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Nucleic Acid Structure and Function
Function of DNA (DeoxyriboNucleic Acid)
Contains sections called “genes” that code for proteins.
These genes are what are passed on from parent to offspring.
Structure of DNA Discovered by James Watson (US) and
Francis Crick (UK) in 1954. Described the structure as a “double helix”
The Double Helix A twisted ladder
DNA is easier to view in its unwound shape:
A ladder with split rungs
Nucleotides are the Building Blocks of Nucleic Acids
There are 3 parts of the nucleotide: 5-Carbon (Pentose) Sugar Phosphate Nitrogen base
Nucleotide Structure
Sugar and Phosphate make the sides of the ladder
Nitrogen Bases make up the rungs of the ladder
Nitrogen Bases Broken down into 2 groups:
Double Ring Bases Adenine Guanine
Single Ring Bases Cytosine Thymine
Complementary Bases Complementary: Bases that pair to
form a hydrogen bond A – T G – C
Hydrogen bond
Molecular Structure Besides being twisted, the two strands of
DNA run in opposite directions
A 3-Rung DNA molecule