NPPC Pollution Prevention Strategies Module1 Pollution Prevention Strategies Critical Control Points & Critical Limits of Manure Handling

NPPC Pollution Prevention Strategies Module

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Pollution Prevention StrategiesPollution Prevention Strategies

Critical Control Points Critical Control Points

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Critical Limits of Manure HandlingCritical Limits of Manure Handling


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Instructional Overheads FormatInstructional Overheads Format

First major point

Second major point

Third major point


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Purpose of the PollutionPurpose of the PollutionPrevention Strategies ModulePrevention Strategies Module

Helps producers:• Understand environmental hazards of manure

handling.

• Identify critical control points.

• Develop format for regular monitoring.

Third party evaluation• Education/certification

Improve public image


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Principles of Hazard Analysis & Principles of Hazard Analysis & Critical Control PointsCritical Control Points

Identify hazards. Find critical control points. Establish critical limits. Monitor. Take corrective action if critical limits are

exceeded. Verify that the HACCP plan is working. Keep records on each critical control point.


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Hazards of Manure HandlingHazards of Manure Handling

More nutrients than the crop can utilize.

Too close to waterways, wells, etc.

Application on frozen ground.

To farm in advance of crop.

Leakage or discharge.


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Critical Control Points/Critical LimitsCritical Control Points/Critical Limits

CCP #1 - Manure GenerationCCP #1 - Manure Generation

Number and size of pigs

Water usage

Note: Actual storage time may differ from projections.


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Phase-of-Production Method for Estimating Manure Output

Phase No. Gal/day Total GalNursery 800 X .4 320Grow-Fin 1900 X 1.5 2850Sow/litter 40 X 5.0 200Gest sow 210 X 1.5 315Boar 13 X 1.9 25

Total 3710


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CCP #1 - Manure GenerationCCP #1 - Manure GenerationAnimal-Units Method

for Estimating Manure Output

Phase No. Weight, lb Total lb, KNursery 800 X 30 24Grow-Fin 1900 X 140 266Sow/litter 40 X 500 20Gest sow 210 X 375 79Boar 13 X 500 6Total 395

Total wt = 395,000 lbs = 395 animal units395 X 9 gal/animal unit = 3555 gal/day


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Application-Records Methodfor Estimating Manure Output

Phase No loads Volume, gal Total Gal, K

Nursery 58 X 2000 116

Grow-Fin 520 X 2000 1,040

Sow/litter 37 X 2000 74

Gest sow 62 X 2000 124

Total 699 X 2000 1,354


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Water usage contributes to manure output.

• Check flow rate in every waterer; adjust as needed.

• Consider adding a water meter to the main line.


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Rainfall contributes to manure volume.

• Outside manure storages are affected by rainfall and evaporation.

• Consider recent rainfall when monitoring manure storage levels.


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Critical limits:

• Monitor your manure output and compare it to calculated values.

• Excess output is not an environmental threat. Manure spreading costs are increased.


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CCP #2 - Manure StorageCCP #2 - Manure Storage

Integrity

Remaining capacity


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CCP #2 - Manure StorageCCP #2 - Manure Storage

Critical limits:

• Integrity

• Remaining capacity


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CCP #3 - Manure TransportationCCP #3 - Manure Transportation

Conventional spreader

Recycle system

Irrigation


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CCP #4 - Manure ApplicationCCP #4 - Manure Application

Rate - match to crop needs, soil and manure tests.

Method - incorporate or inject whenever possible.

Timing - just before crops require nutrients.

Run off - be cautious in high risk areas (on steep slopes, near ditches, and water sources).


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Weather conditions - rainfall, wind, temperature, humidity.

Utilization - be certain the crop can utilize all the nutrients.

Depth to ground water - be cautious with high water table.

Application log - where, when, rate, etc.


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Application rate

Application method

Potential for runoff


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Monitoring the Plan,Monitoring the Plan,

Taking Corrective Action,Taking Corrective Action,

Maintaining RecordsMaintaining Records


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Monitor, Correct, DocumentMonitor, Correct, Document

Monthly checklist

Manure application checklist and log

Annual checklist


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Monthly ChecklistMonthly Checklist

Keep track of manure output.

Monitor change in manure levels in storage.

Check storage for structural integrity and leaks.


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Manure Application Checklist & LogManure Application Checklist & Log

Check recycle/irrigation systems.

Check manure spreading equipment.

Apply manure according to plan.


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Manure Application Checklist & LogManure Application Checklist & Log

Important notations:

• Date and time

• Field ID

• Source and quality

• Application rate and number of loads

• Wind direction


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Annual Checklist & LogAnnual Checklist & Log

Manure storage okay

Manure spreading equipment/transport equipment okay.

Manure application according to plan

Well tests documented

Records kept for manure application and soil and manure analysis.


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Emergency Action PlanEmergency Action Plan


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The Emergency Action PlanThe Emergency Action Plan

Step-by-step process:

• Recognize and assess problem.

• Notify authorities.

• Enlist help.

• Take corrective action.

• Make a stand.


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How to develop the plan - Part I

• What types of emergencies are possible?

• Consider drainage patterns from your farm.

• Manager on duty can often correct minor problems.

• For major emergency, use a response team leader.


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How to develop the plan - Part II

• Consider the people who could offer assistance.

• What type of equipment will you need?

• Get access agreements to enter neighboring properties.

• Write the plan down and put it by the phone.


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Verification - Verification - Your Strategies Are WorkingYour Strategies Are Working

Implement a monthly and annual checklist.

Implement a manure checklist and log.

Conduct a third-party evaluation.


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Third Party EvaluationThird Party Evaluation


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Third Party EvaluationThird Party Evaluation

Purposes:

• Evaluation from someone outside the operation.

• Compare your practices to industry standards.

• Opportunity to certify operation.

• Good educational setting.


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Preparing for the EvaluationPreparing for the Evaluation

Have these records available:

• Water usage and rainfall

• Records of equipment maintenance and inspection

• Nutrient management plan, crop records, manure application logs

• Lab tests of wells, soil, manure

• Emergency action plan


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Conducting the EvaluationConducting the Evaluation

How you address:

• Manure generation

• Manure storage

• Manure transportation

• Manure application


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Each Evaluation FactorEach Evaluation Factor

Supporting comment

Range of answers and appropriate scores


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A Typical QuestionA Typical Question Do you have a current nutrient management plan?

(10 points)• Supporting comment - A nutrient management plan

specifies the application rate per acre based on type of crops and anticipated yields.

• Range of answers with scores in ( ):– (0) No plan

– (3) Unwritten plan, but reasonable approach

– (5) Written plan, not followed completely

– (10) Written plan implemented and updated


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Certification ProcessCertification Process

Scores for each question are recorded on a carbon data sheet.

Producer and evaluator keep a copy.

If point minimum is met, state organization may consider mailing certificate to producer.

340 points possible

272 suggested for certification


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Program SummaryProgram Summary


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SummarySummary

Why this program will work for you:

• Helps you organize your strategy.

• Supplies ready-to-use forms.

• Will help our industry step up to a new level of implementation.

• Provides a valid certification process.


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The Bottom Line -The Bottom Line -Develop Your StrategiesDevelop Your Strategies

Once a month - monitor generation & storage.

When you apply manure - write it down.

Once a year - review and update.

Documents

NPPC Pollution Prevention Strategies Module1 Pollution Prevention Strategies Critical Control Points & Critical Limits of Manure Handling