Notes 1. Defmitions and Principles

1. SCYPT: A Special Statement for Delegates Attending the Arts Council of Great Britain Conference: Theatre in Education (1984).

2. John Russell Brown, Effective Theatre (London: Heinemann, 1986) p. 79.

3. As argued in R. G. Collingwood, The Principles of Art (London: Oxford University Press, 1958) p. 152.

4. Martin Esslin, An Anatomy of Drama (London: Abacus, 1978) p. 109.

5. Ibid., p. 111. 6. Moses Goldberg, Children's Theatre: A Philosophy

and a Method (Prentice-Hall, 1974) pp. 8~84. 7. Janice Jarvis and Roger Chamberlain, 'Acting in

Theatre in Education', SCYPT Journal, vol. 11, pp. 14-25.

229

Theatre for the Young

8. See The Drama Advisory Panel's Children's Theatre Working Party Report (February 1977-November 1978) Section 5.

9. Michael Billington, in the Guardian, 3 December 1982.

10. David Wood, 'Professional Theatre for Children- a Poor Relation?', London Drama, vol. 5, no. 8, pp. 8-9.

11. Collingwood, Principles of Art, p. 78. 12. Gavin Bolton in Learning Through Theatre, ed. Tony

Jackson (Manchester: Manchester University Press, 1980) p. 77.

13. Ibid. 14. Eric Bentley, The Theatre of Commitment (London:

Methuen, 1954) p. 213. 15. Collingwood, Principles of Art, p. 279. 16. Roy Kift, 'Getting to GRIPS with Children's Thea­

tre', Theatre Quarterly, vol. x, no. 39, p. 70. 17. John Arden, 'On Comedy', Encore, Sep­

tember-October 1965, p. 16. 18. Collingwood, Principles of Art, p. 280. 19. Tony Jackson (ed.), Learning Through Theatre,

p. 22. 20. Joan Aiken, The Way to Write for Children (London:

Elm Tree Books, 1982) p. 19. 21. Peter Coveney, The Image of Childhood (Harmonds­

worth: Penguin Books, 1967) p. 32.

2. History and Evolution

1. Aidan Chambers, Plays for Young People to Read and Perform (London: Signal, 1982) p. 3ff.

230

Notes

2. John O'Toole, Theatre in Education (London: Hodder and Stoughton, 1976) p. 13.

3. Cora Williams, Bolton TIE, quoted in O'Toole, Theatre in Education, p. 14.

4. Ibid., p. 88. 5. Ibid., p. 113. 6. Christine Redington, Can Theatre Teach? (Oxford

Pergamon, 1983) p. 94. 7. Tony Jackson (ed.), Learning Through Theatre (Man­

chester: Manchester University Press, 1980) p. 17. 8. See Redington, Can Theatre Teach? For this and

certain other historical information, I am much in­debted to this author.

9. Jackson (ed.), Learning Through Theatre, Introduc­tion, p. xiii.

10. Arts Council of Great Britain, A Policy for Theatre for Young People (1986).

3. The Present Scene

1. Arts Council of Great Britain, A Policy for Theatre for Young People (1986).

2. Norman Tebbit, quoted in The Journal (Newcastle upon Tyne) 28 March 1983.

3. Christine Redington, Can Theatre Teach? (Oxford: Pergamon, 1983) p. 104.

4. Merseyside YPT brochure (1983). 5. Richard Gill, The Story of Polka (rev. ed, 1983) 6. Ibid. 7. Richard Gill, 'The Enchanted Theatre', London

Drama, vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 12-13. 8. Observer Magazine, 25 February 1978.

231

Theatre for the Young

4. Fantasy in a Traditional Mould

1. Peter Coveney, The Image of Childhood (Harmonds­worth: Penguin, 1967) p. 251

2. Irene McManus in the Guardian, 20 December 1982. 3. Trevor Nunn in The Times Educational Supplement,

10 December 1982. 4. Michael Billington in the Guardian, 18 December

1982. 5. Robert Cushman in the Observer, 19 December 1982. 6. Heather Neill in The Times Educational Supplement,

1983. 7. Cushman, Observer. 8. Ibid. 9. Brian Way, Introduction to Finocchio (Dobson,

1954) p. 8. 10. Aidan Chambers, Plays for Young People to Read

and Perform (London: Signal, 1982) p. 65. 11. Brian Way, Development Through Drama (London:

Longmans, 1967) p. 219. 12. Way, Introduction to Finocchio, p. 8. 13. Chambers, Plays for Young People, p. 60. 14. David Wood, letter to Jeff Mercer, 19 March 1984. 15. Ibid. 16. Keith Nurse in the Daily Telegraph, 17 November

1983. 17. Carol Wilks in the Guardian. 18. Joyce McMillan in the Guardian, 20 December 1985. 19. Cordelia Oliver in the Guardian. 20. Joyce McMillan in the Guardian, 20 December 1985. 21. Joyce McMillan in the Guardian, 21 December 1984. 22. Joyce McMillan in the Guardian, 12 December 1986. 23. Ibid.

232

Notes

24. John Holt, How Children Fail (Harmondsworth: Pen-guin, 1969) p. 139.

25. Jack Cross in the Guardian, 20 September 1983. 26. Ibid. 27. Hazel Wilkinson in the Guardian, 4 October 1983. 28. Pat Friday in the Guardian, 25 October 1983.

5. New Fantasy

1. Rosalind Asquith, 'Children's Theatre', in Dreams and Deconstructions, ed. Sandy Craig (Amber Lane Press, 1980) p. 89.

2. Ibid., p. 90. 3. The Guardian, 6 October 1987. 4. Ibid. 5. Asquith, Dreams and Deconstructions, p. 88. 6. Aidan Chambers, Plays for Young People to Read

and Perform (London: Signal 1982) p. 22. 7. Asquith, Dreams and Deconstructions, p. 33. 8. Chambers, Plays for Young People, p. 34. 9. Ibid., p. 24.

6. 'Social Realism' and Plays Based on Political Issues

1. See SCYPT Journal, vol. 10. 2. Les Smith in Stage by Stage, published by West

Midlands Arts (1983/4) p. 5. 3. Pam Schweitzer, Theatre in Education (London:

Methuen, 1980) p. 9. 4. Paul Swift, interviewed by Geoff Gillham in SCYPT

Journal, vol. 10, p. 15.

233

Theatre for the Young

5. Raj (London: Amber Lane Press, 1984) p. 63. 6. Ibid. 7. John Arden, 'On Comedy', in Encore, September/

October 1965, p. 16. 8. Wyllie Longmore, SCYPT Journal, vol. 10, p. 17. 9. David Holman, SCYPT Journal, vol. 7, p. 35.

10. Ibid. 11. Joyce McMillan in the Guardian, 20 February 1987. 12. Ibid. 13. Holman, SCYPT Journal, vol. 7, p. 32.

7. 'Social Realism' and Plays Based on other Issues

1. Eric Bentley, Theatre of Commitment (London: Me­thuen, 1954) p. 224.

2. Roy Kift, 'Getting to GRIPS with Children's Thea-tre', in Theatre Quarterly, vol. 10, no. 39, p. 63.

3. Ibid. 4. Ibid., p. 64. 5. Ibid., pp. 67-8. 6. Programme note. 7. Roy Kift, 'A GRIPS Casebook', in Theatre Quarterly,

vol. 10, no. 39, p. 73 8. Ibid.

8. Postscript

1. Neil Postman, The Disappearance of Childhood (Lon-don: W. H. Allen, 1982) pp. 93-4.

2. SCYPT Journal, vol. 10, p. 19. 3. Ibid., p. 21. 4. David Wood, letter to Alan England, 12 July 1988.

234

Notes

5. Ibid. 6. Tricia Lomax, 'The Two Jerusalems', in SCYPT

Journal, vol. 18, p. 3. 7. Wood, letter to Alan England. 8. Ibid. 9. Ibid.

235

Index ABC 51-2, 176, 177, 182-3,

184-5 Actor Prepares, An 11 Actors in Schools 31 Admirable Crichton 73 Aiken, Joan 14-15, 27, 57 Aladdin 107 Albee, Edward 133 Allen, Jim 42 All in Stitches 60-1, 203-8,

209 Amersham Repertory

Company 20 Anderson, Miles, 76 Animal Farm 155 Antidote to Dream 49 Antigone 33 Apprentices 21 Arden, John 13, 21, 22,

174, 190 Aristotle 49 Arkansaw Bear, The 129,

134-7, 138

Arthur Rosebud's Revelation 97' 199-202, 208

Arts Council of Great Britain 7, 19-20, 25--6, 28, 29, 31, 33, 34, 35-40, 42,61, 105,158,225

Arts Theatre 55 Asquith, Rosalind 127, 140 ASSITEJ 17, 22, 57 Asterix 140 Aston, Peri 60 Ayckboum, Alan 57

Barrie, J. M. 69, 70, 71, 72-4, 77, 90, 95--6

Barter, Nicholas 33, 55, 56, 57, 203, 224

Baum, Frank 87-8 BCTA 17,21 Beano 30, 140, 146 Belgrade Theatre 22 Belgrade Theatre

Company 35, 37

236

Index

Bentley, Eric 11-12, 195 Berman, Ed 28 Best of Friends 50, 52,

215-19 Bettelheim, Bruno 233 Better in the Long

Run 158-62, 166 Bhanji, Annalyn 169 Billington, Michael 7-'0, 12,

76, 78, 221 Birmingham

Hippodrome 119 Birtwistle, Sue 30 Blatchley, John 125 Bogdanov, Michael 32, 33,

114, 116, 117 Bolt, Robert 27 Bolton, Gavin 10--11, 26-7 Bolton Studio Theatre 32,

185 Bond, Edward 157 Borderline Company 104 Boucicault, Nina 74 Bowsprit Company 26 Boyd, Michael 193 Bradley, Alfred 87-8 Bradwell, Mike 137, 138 Brecht, Bertolt 11, 18, 35,

204 Brenton, Howard 214 Brighton, Pam 30 Brown, Councillor 43 Brown, John Russell 3--4 Burn, Paul 48 Business of Good

Government, The 22 Byrne, David 166

Campbell, Ken 30--1, 57, 80, 140, 141, 145, 146-7, 149, 201

Carne, Rosalind 47 Carroll, L. 78 Carter, Angela 107 Chambers, Aidan 17, 80,

88, 140, 154 Changing Gear 108--13, 134 Charlie and the Chocolate

Factory 137-'0 Cheesman, Peter 30, 141 Child Drama 20 Cider with Rosie 191 Cinderella 105 Citizens Theatre,

Glasgow 106-7 City Limits 48 Clarke, Phil 219 Clause 28 50--1, 219 CND 45 Cockpit Arts Workshop 32,

49, 53 Cockpit Studio Theatre 29 Coffey, Denise 33 Collingwood, R. G. 8--9, 12,

13 Collodi, Carlo 78, 80 Common Stock Theatre

Company 123-7, 134 Company of Wolves 107 Compass Players 19 Conference on Peace and

Conflict Studios 44 Council for the

Encouragement of Music in the Arts 19

Council of Regional Arts Associations 36

Court Jester, The 142 Coveney, Peter 15, 70 Coventry TIE Company 32 Coward, Noel 21 Craft, Ruth 108

237

Index

Cresswell, Helen 59 Croft, Michael 21 Cross, Jack 116, 119-20 Crucible Theatre,

Sheffield 36--7, 41, 74-{), 78, 105, 137, 191, 192

Crucible Theatre Company 74-{), 191-5

Cullen, Alan 120, 131 Cushman, R. 76, 77, 78

Dahl, Roald 137 Daily Mail 46 Daily Telegraph 46, 48, 100 Dandy 140, 146 Day in the Death of Joe Egg,

A 196, 209 Daylight Theatre

Company 32, 199-202 DeJongh, Nicholas 40 De La Mare, Walter 70 Dead Ahead 166 Dead Easy 129-34, 136,

138, 140, 208 Dear Suraiya ... Love

Rehana 175-6 Derby Playhouse 82, 101 Derby Playhouse

Company 82-7, 90-3 Development Through

Drama 26, 83 Devine, George 20, 22 Disappearance of Childhood,

The 222 Disappeared, The 176 Disney, Walt 35, 136 Doncaster Arts

Cooperative 42-3 Drama Broadsheet 10 Du Maurier, Gerald 73 Duke of York's Theatre 66

Duke's Playhouse 210

Education Act, 1944 19 Education of Skinny Spew,

The 214 Edgar, David 158 Edinburgh King's Head 105 English, John 20 English Stage Company 21 English Touring

Company 137-8 Esslin, Martin 4 Everyman 129 Example 32, 44, 195-9

Field, Anthony 40-2 Flibberty and the

Penguin 33, 88-9 Freedom Train 35 Friday, Pat 121-2 Frohman, Charles 66 Fulton, Rikki 105

Gaining Ground 162-6 Gandhi 167 Gawaine and the Green

Knight 176 Gazebo Company 50 Gibbs, Matyelok 29 Gingerbread Man 8, 32, 62,

89-94 Gill, Richard 26, 33, 57-60,

61, 62, 224 Gillham, Geoff 167, 170 Glory of the Garden 36,

37-9 Glyndebourne Children's

Theatre 20 Goetzee, P. 163 Goldberg, Moses 5-7, 31,

53

238

Index

Golden Masque of Agamemnon, The

GoldfiSh Bowl, The

Holt, John 113-14 32, 113 Honer, Chris 83 125-7, Hughes, Ted 27

134 Gordon, Marvin 35 Gould, John 33, 61 Gowrie, Lord 40 Graeae 38 Grahame, Kenneth 18, 78,

87 Greater London Council 45,

46,54 Greenwich Youth

Theatre 26 Greenwich YPT 26 Greenwood, Walter 159 Greig, Noel 50, 51, 215,

219, 220 Griffiths, Trevor 43 GRIPS 57, 60, 202, 208, 210 Guardian 7, 40, 41-2, 47,

48, 54, 55, 116, 120

Half Moon Company 175 Hall, Peter 55 Hall, Rick 186, 189 Harman, Paul 53, 112, 203,

204 Harris, Aurand 129 Harrogate YPT

Company 34, 38, 39 Havergal, Giles 106 Hawes, Chris 210, 214 Heathcote, Dorothy 26--7 Heile Heile Segen 203 Hiawatha 55, 114-22, 134 Hijack over Hygenia 89 Hill, S. 47, 57 Holman, David 32, 45,

51-2, 176--7, 180, 181, 182, 185, 189, 224

ICA 29 ILEA 49 Inter-Action Trust 28 Inuit 176 Ireland, Vicky 224-60

Jack and the Beanstalk 105 Jellico, Ann 27 Jenner, Caryl 20, 29 Jerome, Roger 59--60 Jewel in the Crown 167 Job Creation Scheme 32 Johnson, A. J. 48 Johnston, David 31, 46, 53,

59 Jones, Ursula 129

Kane, John 88 Kay, Mike 37 Kaye, Danny 142 Kenny, Mike 169, 172 Kift, Roy 12, 57, 60, 202-3,

208-9, 210, 214 Kinlock, Maggie 181

Land of Oz, The 103 Laurel and Hardy 140 Lawrence, Chris 10 Lawrence, D. H. 119 Leeds Playhouse 103 Leeds TIE Company 37, 52,

166, 167, 169, 170-5 Lehr Stiicke 18 Lilford Mill 175 Living Newspaper 18 Livings, Henry 57 Local Authority Bill 50, 52

239

Index

London Arts Laboratory 28 Longfellow 114 Longmore, Wyllie 169, 172

174 ' Look Back in Anger 21 Lord Chamberlain 28, 42 Love on the Dole 159 Ludvig, Volker 60, 203

MacKinley, Jean Stirling 17 Malleson, Miles 41, 42 Manpower Services

Commission 50 Maories, Missionaries and

Muskets 30 Marowitz, Charles 28 Max und Milli 203 McGrath, John 41-2, 43 McManus, Irene 74 McMillan, Joyce 49, 103,

104-7, 181, 182 McNeil, Frances 188 Meg and Mog Show, The 89 Merseyside YPT 52-3, 108,

110-13, 204, 223 Middleton, C. 53 Midlands Arts Centre 20 Midnight's Children 167 Midsummer Night's Dream,

A 49,54 Milligan, Spike 140 Mills, Joan 30 Milne, A. A. 78, 87 Mitchell, Adrian 56 M6 Theatre Company 32,

34, 37, 38, 39

Napier, J. 78 National Council for Young

People's Theatre 26

National Theatre 29, 31, 33, 55, 114, 116

National Theatre Company 116-22

National Youth Theatre 21, 22,29

Neill, Heather 77 New York State Council for

the Arts 35 Nicholas Nickle by 77, 78 Nichols, Peter 196 Niddala 107-8 1983 45-8, 176 No Pasaran 32, 37, 176,

177, 185-8, 190 Nottingham Playhouse 94,

176, 185 Nottingham Playhouse

Company 30 Nuffield Foundation 20 Nunn, Trevor 71, 76 Nurse, Keith 100

0 What a Lovely War 185 Oi for England 43 Old King Cole 30, 140-54 Old Vic Theatre 17 Oliver, Cordelia 104 Oliver, Stephen 78 On his Own Two

Feet 210-15 Open Space Theatre 28, 29 Osborne, John 21, 28 O'Toole, John 22--4, 25 Owl and the Pussycat Went to

See, The 27, 88

Palace Theatre, Newark 98 Pantomime 17, 61, 102-7,

134 Payne's Plough 158

240

Index

Peacemaker 45, 48, 49, 176, 1~2

Perdition 42 Performing Arts Repertory

Theatre 35 Perspectives Theatre

Company 50, 52, 107-8, 162-6, 218

Peter and Penny's Panto 104 Peter Pan 17, 66--78, 89, 90,

95-6, 191 Piero Plays his Part 60 Pinocchio, Carlo

Collodi 78-80 Pinocchio, Brian Way 20,

8G--2 Pinocchio, Gary

Yershon 82-7 Pinter, Harold 21 Piscator, E. 17 Pitcher Plant, The 49 Pitprop Company 175-6 Plague of Innocence 219-20 Plotters of Cabbage Patch

Corner 12-13, 88 Polka Children's

Theatre 26, 33, 55, 57, 59,60,203,204-8,224

Postman, Neil 222, 223, 227 Pow Wow 37 Pringle, Bryan 74 Provision of Theatre for

Young People 26 Pygmalion 113

Railway Children, The 191 Raison, Timothy 137 Raj 37, 166--75, 178, 201 Rao, May 108 Rare Earth 176 Read, Nick 60

Redington, Christine 24-5, 52

Red Riding Hood 106, 107 Rees-Mogg, Sir William 36,

37-8, 40 Refugee 188-90 Regional Arts

Associations 36, 39 Rittner, Luke 40 Robinson, Rony 194 Rose, Ron 43 Roundabout TIE

Company 30, 43, 53, 185-90, 196--99

Royal Court Theatre 21, 22, 28, 30, 42

Royal Court Theatre Upstairs 29

Royal Shakespeare Company 29, 33, 76-8, 88, 158

Rudge, Myles 106 Rudkin, David 57 Rushdie, Salman 167 Ruskin, Sheila 27 Rylance, Mark 76--7

Sandbox, The 133 Schweitzer, Pam 157 Scottish Children's

Theatre 17 SCYPT 1-2, 17, 31, 49, 51,

52,157,177,189,223 SCYPT Conference

(1983) 183, 184 SCYPT Journal 167, 170,

174, 177 Secret Garden, The 191 Selfish Shellfish, The 61, 62,

89, 97-102, 123, 127 7.84 Company 37, 41, 42

241

Seventh Seal, The 129 Shared Experience 158 Shaw, G. B. 11, 12, 113 Shaw Theatre 29 Sheffield University Drama

Studio 152 Sheffield University Staff

Dramatic Society 141, 147-54

Showcase (Crucible) 37 Showcase (New York) 35 Simpson, N. F. 72 Sir Gawaine and the Green

Knight 33 Six Men of Dorset 41 Skungpoomery 141 Slade, Peter 18, 19, 20-1 Smash and Grab 60 Smith, Euan 193, 194 Smith, Les 157 Stage, The 62 Stanislavsky, K. 7, 11 Stevenson, R. L. 60, 73,

191 Stronger Than

Superman 208--10, 214 Sun 46 Sunday Times 46 Susumu's Story 45, 48, 49,

101, 176--80, 181 Sutcliffe, Tom 40 Sweetie Pie 30 Swift, Paul 166, 167, 169

Taylor, Kenneth Allan 54 Tebbitt, Norman 46 Terson, Peter 21, 27 Thatcher, Margaret 34, 40 Theater Am

Schiffbauerdamm 204

Index

Theater der Freundschaft 138--40

Theatre About Glasgow 49, 181

Theatre and Education 36 Theatre Centre 20, 45, 52,

153-4,159,178--85,225 Theatregoround 29 There Was an Old

Woman 89, 93-7 Things that Go Bump in the

Night 203 Thwarting of Baron

Bolligrew, The 27 Times Educational

Supplement 30 Toad of Toad Hall 18 Tom Sawyer 35 Town Mouse, Country

Mouse 60 Treasure Island, Richard

Gill 60 Treasure Island, Euan

Smith 191-5 Treasure Island, R. L.

Stevenson 73 Turton, Alan 108 Tutankhamun 60

Ugly Duckling, The 104 Under Milk Wood 33 Unicorn Theatre 20, 26, 29,

33, 55-7, 203, 224

Vandergift, K. 125 Vanguard Theatre

Company 37, 50, 130-4, 210-15, 218--20, 225

Veit, Christian 60, 203 Venables, Clare 74-5 Victoria Theatre 141

242

Vogelkopp 138-40 Vrabcove, Marjanka 60

Waddell, Bertha 17, 18 Waiting for Godot 21 Wallis, Chris 9fr-7, 158,

159, 224 Washington Square

Players 135-7 Watkin, Roger 46 Way, Brian fr-7, 9-10, 12,

18-19, 20, 23, 26, 27, 31, 75, 80-2,84,86,136

Weill, Kurt 84, 85 Wendt, Albert 138 Wesker, Arnold 21, 28 West of England Children's

Theatre Company 19 Wet Paint 166 Whalley, Joanne 74 Whirligig 61, 62, 98-102,

225 Wilcox, Paula 74 Wiles, John 32-3, 113 Wilkinson, Hazel 120

Index

Wilks, Carol 103 Wind in the Willows,

The 18, 35, 60, 87 Wizard of Oz, The 87, 136 Wolsey Theatre

Company 49 Women Beware Women 53 Wonderful Lamp 60 Wood, David 8, 10, 12-13,

27, 32, 33, 61-2, 88-91, 93, 96, 97, 98, 99, 100, 101, 102, 103, 123, 176, 179, 181, 224, 225-6

Workers Revolutionary Party 157

Wyatt, Stephen 195

Young Vic 29, 31, 33, 62 Young Vic Players 20, 114 Young Writers' Festival 30 York YPT 52, 158, 159-62,

224

Zigger Zagger 21

243