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Name:
www.mrpalermo.com
Regents Chemistry: Mr. Palermo
Notes: Unit 2: Naming
and Formula Writing
8/25/15
1
UNIT 2: NOMENCLATURE &
FORMULA WRITING WWW.MRPALERMO.COM
LESSON 1: NAMING & FORMULA WRITING (BINARY COMPOUNDS)
WWW.MRPALERMO.COM
OBJECTIVE: BY THE END OF THIS VIDEO
YOU WILL BE ABLE TO:
ü Identify the various parts of a chemical formula
ü Identify binary compounds by name ü Construct chemical formulas for
binary compounds
RECALL
• Coefficient: in front of Formula • Subscript: small # after an atom • Subscript after ( ) multiply everything
inside by that # Example: 2Ca(NO3)2
# of atoms of each substance in the formula above: 2Ca, 4N, 12O
EXAMPLE:
How many atoms of each substance are in the formula 3Na2SO4 ?
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CHECK YOUR UNDERSTANDING
ü Can you identify the various parts of a chemical formula
RECALL
• Elements cannot be broken down by physical or chemical changes.
• Compounds are composed of 2 or more elements that can be broken down by chemical change.
• What type of matter can be broken down by physical changes?
IONS
• Ions are elements with a charge. The reference table lists these charges for each element.
• If the element is positive, it is called a cation. • Cations are named the same as the element.
(Example: Ca=Calcium atom / Ca+2=Calcium ion)
• If the element in negative, it is called an anion. • Anions are named ending with “-ide”
(Example: N=Nitrogen atom / N-3 = Nitride ion)
EXAMPLE:
• Mg+2 • K+ • O-2 • F- • Li+ • I-
BINARY COMPOUNDS
• Binary Compounds consist of only two of elements.
Example: NaCl
NAMING BINARY COMPOUNDS
• Write the complete name of the first element.
• The second element should then be named using the first syllable with the ending
“-ide.” • NaCl sodium chloride • KI potassium iodide • MgCl2 magnesium chloride • Ca3N2 calcium nitride
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EXAMPLE
• Li3P • Al2S3 • SrBr2 • Rb2O • BaSe • CsI
CHECK YOUR UNDERSTANDING
ü Can you identify binary compounds by name
WRITING CHEMICAL FORMULAS
• Sum of charges (oxidation numbers) in a compound equal zero
• Ex. Na+1Cl-1 (+1) + (-1) = 0
WRITING FORMULAS
1. Write each ion separately with their charges
2. CRISS CROSS & REDUCE the charges not the signs
3. Write numbers as subscripts 4. Do not write 1’s
EXAMPLE:
• Compound containing Magnesium and Chlorine
Mg+2 Cl-1 MgCl2
EXAMPLE:
• Compound containing Barium and Oxygen
Ba+2 O-2 BaO
Ba2O2
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EXAMPLE:
Calcium and Fluorine CaF2
CHECK YOUR UNDERSTANDING
ü Can you construct chemical formulas for binary compounds
YOU SHOULD BE ABLE TO:
ü Identify the various parts of a chemical formula
ü Identify binary compounds by name ü Construct chemical formulas for
binary compounds
LESSON 2: NAMING & FORMULA WRITING (MULTIPLE CHARGES)
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OBJECTIVE: BY THE END OF THIS VIDEO
YOU WILL BE ABLE TO:
ü Identify binary compounds containing multiple charges by name using roman numerals
ü Construct chemical formulas for binary compounds containing multiple charges
PROBLEM:
• FeCl2 and FeCl3 are different compounds but seem to have the same name. How can we name them different?
• FeCl2 is iron (II) chloride FeCl3 is iron (III) chloride.
• What do the roman numerals represent?
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TRANSITION METALS AND NONMETALS
Transition Metals are in the middle group of the periodic table.
Nonmetals are on the right side of the staircase.
TRANSITION METALS AND NONMETALS
They can have multiple charges or oxidation numbers and so you must show which charge you are using with roman numerals:
Example: Iron (II) oxide
HOW TO DETERMINE THE CHARGE?
1. Find the charge of the anion (the element listed last in the formula) It will always be negative charge
2. Set the whole thing equal to zero (since compounds are always neutral)
3. Then solve for the the charge of the cation
Example: FeCl3
NAMING BINARY COMPOUNDS CONTAINING MULTIPLE CHARGES
4. Now name the compound as you did in lesson 1 except you indicate the charge of the cation (first element) with roman numerals
EXAMPLE
• FeCl2
• CuF
• Ni2O3
EXAMPLE
• N2O3
• SO4
• PCl3
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CHECK YOUR UNDERSTANDING
ü Can you identify binary compounds containing multiple charges by name using roman numerals
WRITING CHEMICAL FORMULAS
Example: cobalt (II) chloride chromium (III) oxide nitrogen (II) fluoride
CHECK YOUR UNDERSTANDING
ü Can you construct chemical formulas for binary compounds containing multiple charges
YOU SHOULD BE ABLE TO:
ü Identify binary compounds containing multiple charges by name
ü Construct chemical formulas for binary compounds containing multiple charges
LESSON 3: NAMING & FORMULA WRITING (TERTIARY COMPOUNDS)
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OBJECTIVE: BY THE END OF THIS VIDEO
YOU WILL BE ABLE TO:
ü Identify tertiary compounds containing polyatomic ions by name
ü Construct chemical formulas for tertiary compounds containing polyatomic ions
8/25/15
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TERTIARY COMPOUNDS
• When compounds have more than 2 elements, it contains a polyatomic ion (TABLE E).
• Polyatomic ion are a group of 2 or more atoms that are bonded very strongly and act as one ion. They bond with other ions to for compounds.
Example: NO3-1
NAMING TERTIARY COMPOUNDS
• Follow same rules as naming binary compounds except:
• The polyatomic ions on TABLE E are named according to the table
Example: NaNO3 Sodium Nitrate
EXAMPLE
• CaCO3 calcium carbonate • LiClO2 lithium chlorite • NaOH sodium hydroxide • (NH4)3PO4 ammonium phosphate
CHECK YOUR UNDERSTANDING
ü Identify tertiary compounds containing poly atomic ions by name
WRITING FORMULAS CONTAINING POLYATOMIC IONS
• Same as Binary Compounds - Never change the polyatomic ion
subscripts - If more than 1 polyatomic ion put in
parenthesis followed by subscript
EXAMPLE
• Write the formula for ammonium chloride
NH4+1 Cl-1 NH4Cl
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EXAMPLE:
• Write the formula for Lithium Carbonate
Li+1 CO3-2 Li2CO3
EXAMPLE:
• Write the formula for Calcium Hydroxide
Ca+2 OH-1 Ca(OH)2
CHECK YOUR UNDERSTANDING
ü Construct chemical formulas for tertiary compounds containing polyatomic ions
YOU SHOULD BE ABLE TO:
ü Identify tertiary compounds containing polyatomic ions by name
ü Construct chemical formulas for tertiary compounds containing polyatomic ions