NOTES: Subunit 4.1 (Changes in European Thought...)

Name:______________________________________ Period: ______ Mr. Richmond AP World History – Subunit 4.1: Changes in European Thought and Power

EUROPE: Getting its Act Together Lesson 3.5.9 Important Stuff: What were the economic and social effects of the Black Death on Europe?

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How did the Black Death change religious outlook in Europe?

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How did European trade shift after the fall of Constantinople?

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Key Vocabulary Decameron _______________________________________________________________________________

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Secular _______________________________________________________________________________

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Ottoman Turks _______________________________________________________________________________

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This is your “note packet” for this Subunit. As you read through the text, search for the key vocabulary terms, names, and dates as they appear. In this packet, you will need to provide good, well-constructed definitions or explanations for each in your own words.

Also, each lesson contains three key “Important Stuff” questions. These also must be answered in this packet. Both complete sentences and complete thoughts are

required. This is a major part of your grade, and will be due on the day of the exam.

Total Score ______ / 100

Due:

Ottoman Empire _______________________________________________________________________________

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Bombard Cannons _______________________________________________________________________________

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Hanseatic League _______________________________________________________________________________

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Hansa _______________________________________________________________________________

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Commercial Revolution

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Imbalance of Trade _______________________________________________________________________________

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Key People Giovanni Boccaccio _______________________________________________________________________________

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Osman I _______________________________________________________________________________

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Key Dates 1453 _______________________________________________________________________________

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EUROPE: The Italian Renaissance Lesson 4.1.1 Important Stuff: How did humanism and individualism change the culture of Europe?

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How did the political situation in Italy differ from the rest of Europe?

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How did wealthy families contribute to new artistic and literary ideas?

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Key Vocabulary Renaissance _______________________________________________________________________________

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Humanism _______________________________________________________________________________

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Individualism _______________________________________________________________________________

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“Father of Humanism”

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Virtú _______________________________________________________________________________

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Quattrocento _______________________________________________________________________________

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Italian City-States Famous For: Milan

Venice

Florence

Papal States

Kingdom of Naples

Usury _______________________________________________________________________________

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Oligarchy _______________________________________________________________________________

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Plutocracy _______________________________________________________________________________

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Patrons _______________________________________________________________________________

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Key People Petrarch _______________________________________________________________________________

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Key Dates 1300-1600 _______________________________________________________________________________

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EUROPE: A Cultural “Rebirth” Lesson 4.1.2 Important Stuff: What impact did the city of Florence have on the culture of the Renaissance?

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Who were the “Three Fountains?” What achievements are they known for? (NOTE: You may need to check 3.5.9 for Boccaccio and 4.1.1 for Petrarch!)

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What was the importance of vernacular literature to European culture?

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Key Vocabulary Florence, Italy _______________________________________________________________________________

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Signoria _______________________________________________________________________________

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Podesta _______________________________________________________________________________

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Medici Family _______________________________________________________________________________

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Arti _______________________________________________________________________________

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“Renaissance Man”

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Vernacular _______________________________________________________________________________

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The Divine Comedy and The Inferno

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The Prince _______________________________________________________________________________

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Key People Cosimo de Medici _______________________________________________________________________________

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Lorenzo de Medici (Lorenzo “The Magnificent”)

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Lorenzo Ghiberti _______________________________________________________________________________

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Donotello and Giambologna

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Raphael Sanzio and Sandro Botticelli

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Leonardo da Vinci _______________________________________________________________________________

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Michelangelo Buonarroti (“Michelangelo”)

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Dante Alighieri _______________________________________________________________________________

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Niccolò Machiavelli

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Key Dates 1401 _______________________________________________________________________________

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EUROPE: The Northern Renaissance Lesson 4.1.3 Important Stuff: In what ways did the Northern Renaissance differ from the changes in Italy?

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What impact did the Printing Press have on Europe?

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What factors led to the Renaissance in Germany, Spain, and France?

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Key Vocabulary Northern Renaissance

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Christian Humanism

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Hapsburg Family _______________________________________________________________________________

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Printing Press _______________________________________________________________________________

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Gargantua and Pentagruel

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Key People Albrecht Dürer _______________________________________________________________________________

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Nicholas of Cusa _______________________________________________________________________________

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Regiomontanus _______________________________________________________________________________

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Martin Behaim and Johannes Schoner

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Johannes Gutenberg

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Rembrant van Rijn, Pieter Bruegel the Elder, and Hieronymus Bosch

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Miguel de Cervantes and Lope de Vega

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Bartolome Estaban Murillo, Domenikas El Greco, and Diego Velazquez

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Francisco Suárez _______________________________________________________________________________

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Francis I _______________________________________________________________________________

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Henry II _______________________________________________________________________________

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Rabelais _______________________________________________________________________________

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Michel de Montaigne

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Key Dates 1450 _______________________________________________________________________________

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1469 _______________________________________________________________________________

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1492 _______________________________________________________________________________

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EUROPE: The Protestant Reformation Lesson 4.1.4 Important Stuff: What factors and individuals led to a decline in the power of the Church?

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What “abuses” were criticized by critics of the Catholic Church?

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What were indulgences, and how did they impact critics of the Church?

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Key Vocabulary Wycliffe’s Bible _______________________________________________________________________________

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Lollards _______________________________________________________________________________

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Hussite Movement _______________________________________________________________________________

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Hussite Wars _______________________________________________________________________________

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Mysticism _______________________________________________________________________________

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Simony _______________________________________________________________________________

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Nepotism _______________________________________________________________________________

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Purgatory _______________________________________________________________________________

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Indulgences _______________________________________________________________________________

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The 95 Theses _______________________________________________________________________________

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Protestant Reformation

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Key People John Wycliffe _______________________________________________________________________________

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Jan Hus _______________________________________________________________________________

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Meister Eckhart _______________________________________________________________________________

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Thomas à Kempis _______________________________________________________________________________

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Johann Tetzel _______________________________________________________________________________

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Martin Luther _______________________________________________________________________________

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Key Dates 1419-1434 _______________________________________________________________________________

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October 31, 1517 _______________________________________________________________________________

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(WBS) CHRISTIANITY: The Protestant Church Lesson 4.1.5 Important Stuff: What are the basic tenants of Protestant Christianity?

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How did Calvin’s understanding of faith differ from the ideas of Luther?

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In terms of overall leadership and doctrine, how does Protestantism compare to other Christian varieties?

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Key Vocabulary Protestantism _______________________________________________________________________________

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Lutheranism _______________________________________________________________________________

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The 5 Major “Basics” of Protestant Belief:

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2

3

4

5

Anabaptists _______________________________________________________________________________

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Millenarians _______________________________________________________________________________

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Calvinism _______________________________________________________________________________

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Geneva _______________________________________________________________________________

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Predestination _______________________________________________________________________________

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“The Elect” _______________________________________________________________________________

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Puritan Work Ethic _______________________________________________________________________________

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The Institutes of the Christian Religion

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Varieties of Calvinism

Presbyterians

Hugenots

Puritans

Pentacostalism (Charismatic Christianity)

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Key People Pope Leo X _______________________________________________________________________________

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Huldreich Zwingli _______________________________________________________________________________

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John Calvin _______________________________________________________________________________

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EUROPE: The Counter-Reformation Lesson 4.1.6 Important Stuff: What was the Catholic Counter-Reformation, and what were its goals?

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What was the Society of Jesus, and what methods did they employ?

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What were the results of the Council of Trent and the Counter-Reformation?

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Key Vocabulary The Diet of Worms _______________________________________________________________________________

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Counter-Reformation

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Society of Jesus (The Jesuits)

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Inquisitions _______________________________________________________________________________

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The Index of Prohibited Books

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Council of Trent _______________________________________________________________________________

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Baroque (Style) _______________________________________________________________________________

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Key People Charles V _______________________________________________________________________________

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Frederick the Wise _______________________________________________________________________________

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Paul III _______________________________________________________________________________

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Ignatius Loyola _______________________________________________________________________________

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Key Dates 1520 _______________________________________________________________________________

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January 1521 _______________________________________________________________________________

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1534 _______________________________________________________________________________

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1540 _______________________________________________________________________________

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1542 _______________________________________________________________________________

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1545-1563 _______________________________________________________________________________

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ENGLAND: The Tudor Dynasty Lesson 4.1.7 Important Stuff: How did the Tudors rise to power? What is their importance to England?

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How did the English turn toward Protestantism differ from other regions?

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Why is the reign of Elizabeth I known as the “Golden Age” of England?

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Key Vocabulary Tudor Dynasty _______________________________________________________________________________

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Wars of the Roses _______________________________________________________________________________

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Divine Right _______________________________________________________________________________

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Act of Supremacy _______________________________________________________________________________

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Anglican Church (Anglicanism)

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Statute of the Six Articles

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Episcopalianism _______________________________________________________________________________

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“Virgin Queen” _______________________________________________________________________________

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Elizabethan Age _______________________________________________________________________________

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Key People Richard III _______________________________________________________________________________

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Henry Tudor (Henry VII)

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Henry VIII _______________________________________________________________________________

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Catherine of Aragon

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Edward VI _______________________________________________________________________________

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Mary I (Bloody Mary)

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Elizabeth I _______________________________________________________________________________

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Key Dates 1455-1487 _______________________________________________________________________________

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1485-1603 _______________________________________________________________________________

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1533 _______________________________________________________________________________

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1534 _______________________________________________________________________________

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1539 _______________________________________________________________________________

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1558-1603 _______________________________________________________________________________

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EUROPE: The Wars of Religion Lesson 4.1.8 Important Stuff: How and where did conflict between Catholics and Protestants break out into military struggles?

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What is the significance of the Spanish Armada’s defeat?

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What was the 30 Years’ War, and what were its results on Western Europe?

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Key Vocabulary The Peasants’ War _______________________________________________________________________________

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Diet of Speyer _______________________________________________________________________________

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Schmalkaldic League

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Peace of Augsburg _______________________________________________________________________________

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Privateers _______________________________________________________________________________

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Spanish Armada _______________________________________________________________________________

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House of Valois _______________________________________________________________________________

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French Wars of Religion

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St. Bartholomew’s Day Massacre

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Edict of Nantes _______________________________________________________________________________

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House of Bourbon _______________________________________________________________________________

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Thirty Years’ War _______________________________________________________________________________

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Treaty of Westphalia

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Brandenburg (Prussia)

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Key People Philip II (Spain) _______________________________________________________________________________

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Henry Navarre (Henry IV)

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Key Dates 1524-1526 _______________________________________________________________________________

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1526 _______________________________________________________________________________

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1529 _______________________________________________________________________________

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1562-1598 _______________________________________________________________________________

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1588 _______________________________________________________________________________

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1589-1610 _______________________________________________________________________________

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1598 _______________________________________________________________________________

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1618-1648 _______________________________________________________________________________

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RUSSIA: Growing a Russian Empire Lesson 4.1.9 Important Stuff: What foreign culture offered the most cultural influence to the early Rus’? What cultural aspects did they offer?

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How did Moscow come to be a major center of power among the Rus’?

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What contributions did Ivan III and Ivan IV make to the growing Russian state?

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Key Vocabulary Novgorod _______________________________________________________________________________

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Kiev _______________________________________________________________________________

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Grand Prince of Kiev

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Kievan Rus’ _______________________________________________________________________________

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Boyars _______________________________________________________________________________

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Russkaya Pravda _______________________________________________________________________________

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Moscow _______________________________________________________________________________

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Grand Duchy of Moscow (Muscovy)

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Tsar (Czar) _______________________________________________________________________________

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Cossacks _______________________________________________________________________________

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Russian Empire _______________________________________________________________________________

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Time of Troubles _______________________________________________________________________________

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Romanov Dynasty _______________________________________________________________________________

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Key People Vladimir of Kiev _______________________________________________________________________________

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Yaroslav _______________________________________________________________________________

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Ivan III (Ivan the Great)

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Ivan IV (Ivan the Terrible)

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Mikhail Romanov _______________________________________________________________________________

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Key Dates 880 _______________________________________________________________________________

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1240 _______________________________________________________________________________

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1480 _______________________________________________________________________________

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1598 _______________________________________________________________________________

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1613 _______________________________________________________________________________

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