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NOTES#2
InternalAnatomy&SystemsofArthropods
C.S.
WhyShouldICareAboutArthropods?• HorseshoeCrabshaveblueblood,whichcansaveyourlife!• Theirbloodisbluebecauseitcontainscopper-basedcells(calledamebocytes)• Thesecellsarepartofthecrab’simmunesystemresponse,andidentifyandtraptoxinsthatthreatenthecrab
Informationonthisslideobtainedfrom:http://www.cnn.com/2014/09/04/health/this-crabs-blood-could-save-your-life/
•Thesecellssosensitivethattheycoulddetectagrainofsandsizedtoxininaswimmingpool
•Today,allvaccinesandmedicalequipmentusedtotreathumansarerequiredtopassthe“HorseshoeCrabbloodtest”beforetheFDAwillapprovethemformedicaluse
C.S.
LearningObjectives&QuestionAgenda
•WhataretherolesofArthropodbodysystems(Respiratory,Circulatory,andExcretory)?
•HowdoArthropodseat?
•HowdoArthropodsmove?
•HowdoArthropodsrespondtostimuli?
•HowdoArthropodsreproduce?C.S.
ArthropodBodySystems• RespiratorySystem• Responsibleforobtainingoxygen• Aquaticarthropodshavegills,whileterrestrialarthropodshavetrachealtubesorbooklungs• Gillsandbooklungshaveveryhighsurfaceareatomaximizeoxygenobtainment
• CirculatorySystem• Responsiblefordeliveringnutrientstocellsandremovingcellwastes
• ExcretorySystem• Malpighiantubesareresponsiblefor
removingwastesfromthebody• *NotallArthropodshavethese
C.S.
ArthropodResponsetoStimuli- Vision• “MostArthropodshaveonepairoflargecompoundeyes”• Compound,meansthateacheyeconsistsofmanyindividualvisualunits.Theirbrainsuseeachindividualimageandpiecethemtogether,likeapuzzle,intoamorecompleximage.(McGraw-HillEducation,2017)
• Grasshoppershave5eyes:• Onepair(=2eyes)ofcompoundeyeswhichhelpsthemseetheenvironment• 3simpleeyeswhichcandetectthepresence/absenceoflight
C.S.
ArthropodResponsetoStimuli– Hearing&Chemicals
•Hearing•Manyarthropodshaveatympanum =“aflatmembraneusedforhearing”(McGraw-Hill,2017)
• Thetympanumvibratesassoundwavespassoverit
•Chemicals•Pheromones arechemicalsusedforsignaling&communication•Differentsignalfordifferentpurposes(e.g.feedingvs.mating)
C.S.
ArthropodResponsetoStimuli– Movement&Reproduction•Movement
•Anarthropod’smusclesareattachedtotheinsideofitsexoskeleton• Thisisdifferent thanhumans;ourmusclesareattachedtobone
•Reproduction•Mostreproducesexually•Mostspecieshavetwosexes(male&female),butsomearehermaphroditic
C.S.
ReferencesAntImage:http://www.gardenmandy.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/09/how-to-kill-ants-in-house.jpg
ArthropodGillandBooklungImage:McGrawHillEducation.(2017).Biology.Pg.766.
ArthropodMuscleImage:http://www.jayreimer.com/TEXTBOOK/ebook/products/0-13-115516-4/sb4043f1.png
BicepImage:http://img.webmd.com/dtmcms/live/webmd/consumer_assets/site_images/articles/image_article_collections/anatomy_pages/493x335_bicep.jpg?resize=646px:*&output-quality=100
CopperPennyImage:http://www.atticmag.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/09/dec-clr-copper3-435.jpg
GrasshopperEyeImage:https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Polistes_ocelli.jpg/220px-Polistes_ocelli.jpg
HorseshoeCrabbloodImage:http://img.izismile.com/img/img4/20110816/640/amazing_horseshoe_crabs_with_blue_blood_640_20.jpg
MosquitoCompoundEyeImage:McGrawHillEducation.(2017).Biology.Pg.768.C.S.