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RACEMAT: GREEN ELECTRICITY GENERATION FROM WASTES

ABDUL RASYID BIN RUSLANAHMAD HUZAIFAH BIN MOHD YUSOFF

SUPERVISOR: PROF. DR. MASHITAH MAT DON

MR. MUAZ BIN MOHD ZAINI MAKHTAR

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PROBLEM STATEMENT

Depletion of natural resources

High cost of activated sludge treatment and

limited space for landfills

Volume of solid and liquid wastes in wastewater

treatment plants ↑

Global warming ↑ Price of fossil

fuel ↑

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FROM WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANT WASTES

TO RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES

RACEMAT, AN ALTERNATIVE SOLUTION

W e l e a dRACEMAT : what is it?

RACEMAT is a device that use bacteria as the catalyst to oxidize organic and inorganic matters in biosolids. Electrons produced by bacteria from this biosolids are transferred to the anode and flow to the cathode linked by a conductive material containing a resistor. The anodes of this RACEMAT behave as bacteria’s typical electron acceptor and thus, the movement of the electrons to the cathode of this device through a resistor, generates electricity.

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TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION OF RACEMAT

Methods of transfer of electron from bacteria to electrode: Direct electron transfer (DET) Mediated electron transfer (MET) Biofilm / Nanowire

Cathode

Anode

Load (Resistance)

Activated sludge (Anaerobic zone)

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RELATIVELY SIMPLE TO CONSTRUCT

AND QUIET PERFORMANCE

NOVELTY

CHEAP, CLEAN AND SAFE(GREEN)

Electricity production using biosolids as substrate with bacteria as catalyst

HIGH EFFICIENCY AND DIRECT ELECTCITY

RECOVERY

RECYCLING OF SOLID WASTESSolve biosolids (activated sludge) disposal problem - by recycling it as substrate for cheap electricity resource

ALTERNATIVE RENEWABLE ENERGY

SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

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COMMERCIALIZATION POTENTIAL

Can be scalable to produce electricity at higher power/voltage

Simple and economical process Alternative renewable energy simultaneously

with wastewater treatment Great contribution to solve high cost for disposal

of biosolids/activated sludge Single chamber of microbial fuel cell can achieve

up to (0.3-0.7 V)

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COMPARISON BETWEEN CONVENTIONAL ELECTRICITY GENERATION AND RACEMAT

TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION CONVENTIONAL ELECTRICITY GENERATION RACEMAT

RAW MATERIAL Fossil fuel such as natural gas and diesel

Biosolid wastes from the wastewater treatment plant

AVAILABILITY OF RAW MATERIAL Fossil fuel resources around the world will be depleted soon

Biosolids was generated continuously from the residence and industry which is plenty and keep on increasing and free of charge

IMPACT TO ENVIRONMENTWould create greenhouse gas effect which will cause great global warming due to pollution

Solve environmental pollution by utilizing the biosolids/wastewater from the treatment plants

COST The cost of fossil fuel keep increasing over year

The cost is basically free due to activated sludge is an unwanted waste

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CHARACTERISITICS PRESENT PRODUCT (RACEMAT electricity generation from wastes)

COMMERCIAL PRODUCT / PROCESS (Example: Hydroelectric power)

Raw material Waste – Activated sludge Water

Abundance of raw material Plenty – Produce throughout the year from wastewater treatment plants

Depend on rainfall throughout the year

Cost of construction Cheap and relatively simple to construct

Very expensive due to large land area needed, and the materials for contruction of dam. Maintenance cost is very high

Impact to environment No negative impact to environment Construction of dam would destroy the environment due flooding to the surrounding area – destroy the “Orang Asli “ habitat

Problem to society Solve the problem for disposal of sludge and cleaner

Can create waster access problems to surrounding residence

COMPETITOR ANALYSIS

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IMPACT OF RACEMAT TOWARDS → →:

INDUSTRY: alternative renewable energy for electricity and wastewater treatment, opportunity for industries to generate their own electricity supply

ECONOMIC: alternative cheap renewable energy from wastes instead of non-renewable energy

SOCIETY: a cheaper renewable energy which is green and clean. By recycling biosolids/activated sludge, pollution due to its disposal can be reduced and provide free-pollution to the environment.

SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT: reduce utilization of non-renewable resource (gas/fossil fuels) for electricity and reduce pollution potential

recycling of wastes + generation of electricity → sustainable development

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