Northern Pikeminnow Management Northern Pikeminnow Management ProgramProgram

Project 199907700

CooperatorsCooperators

BPABPA

WDFWWDFW

ODFWODFW

PSMFCPSMFC

OutlineOutline

• BackgroundBackground

• Fisheries / HarvestFisheries / Harvest

• EvaluationEvaluation

• What’s NewWhat’s New

• AccomplishmentsAccomplishments

0102030405060708090

Poe et al. 1991 Beamesderfer andRieman 1991

Rieman et al. 1991

Per

cen

t (%

)

NPM SMB WAL

Losses to predationDiet,

salmonids Population

BackgroundBackgroundJOHN DAY RESERVOIR (1983-86)

John Day Reservoir (continued)John Day Reservoir (continued)

Northern pikeminnow predation increased with sizeNorthern pikeminnow predation increased with size

BackgroundBackground

Lower Columbia Reservoirs = 325%Lower Columbia Reservoirs = 325%

Predation Relative to John Day ReservoirPredation Relative to John Day Reservoir

Lower Snake River Reservoirs = 40%Lower Snake River Reservoirs = 40%

Below Bonneville Dam = 800%Below Bonneville Dam = 800%

Loss to Predation = 8% of PopulationLoss to Predation = 8% of Population

SYSTEM-WIDE (1990-92)SYSTEM-WIDE (1990-92)

Assumes no compensation by remaining Assumes no compensation by remaining predators: abundance, growth, fecundity, age predators: abundance, growth, fecundity, age structure, et al.structure, et al.

BackgroundBackground

10-20% Exploitation = 50% Reduction in Predation10-20% Exploitation = 50% Reduction in Predation

Fisheries implemented systemwide in 1991Fisheries implemented systemwide in 1991

                                                               

                                          

Priest Rapids Dam

Hell’s Canyon Dam

Program Area

Fishery Implementation and Fishery Implementation and HarvestHarvest

Northern Pikeminnow FisheriesNorthern Pikeminnow Fisheries

Sport Reward (WDFW)Sport Reward (WDFW)1991-Present1991-Present

Dam Angling (ODFW, CRITFC, et al.)Dam Angling (ODFW, CRITFC, et al.)1991-20021991-2002

Gill Net (CRITFC, YIN, et al.)Gill Net (CRITFC, YIN, et al.)1994-2002 1994-2002

Sport Reward Harvest, 1991-2005

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

1991

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

Year

Harv

est

(in

thousa

nds)

Sport Reward Effort, 1991-2005

0102030405060708090

100

1991

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

Year

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

CP

UE

An

gle

r D

ays (

in

thou

san

ds)

ReservoirReservoir HarvestHarvest ReservoirReservoir HarvestHarvestBelow Below

BonnevilleBonneville 87,57587,575 Ice HarborIce Harbor 1,7321,732

BonnevilleBonneville 55,09755,097 Lower Lower MonumentalMonumental 1,9831,983

The DallesThe Dalles 30,15330,153 Little GooseLittle Goose 33,82833,828

John DayJohn Day 328328 Lower GraniteLower Granite 12,07312,073

McNaryMcNary 18,58818,588

2005 Sport Reward Harvest by Reservoir

FamilyFamilyCatchCatch

((NN = 96,790) = 96,790)

HarvestHarvest

((NN = 10,964) = 10,964)

% Acipenseridae 7.2 1.4

% Catostomidae 2.9 2.0

% Centrarchidae 20.2 14.5

% Clupeidae 0.8 1.8

% Cottidae 2.6 2.6

% Cyprinidae 54.7 55.8

% Ictaluridae 7.3 11.9

% Percidae 2.1 8.5

% Percopsidae <0.1 <0.1

% Pleuronectidae 0.7 0.4

% Salmonidae 0.7 0.6

Sport Reward Incidental Catch, 2005Sport Reward Incidental Catch, 2005

EvaluationEvaluation

02468

101214161820

'91 '92 '93 '94 '95 '96 '97 '98 '99 '00 '01 '02 '03 '04 '05

Year

Ex

plo

ita

tio

n R

ate

(%

)Northern Pikeminnow Exploitation,Northern Pikeminnow Exploitation,Sport Reward Sport Reward ((>> 250 mm FL), 1991-2005 250 mm FL), 1991-2005

60

70

80

90

100

'91 '92 '93 '94 '95 '96 '97 '98 '99 '00 '01 '02 '03 '04 '05

Year

Po

ten

tia

l P

red

ati

on

Predation Relative to Pre-NPMPPredation Relative to Pre-NPMP

78%

Northern PikeminnowNorthern Pikeminnow

Compensation?Compensation?

WalleyeWalleye

Abundance, density, age, Abundance, density, age, growth, fecundity, growth, fecundity, consumption, conditionconsumption, condition

Smallmouth BassSmallmouth Bass

NoNo

MaybeMaybe

NoNo

CP

UE

0.0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

1.2

1.4

Tagging Catch Per Unit Effort by Year

Northern Pikeminnow Electrofishing Catch Rates, John Day Reservoir

FamilyFamilyNorthern Northern

pikeminnowpikeminnow((NN = 291) = 291)

Smallmouth bassSmallmouth bass

((NN = 364) = 364)

% Salmonidae% Salmonidae 69.769.7 20.720.7

% Cottidae% Cottidae 10.010.0 53.053.0

% Clupeidae% Clupeidae 8.88.8 0.90.9

% Cyprinidae% Cyprinidae 3.23.2 7.27.2

% Catostomidae% Catostomidae 0.00.0 6.36.3

% Cobitidae% Cobitidae 0.20.2 0.00.0

% Ictaluridae% Ictaluridae 0.00.0 1.61.6

% Percopsidae% Percopsidae 0.00.0 1.91.9

% Gasterosteidae% Gasterosteidae 7.57.5 4.94.9

% Centrachidae% Centrachidae 0.60.6 3.03.0

% Percidae% Percidae 0.00.0 0.50.5

Diet Composition (samples with identifiable fish), Diet Composition (samples with identifiable fish), Columbia and Snake Rivers, 1999, 2004-2005Columbia and Snake Rivers, 1999, 2004-2005

SMB Consumption Index – John Day SMB Consumption Index – John Day ForebayForebay

Year

Co

nsu

mp

tion

In

de

x

0.0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

Spring Summer

Freq

uenc

y (%

)

0

10

20

30

40

Age 4Age 5

Age 4 and 5 SMB, Below Bonneville Dam

Recent Changes and Plans for 2006Recent Changes and Plans for 2006

• Institutionalize Reward StructureInstitutionalize Reward Structure• Rolling Biological IndexingRolling Biological Indexing• Re-institute Dam AnglingRe-institute Dam Angling• Update Predation ModelUpdate Predation Model• Multi-year Exploitation RatesMulti-year Exploitation Rates • Addition of Two Sport-reward StationsAddition of Two Sport-reward Stations

NPMP Accomplishments, 1991-2005

• Over 2.7 million Northern Pikeminnow Removed

• Low Impact to Resident / Anadromous Species

• >10% Exploitation Achieved in 13 of 15 Years

• Estimated 22% Reduction in Salmonid Predation

• Compensation by Remaining Predators Minimal

• Credible Science: ~30 Journal Articles Published

• Cost Effective