridStrip-Chart
NUMUG Survey (Second Edition) 21 of 68
Digital Recorders• Usually receive numerous input data values for a
specified time period (generally 10 or 15 minutes and hourly).
• Perform calculations.• Output a single value that is representative of the
time period.• Output data are normally stored in electronic
format, may be printed locally, and transmitted to other sites.
NUMUG Survey (Second Edition) 22 of 68
Digital Recorders- Types -
Data Logger
Multi-point Recorder
Personal Computer
Plant Computer
Micro-Computer
Video Graphics
Digital Recorder
Mini-Computer
0 3 6 9 12 15
Number of Facilities
Data Logger
Multi-point Recorder
Personal Computer
Plant Computer
Micro-Computer
Video Graphics
Digital Recorder
Mini-Computer
NUMUG Survey (Second Edition) 23 of 68
Digital Recorders- Vendors -
Digital Equipment Corp.
Environ. Services Corp.
Esterline-Angus
Microtel
Yokagawa
IBM
Hewlett Packard
Climatronics
Cambell Scientific
Leeds & Northrup
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Number of Facilities
Digital Equipment Corp.
Environ. Services Corp.
Esterline-Angus
Microtel
Yokagawa
IBM
Hewlett Packard
Climatronics
Cambell Scientific
Leeds & Northrup
NUMUG Survey (Second Edition) 24 of 68
Off-site Data Sources
Surface Wx Stations
Other Power Plants
Weather Info. Svs.
Internet
Consultant
Unitversity
AFOS (NWS)
0 5 10 15
Number of Facilities
Surface Wx Stations
Other Power Plants
Weather Info. Svs.
Internet
Consultant
Unitversity
AFOS (NWS)
NUMUG Survey (Second Edition) 25 of 68
Maintenance and CalibrationServices
Calibration
In-house Staff63%
Contractor11%
Vendor26%
MaintenancePlant Staff
45%
Contractor33%
Off-site Staff22%
NUMUG Survey (Second Edition) 26 of 68
Maintenance/Calibrationand/or
Data Recovery Problems
CAUTION
Information concerning problems should be interpreted with care because of the relatively small total number of problems
actually listed.
A relatively minor problem at one or a few facilities included in the survey may look much more significant than is really
the case for the nuclear industry as a whole.
NUMUG Survey (Second Edition) 27 of 68
Problems(type)
Contamination
Bearing Failure
Switch Failure
Electronics
Sensor Failure
Corrosion
Obsolete
No Spare Parts
Weather Damage
Power Surges
0 2 4 6
Number of Facilities
Contamination
Bearing Failure
Switch Failure
Electronics
Sensor Failure
Corrosion
Obsolete
No Spare Parts
Weather Damage
Power Surges
NUMUG Survey (Second Edition) 28 of 68
Problems(component)
Dewpoint
Wind Speed
Switch Controller
Wind Direction
Temp. Aspir. Shield
Temperature
Uninter. Pwr Supply
Data Logger
Torque-Watch
0 2 4 6 8
Number of Facilities
Dewpoint
Wind Speed
Switch Controller
Wind Direction
Temp. Aspir. Shield
Temperature
Uninter. Pwr Supply
Data Logger
Torque-Watch
NUMUG Survey (Second Edition) 29 of 68
Problems(manufacturer)
Protimeter
Climet
Fluke
General Eastern
Teledyne Geotech
R. M. Young
Climatronics
Met. Research, Inc.
Therm-X
Powermark
Met One
0 1 2 3 4 5
Number of Facilities
Protimeter
Climet
Fluke
General Eastern
Teledyne Geotech
R. M. Young
Climatronics
Met. Research, Inc.
Therm-X
Powermark
Met One
NUMUG Survey (Second Edition) 30 of 68
Data Processing Practices[Data Reviews]
24
19
25
0
5
10
15
20
25
Meteorologist Technician SoftwareScreening
Nu
mb
er o
f F
acili
ties
NUMUG Survey (Second Edition) 31 of 68
Data Processing Practices[Data Adjustments]
2
15
18
21
2
0 5 10 15 20 25
NO Adjustments
Adjust based onCalibrations
Recover Data fromRecorders
DiscardQuestionable Data
Insert Off-site Data
Number of Facilities
NUMUG Survey (Second Edition) 32 of 68
Data Processing Practices[QA Records]
2
25
21
10
1
15
0 5 10 15 20 25
MET IS NOT QA
Calibrations
StandardCertifications
ValidationWorksheets
Met Logs
Data Results
Number of Facilities
NUMUG Survey (Second Edition) 33 of 68
Administration[Guidelines and Regulations]
18
20
13
5
5
4
1
0 5 10 15 20 25
ANS-2.5
NRC RG 1.23
NUREG-0654
Other NRC
NQA-1
DOE
EPA
Number of Facilities
NUMUG Survey (Second Edition) 34 of 68
Administration[Data Applications]
21
26
9
27
17
12
8
4
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
Operations
Dose Assessment
Forecasts
Emer. Preparedness
Modeling
Climatology
Research
Safety
Number of Facilities
NUMUG Survey (Second Edition) 35 of 68
Administration[Emergency Preparedness]
10 10
1719
0
5
10
15
20
NationalWeatherService
Contractor Meteorologist Trained Staff
Nu
mb
er o
f F
acili
tes
NUMUG Survey (Second Edition) 36 of 68
Using the NUMUG Data Base
• Design a new system or upgrade an existing system.
• Determine the best equipment for a particular site.
• Compare experiences with others concerning particular equipment.
• Compare monitoring programs for similar sites.
Information in the data base can be used to: