Nouns

Four types:

Common and Proper

Concrete and abstract

Common Nouns

• Name any group of persons, places, or things and are not capitalized:

• Scientist

• Woman

• Mountain

• Day

• building

Proper Nouns

• Are capitalized and refer to a particular person, place, thing, or idea:

• Sharon

• Mrs. C.

• Mount Everest

Concrete Nouns

• Can be perceived by the senses

• Cloud

• Tulip

• Thunder

• Silk

• yogurt

Abstract Nouns

• Name an idea, concept, feeling, quality, or characteristic

• Freedom

• Joy

• Beauty

• kindness

Nouns

• Usually are accompanied by a “determiner” such as

• The

• A

• An

Okay…so there’s one more

• Compound nouns: these consist of two or more words used together as a single noun.

• Firefighter

• Prime minister

• Sisters-in-law

But remember the formula:

The_______ (person, place, animal, thing, idea)

• Cat

• Dog

• Field

• Ball park

• truck

[1]Mercury is the planet nearest the sun. [2] Recently, data from spacecraft have shown astronomers that Mercury, like our Moon, is covered with crater. [3] The surface of Venus may also be cratered, but thick clouds of gas hide the landscape from telescopes. [4] Craters are formed when large meteorites, which are fragments of comets or asteroids collide with a planet or a planet’s satellite. [5] Some of the craters on the moon are 320 miles wide.

Bell Work: Please select the appropriate word for the sentence it accompanies. This

should be put in your journals.1)Like, OMG, take my (advice/advise), he is so not worth your time!

2)Okay, class (all together/altogether) now: “Happy Birthday!”

3)LOL, I just tripped and thought for sure I was going to (brake/break) my ankle!

4) Her presentation really (affected/effected) me on a personal level.

5) That report will create a ripple (affect/effect) on the economy.

6) Whoa! (Brake/Break) it up here – that means I want you to stop! You guys need to put on the (brakes/breaks).

Adjectives

• Defined, an adjective is a word used to describe (a.k.a. “modify”) a noun (or a pronoun…but that would be jumping ahead!)

Adjectives

• Answer the questions:

• What kind?

• Which one?

• How many?

What kind?

• Gray sky: what kind of sky?

• Old shoes: what kind of shoes?

• Clever dog: what kind of dog?

• Low price: what kind of price?

Which one?

• That girl: which girl?

• Next day: which day?

• Either way: which way?

• Last chance: which chance?

How many?

• Five fingers: how many?

• Many rivers: how many?

• Fewer hours: how many?

• Some problems: how many?

Notice that the ADJ always goes before the N:

• Gray sky

• Old shoes

• That girl

• Either way

• Many rivers

• Fewer hours

Let’s revisit the “test”.

• The_noun_.

• The _adjective_ _noun_Large

Old

Gray

Fat

Fewer

Least

most

shoes

Dog

Hair

Cat

Migraines

Freedom

joy

How are you doing so far?Any questions?

• Let’s try a few: Noun or Adjective?• Fabulous• Nightmarish• Friend• Exciting• Okra• Peace• Justice• some

Nouns behaving badly…

• Sometimes nouns behave like adjectives…this is when you must rely on context to determine the meaning:

• Cheese (N or ADJ)• Cheese sandwich (N or ADJ)• Sioux (N or ADJ)• Tribe (N or ADJ)• Sioux tribe (N or ADJ)• Texas (N or ADJ)• Texas coast (N or ADJ)

Noun or Adjective?

I love anything to do with [1] baseball.

I save the money I make mowing the [2] golf course, and then I go to the [3] card [4] store.

The [5] store owner sold me a terrific [6] Don Mattingly [7] card today.

It came in its own [8] plastic case.

I’ll display my new card with my other favorites in a special [9] glass [10] case on the wall in my room.

Parts of Speech Review

• Nouns:– Do they work with the “The” test?

• The ugly ______.

– Can you make them plural?– Is the word a person, place, animal, thing, or

idea?

Adjectives

• Answer the questions:– What Kind?– How many?– Which one?

• Adjectives only describe NOUNS.• Sometimes nouns behave like adjectives:

whenever 2 nouns are next to each other in a sentence, the first one will behave like the adjective:– The cheese sandwich.– The Texas ranch.

Today: Pronouns

• A pronoun is a word used in place of a noun or more than one noun.

• Usually a pronoun will refer to a noun that comes before it.– Gloria stepped back from the picture and looked at it

carefully.• IT is a pronoun, it refers to a noun that came before it. What

does “it” refer to in this sentence?

– Our teacher and Mr. Barnes said they would go to the meeting.

• Who does “they” refer to in this sentence?

Pronouns help us with redundancy

• Hideko invited me to a Japanese tea party at Hideko’s house.

• At first, the two children would eat only green beans, but after the two children learned to eat bread, the two children’s skin gradually lost the skin’s greenness.

Lots of types of Pronouns

• Personal Pronouns– I, my, mine, me– You, your, yours– He, his, him, she, her, hers, it, its– We, our, ours, us– They, their, theirs, them

But wait! There’s More…

• Myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself

• Ourselves, yourselves, themselves.

Hold on to your hats…

• Question words are classified as Pronouns.– Who…?– Whom…?– Whose…?– Which…?– What…?

Also, words that refer to things in general…

• All• Each• Another• Either• Everybody• Everyone• More• Most• Much• Some• somebody

And we can not forget about pronouns used to refer to a specific

person or thing..• This

• That

• These

• those

Yes! If nouns can behave badly…So can pronouns!

• I like that.

• Either will do.

• Sheila bought some.

• I like that shirt.

• Either car will do.

• Sheila bought some books.

[1] The tea ceremony at Hideko’s house didn’t look exactly like the one in this painting, but it had the same feeling.

[2] In Japan, Hideko said, they have special rooms for the tea ceremony, but we used her family’s living room.

[3]Hideko told me the purpose of the teas ceremony is to create a peaceful mood.

[4] In the ceremony everyone sits quietly and watches the tea being made.

[5] Hideko’s mother was our tea master, the person who conducts the ceremony and prepares the tea.

[6] Before entering the room for the ceremony, we took off our shoes.

[7] During the ceremony we kneeled on straw mats.