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North/Union vs. South/Confederacy North’s Advantages Navy- can blockade S. to stop European support Industry- North can make war materials (guns, clothes, trains) Dollars- N. has 4x’s the wealth of South Population- 30 mil. in N vs. 8 mil. Whites in S. ?Which advantage is South’s Advantages Defensive War- South does not have to take land Officers- planter’s sons educated at military schools Revolution/Freedom- S. believes in it’s cause N. Disadvantage- can N. overcome distances to invade S. ?Which advantage is most important to South

North/Union vs. South/Confederacy

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North/Union vs. South/Confederacy . North’s Advantages. South’s Advantages. Defensive War- South does not have to take land Officers- planter’s sons educated at military schools Revolution/Freedom- S. believes in it’s cause N. Disadvantage- can N. overcome distances to invade S. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Page 1: North/Union vs. South/Confederacy

North/Union vs. South/Confederacy

North’s Advantages• Navy- can blockade S. to stop

European support• Industry- North can make war

materials (guns, clothes, trains)• Dollars- N. has 4x’s the wealth

of South• Population- 30 mil. in N vs. 8

mil. Whites in S.– ?Which advantage is most

important? Why?

South’s Advantages• Defensive War- South does not

have to take land• Officers- planter’s sons

educated at military schools• Revolution/Freedom- S.

believes in it’s cause• N. Disadvantage- can N.

overcome distances to invade S.– ?Which advantage is most

important to South

Page 2: North/Union vs. South/Confederacy

The American Civil WarThe Recipe for War

Failure of Compromise

Kansas-Nebraska Act

Uncle Tom’s Cabin

Dred Scott Decision

John Brown’s RaidElection of

Abraham Lincoln

Page 3: North/Union vs. South/Confederacy

1- Maine becomes a free state2- Missouri becomes a slave state3- Slavery will be outlawed in any new state north of Missouri’s southern border

Missouri Compromise

Page 4: North/Union vs. South/Confederacy

1- California becomes a free state2- popular sovereignty would be used to decide if slavery would be allowed in New Mexico3-New Mexico and Utah become slave states4- Stronger Fugitive Slave law

Compromise of 1850

Page 5: North/Union vs. South/Confederacy

Uncle Tom’s Cabin (published 1852)

By Harriet Beecher Stowe,(a northerner)One of the most influential books

ever written, this novel, which dramatized the cruelties of slavery, sold 300,000 copies the first year

Page 6: North/Union vs. South/Confederacy

An Anti-Slavery Bestseller!

NorthernersHelped change the way

northerners felt about slavery.

Northernersnow sawslavery as aMORAL ISSUEwhich theycould no longer ignore

SouthernersOutraged by the book!

Southerners claimed the book, which was also

made into a play, did not give a true picture of slave life

One of themost important

books inAmerican history!

Page 7: North/Union vs. South/Confederacy

1- Louisiana Purchase divided in to 2 territories Kansas and Nebraska2- popular sovereignty would be used to decide if slavery would be allowed in these territories

The Kansas Nebraska Act of 1854

Page 8: North/Union vs. South/Confederacy

“Bleeding Kansas” Popular

sovereignty caused a small scale civil war in Kansas

Battles broke out between pro-slavery settlers and anti-slavery settlers

200 died in 4 months

Both Nebraska and Kansaseventually became free states

Page 9: North/Union vs. South/Confederacy

The Dred Scott Decision(1857)

If a slave is brought to a free state does that make him automatically free?

Page 10: North/Union vs. South/Confederacy

Scott v. SanfordThe Supreme Court decided that:

Slaves were not citizens, so they could not bring sue

Slaves were property

5th Amendment protects property, and because slaves were property, Congress could not ban slavery in the territories

Southerners wereoverjoyed with

the decision

Page 11: North/Union vs. South/Confederacy

The Lincoln-Douglas Debates (1858)

Abraham Lincoln1. opposed to

slavery in the territories.

2. no desire to interfere with slavery where it already existed

Stephen Douglas1. popular

sovereignty

For the position of Illinois senator

Page 12: North/Union vs. South/Confederacy

John Brown’s Raid(1859)

Abolitionist who tried to raid the federal arsenal at Harper’s Ferry,Virginia.

His plan was to armthe slaves and start a slaveuprising.

Page 14: North/Union vs. South/Confederacy

Hero or Villain?The North

Brown became a hero in the north. Many considered him a martyr because he was willing to give his life for his beliefs

The SouthSoutherners were

outraged by Brown’s actions. Many became convinced that the North wanted to destroy slavery

Northerner’s sang, “John Brown’s body lies a mold’ring inThe grave, but his soul goes marching on….”

Page 15: North/Union vs. South/Confederacy

The Election of 1860

o Stephen Douglas- Northern Democrats

Believed in popular sovereigntyo John Breckinridge- Southern

Democrats Pro-slaveryo John Bell- Constitutional Union Party Wanted to keep the Union togethero Abraham Lincoln- Republican Wanted to stop the spread of slavery

There were four candidates for president

Page 16: North/Union vs. South/Confederacy

…And The Winner Was

AbrahamLincoln!

With less than40% of thevote

Page 17: North/Union vs. South/Confederacy

Secession!To many Southerners, Lincoln’s electionmeant that the South no longer had avoice in government. They believed thatthe President and Congress were now setagainst their interests – especially slavery

Secede- to withdraw from thecountry

The first state to secede wasSouth Carolina on December 20, 1860

Page 18: North/Union vs. South/Confederacy

Civil War, 1861 Lincoln would do anything to save the

Union

Lincoln believed that secession was unconstitutional

Lincoln faced a terrible dilemma when The Confederacy began seizing federal forts in the South………….

Page 19: North/Union vs. South/Confederacy

Fort Sumter, 1861

Fort Sumter guarded Charleston,South Carolina. On April 11, 1861,The Confederacy demanded thatThe United States troops leavethe fort

When Major Robert Andersonrefused to surrender the Fort, Confederate guns opened fire.on April 13, 1861, Andersonsurrendered the fort…markingthe start of the Civil War

Page 20: North/Union vs. South/Confederacy

A House Divided…Lincoln believed that the nation could not survive if it remained divided by slavery. On June 16, 1858, he stated:“A houses divided against itself cannot stand. Ibelieve this government cannot endure permanentlyhalf slave and half free. I do not expect the Unionto be dissolved – I do not expect the house to fall –but I do expect it will cease to be divided. It willbecome all one thing or all the other.”

What was Lincoln’shouse????