Nov18 Key Terms

8/8/2019 Nov18 Key Terms

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Definitions:

History Painting-Painting in which the subject matter is taken from classical, mythological, or biblical history. From theRenaissancetoNeoclassicism this was regarded in academic circles as the highest form of painting, for the artist had to show all his

talentsnot only the skill of eye and hand, but also his mastery of the often complex and erudite subject-matter.

Pointillism: Pointillism: a form of optical painting involving short lozenge-shaped dashes or dots of complementary colours,intended to obtain the optimum degree of luminosity and brilliance

a technique ofpaintingin which small, distinct dots of pure color are applied in patterns to form an image. developed the

technique in 1886, branching fromImpressionism. The technique relies on the ability of the eye and mind of the viewer tomix the color spots into a fuller range of tones. It is related toDivisionism, a more technical variant of the method.Divisionism is concerned with color theory, whereas pointillism is more focused on the specific style of brushwork used toapply the paint

Passage the breaking of the contours defining both the things depicted and the overall faceting so that surfaces appear to flowtogether, blurring above all the distinctions between solid form and space, foreground and background. The emphasis later placed onthe planar depiction of space, mass and volume arose from its usefulness in asserting the flatness of the support. The painting is seen

both to capture the palpable three-dimensionality of the world revealed to the eyes and to draw attention to itself as a two-dimensional

thing

Multiple Perspectivescreating the composition of a paining based on many different angles, or points of referenceLiberation of Color color is not mimetic (does not copy nature).

The GazeKnown as the new modern gaze, it is both intimate and distant. The new modernized Paris with wide boulevards, cafs,and a new opera house creates new opportunities for the act of seeing and being seen.

Plein-Air This is the practice of painting outdoors. Its popularity corresponds to the growing interest in the observation of naturalphenomena. Portable paint boxes and easels were developed to respond to the needs of outdoor painters

Oriental the term was long employed in the Western world to describe the east. Europeans responding to Orientalism invested theMiddle East with several false stereotypes. It was seen as a sensual paradise, full of mysterious, enticing pleasures but also primitive

and ripe for colonization by the superior Western nations.

Linearityobjects and figures have crisply drawn contoursPlanarity - objects and figures are parallel to the picture plane

Paintings

David, Oath of Horatii, 1784 85,as a proclamation of the new neoclassical style in which dramatic lighting, ideal forms,and gestural clarity are emphasized. Presenting a lofty moralistic (and by implication patriotic) theme.

He used lighting to ensinuate the manly effect and the woman use the dramaric white light to emphasis their femininity.
http://www.oxfordreference.com.mcc1.library.csulb.edu/views/ENTRY.html?subview=Main&entry=t4.e1437&category=http://www.oxfordreference.com.mcc1.library.csulb.edu/views/ENTRY.html?subview=Main&entry=t4.e1437&category=http://www.oxfordreference.com.mcc1.library.csulb.edu/views/ENTRY.html?subview=Main&entry=t4.e1150&category=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paintinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paintinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paintinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impressionismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impressionismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Divisionismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Divisionismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Divisionismhttp://www.oxfordreference.com.mcc1.library.csulb.edu/views/ENTRY.html?subview=Main&entry=t4.e1150&category=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paintinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impressionismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Divisionismhttp://www.oxfordreference.com.mcc1.library.csulb.edu/views/ENTRY.html?subview=Main&entry=t4.e1437&category=


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Francisco Goya. The Third of May, 1808. 1814-is a painting completed in 1814 by the Spanishpainter Francisco Goya, now in the Museo del Prado,Madrid. In the work, Goya sought to commemorate Spanish

resistance toNapoleon's armies during the occupation of 1808. it was commissioned by the provisional government of

Spain at Goya's suggestion.

The painting's content, presentation, and emotional force secure its status as a groundbreaking, archetypal image of the

horrors of war. Although it draws on many sources from both high and popular art, The Third of May 1808marks a clear

break from convention. Diverging from the traditions of Christian art and traditional depictions of war, it has no distinct

precedent, and is acknowledged as one of the first paintings of the modern era.[4]According to the art historian Kenneth

Clark,The Third of May 1808is "the first great picture which can be called revolutionary in every sense of the word, in

style, in subject, and in intention".[5]The Third of May 1808has inspired a number of other major paintings, including a

series bydouard Manet, andPablo Picasso'sMassacre in Koreaas well as his masterpieceGuernica.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francisco_Goyahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Museo_del_Pradohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Museo_del_Pradohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madridhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madridhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Napoleonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Napoleonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Napoleonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Third_of_May_1808#cite_note-3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Third_of_May_1808#cite_note-3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Third_of_May_1808#cite_note-3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kenneth_Clarkhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kenneth_Clarkhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kenneth_Clarkhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Third_of_May_1808#cite_note-4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Third_of_May_1808#cite_note-4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89douard_Manethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89douard_Manethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pablo_Picassohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pablo_Picassohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pablo_Picassohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Massacre_in_Koreahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Massacre_in_Koreahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Massacre_in_Koreahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guernica_(painting)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guernica_(painting)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guernica_(painting)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francisco_Goyahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Museo_del_Pradohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madridhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Napoleonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Third_of_May_1808#cite_note-3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kenneth_Clarkhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kenneth_Clarkhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Third_of_May_1808#cite_note-4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89douard_Manethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pablo_Picassohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Massacre_in_Koreahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guernica_(painting)


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Jean-Auguste-Dominique Ingres. Grand Odalisque. 1814The subject's elongated proportions,

reminiscent of 16th-centuryManneristpainters, reflect Ingres's search for the pure form of his model..is

anoil painting of 1814 byJean Auguste Dominique Ingresdepicting an odalisque, or concubine. Ingres'

contemporaries considered the work to signify Ingres' break fromNeoclassicism, indicating a shift toward

exotic Romanticism. Grande Odalisque attracted wide criticism when it was first shown. It has been

especially noted for the elongated proportions and lack of anatomical realism. The work is housed in

the Louvre inParis.

He portrays a concubine in languid pose as seen from behind with distorted proportions. The small head,

elongated limbs, and cool color scheme all reveal influences from Mannerists such asParmigianino,

[2]whoseMadonna with the Long Neck was also famous for anatomical distortion.1819, one critic remarked

that the work had "neither bones nor muscle, neither blood, nor life, nor relief, indeed nothing that

constitutes imitation".[3]This echoed the general view that Ingres had disregarded anatomical realism.

[4]Ingres instead favored long lines to convey curvature and sensuality, as well as abundant, even light to

tone down the volume.[4]Ingres continued to be criticized for his work until the mid-1820s.[2]
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mannerismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mannerismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oil_paintinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oil_paintinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean_Auguste_Dominique_Ingreshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean_Auguste_Dominique_Ingreshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean_Auguste_Dominique_Ingreshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Odalisquehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neoclassicismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neoclassicismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romanticismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louvrehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mannerismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parmigianinohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parmigianinohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grande_Odalisque#cite_note-Gardner-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grande_Odalisque#cite_note-Gardner-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madonna_with_the_Long_Neckhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madonna_with_the_Long_Neckhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grande_Odalisque#cite_note-ArtH-2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grande_Odalisque#cite_note-ArtH-2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grande_Odalisque#cite_note-Louvre-3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grande_Odalisque#cite_note-Louvre-3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grande_Odalisque#cite_note-Louvre-3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grande_Odalisque#cite_note-Louvre-3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grande_Odalisque#cite_note-Gardner-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grande_Odalisque#cite_note-Gardner-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mannerismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oil_paintinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean_Auguste_Dominique_Ingreshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Odalisquehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neoclassicismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romanticismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louvrehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mannerismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parmigianinohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grande_Odalisque#cite_note-Gardner-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madonna_with_the_Long_Neckhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grande_Odalisque#cite_note-ArtH-2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grande_Odalisque#cite_note-Louvre-3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grande_Odalisque#cite_note-Louvre-3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grande_Odalisque#cite_note-Gardner-1


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douard Manet. Luncheon on the Grass (Le Djeuner sur lHerbe). 1863 , its juxtaposition of a femalenudewith fully dressed men sparked controversy, Manet shocked the French It is not arealistpainting in the social or political sense

ofDaumier, but it is a statement in favor of the artist's individual freedom. The shock value of a woman, naked as can be, casually

lunching with two fully dressed men, which was an affront to the propriety of the time, was accentuated by the familiarity of the

figures. She is a prostitute. Her body is starkly lit and she stares directly at the viewer. The roughly painted background lacks depth

giving the viewer the impression that the scene is not taking place outdoors, but in a studio. This impression is reinforced by the use of

broad "photographic" light, which casts almost no shadows: in fact, the lighting of the scene is inconsistent and unnatural. The man on

the right wears a flat hat with a tassel, of a kind normally worn indoors.

Renoir, Moulin de la Galette, 1876 (this is not in your book, i will send separate attachment in anotheremail)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Female_nudehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Female_nudehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Female_nudehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Realism_(visual_arts)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Realism_(visual_arts)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Realism_(visual_arts)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Honor%C3%A9_Daumierhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Honor%C3%A9_Daumierhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Female_nudehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Female_nudehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Realism_(visual_arts)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Honor%C3%A9_Daumier


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Georges Seurat.A Sunday Afternoon on the Island of La Grande Jatte. 1884 1886 is a Pointillism thetechnique of using dots of pure color in such a way that, seen at the appropriate distance, they achieve maximum luminosity.Divisionism is a broader term meaning that it is possible to obtain brighter hues of color such as green, orange and purple, by a series

of dots (or blobs) of both primary colors so that they are optically intermingled in the spectators eye (rather than being pre-mixed)..

concentrating on the landscape of the park before focusing on the people; always their shapes, never their personalities.Even if the people in the park are pairs or groups, they still seem alone in their concision of form - alone but not lonely. Nofigure encroaches on another's space: all coexist in peace.The skirt of the woman in the center with a parasol is painted in anorange-pink hue. It casts a blue shadow. Her red jacket is seen against bright green grass. The orange dress of the young girl running

(to the right) has a blue-tinted shadow. The skirt of the woman with a parasol walking beside a man is predominantly purple so it

seems but is made up of a myriad of hues. Notice the lighter yellowish halo separating the skirt from the foreground grass,

particularly just behind her skirt. At the same time, Seurat defines form by brushstrokes: close, parallel strokes define the contour ofthe womans bustle. He continuously experiments in his manner of applying paint; in the sunlit grass, for example, short, even strokes

are laid over one another. It is clear that Seurat never followed any of the popular theories rigidly. His paintings are also intended to

convey social commentary. The Grande Jatte makes use of symbols. A monkey in French (and female) is known as singesse,

denoting a prostitute.

Henri Matisse. Le Bonheur de Vivre (The Joy of Life). 19051906

Henri Matisse did several versions of his Joy of Life painting. In this version, the artist has used bold, flat,contrasting colors to create a work with much impact. His simplified figures with strong outlines are allfinding their own peace in their own way, with some dancing, others relaxing, while the couple in thelower right are embracing each other.

Pablo Picasso. Les Demoiselles dAvignon (The Young Ladies of Avignon). 1907

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Nov18 Key Terms