Nov. 16 & 17, 2015:SS6H7 The student will explain conflict and

change in Europe to the 21st century.Russian Revolution

Statistics from WWI

Nation Total Number of

servicemen in the war.

Number of

deaths

Number of

soldierswounded

Number of men taken prisoner or reported missing

Austria 7,800,000 1,200,000 3,620,000 2,200,000

Britain 8,904,467 908,371 2,090,212 191,652

France 8,410,000 1,357,800 4,266,000 537,000

Germany 11,000,000 17,737,000 4,216,058 1,152,800

Italy 5,615,000 650,000 947,000 600,000

Russia 12,000,000 1,700,000 4,950,000 2,500,000

Turkey 2,850,000 325,000 400,000 250,000

U.S. 4,355,000 126,000 234,300 4,500

Some of the Technological Advances from WWI

• Tank

• Aircraft

• Machine Gun

• Gas used as a weapon

• Flamethrower

• Submarines (invented earlier, used more now)

Distributed Summarizing

Could World War I have been prevented? Why or why not? Would

we have had the technological advances without WWI?

Europe after WWIWatch and listen to the clip about Europe after World War I and discuss the questions below.

http://www.the-map-as-history.com/demos/tome03/index.php

Why do you think Russia signed a treaty to get out of World War I early? How did the map of Europe change after World War I? How do you think these changes affected people in

Europe?

What was Russia like during and after WWI?...

Russia: A Background

• Nicholas II – autocratic and ineffective• He ruled a country covering one-sixth of the

earth’s total land surface• He had massive personal wealth• He was backed by an army of 1 million and

secret police• Political parties banned – critics ended up in

prison or exile• Press was censored

Nicholas II (7:33 min)https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2OnTLEYbkds

Russia: A Background

• Many Russians worshipped the Tsar and peasants typically had a picture of the Tsar on a wall of their hut.

• His word was law• He appointed his ministers• But did not have to listen to them• AND could ‘hire and fire’ them at will• He was a true autocrat.

Warm-Up 11/18/15

• Why do you think the Russian people started losing faith in Czar Nicholas II?

• Do you think that WWI would have ended sooner if Russia stayed in the war the whole time? Why or why not?

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-gQ-s8W26LkRussia 1905 Bloody Sunday(9 min- movie clips)

Russia was…

• Only 40% ethnic Russians• 80% were peasants – subsistence farmers • 60%+ = illiterate• Life expectancy = 40• Low tech and low investment• Land ownership rare• Land owned by the Commune• It also organized taxes and allotted strips

of land to each household

Causes of the Russian Revolution

• Widespread suffering under autocracy—a form of government in which oneperson, in this case the czar, has absolute power• Weak leadership of Czar Nicholas II—clung to autocracy despite changing times• Poor working conditions, low wages, and hazards of industrialization• New revolutionary movements that believed a worker-run government shouldreplace czarist rule• Russian defeat in the Russo-Japanese War (1905), which led to rising unrest• Bloody Sunday, the massacre of unarmed protestors outside the palace, in 1905• Devastation of World War I—high casualties, economic ruin, widespread hunger• The March Revolution in 1917, in which soldiers who were brought in for crowdcontrol ultimately joined labor activists in calling “Down with the autocracy!”

Consequences• The government is taken over by the Bolshevik Party, led by V. I. Lenin; later, itwill be known as the Communist Party.• Farmland is distributed among farmers, and factories are given to workers.• Banks are nationalized and a national council is assembled to run the economy.• Russia pulls out of World War I, signing the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk, givingmuch land to Germany.• Czarist rule ends. Nicholas II, his wife and five children are executed.• Civil war, between Bolshevik (“red”) and anti-Bolshevik (“white”) forces, sweeps Russia from 1918 to 1920. Around 15 million die in conflict and the famine• The Russian economy is in shambles. Industrial production drops, trade all butceases, and skilled workers flee the country.• Lenin asserts his control by cruel methods such as the Gulag, a vast and brutalnetwork of prison camps for both criminals and political prisoners.

VIDEO MEDIA to SUPPORT:

United Streaming video clip: Russian Revolution (9:31 min)

http://player.discoveryeducation.com/?blnPreviewOnly=1&guidAssetId=ac3fe43d-f94f-494b-916e-c53c22ac7185

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=22nzopiyWx0overview (4 min)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UvoEFKZqT44(10 min)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FxNcCZ09JyA(12 min – very good explanation… but lecture style)