North Seattle Community North Seattle Community College College

Watch Technology InstituteWatch Technology Institute

February 2005February 2005

Course on Surface FinishingCourse on Surface Finishing

Purpose of Surface Purpose of Surface FinishingFinishing

PreservationPreservation IdentificationIdentification Adding valueAdding value Aesthetical enhancementAesthetical enhancement TraditionTradition

Identify the Techniques Identify the Techniques UsedUsed

Sunburst finishSunburst finish Angling (Beveling)Angling (Beveling) ““Cote de Geneve”Cote de Geneve” Flat polishingFlat polishing GrainingGraining Finishing sidesFinishing sides Chamfering holesChamfering holes Machine engravingMachine engraving

Matt finishingMatt finishing Angling (Beveling)Angling (Beveling) Flat polishingFlat polishing Graining/line finishGraining/line finish Finishing sidesFinishing sides Chamfering holesChamfering holes EngravingEngraving

Identify the Techniques Identify the Techniques UsedUsed

Identify the Techniques Identify the Techniques UsedUsed

Circular finishCircular finish Angling (Beveling)Angling (Beveling) Sand blastingSand blasting Flat polishingFlat polishing BluingBluing GrainingGraining Finishing sidesFinishing sides Chamfering holesChamfering holes Hand engravingHand engraving

Identify the Techniques Identify the Techniques UsedUsed

““Perlage”Perlage” Angling (Beveling)Angling (Beveling) Flat polishingFlat polishing Chamfering holesChamfering holes Finishing sidesFinishing sides

Other examplesOther examples

Flat Surface FinishingFlat Surface Finishing

Create a “Line” finishCreate a “Line” finish Steel or brassSteel or brass Select stone by material Select stone by material

and finish and finish Use shellac stone for Use shellac stone for

high quality steel partshigh quality steel parts Do not use emery Do not use emery

paperpaper

Sides of Bridges and LeversSides of Bridges and Levers

Hold work piece securelyHold work piece securely Use fine file to create flat Use fine file to create flat

surfacesurface Use emery sticks, old file Use emery sticks, old file

with 3M paper (30 microns) with 3M paper (30 microns) or “Degussit” stonesor “Degussit” stones

For matt finish use For matt finish use carborundum powder and carborundum powder and brass or steel slipbrass or steel slip

Pressure Polish Pressure Polish (“Burnishing”)(“Burnishing”)

Applied to round/ Applied to round/ cylindrical steel parts cylindrical steel parts (pivots)(pivots)

Use fine file to bring Use fine file to bring close to diameterclose to diameter

Use steel burnisher Use steel burnisher with oil to polishwith oil to polish

““Black” PolishingBlack” Polishing Applied to round/ Applied to round/

cylindrical and flat steel cylindrical and flat steel partsparts

Multiple step processMultiple step process Grind with carborundum Grind with carborundum

powder and brass slip powder and brass slip (or 3M paper on old (or 3M paper on old file/glass plate)file/glass plate)

Polish with diamantine Polish with diamantine on zinc slip or diskon zinc slip or disk

Flat PolishingFlat Polishing

Apply on flat steel partsApply on flat steel parts Multiple step processMultiple step process Grind with carborundum Grind with carborundum

powder and brass slip (or powder and brass slip (or 3M paper on glass plate)3M paper on glass plate)

Polish with diamantine on Polish with diamantine on zinc slip or diskzinc slip or disk

Use screw head polisher Use screw head polisher or do free-hand on corkor do free-hand on cork

Angling (“Beveling”)Angling (“Beveling”) SteelSteel:: File corner with fine file File corner with fine file

or use “Degussit”or use “Degussit” Smoothen with emery Smoothen with emery

stickssticks Burnish with steel Burnish with steel

burnisher orburnisher or Use 3M paper on old file Use 3M paper on old file

to achieve smooth finish to achieve smooth finish Then use Diamantine on Then use Diamantine on

zinc slip to polishzinc slip to polish Finish with pith woodFinish with pith wood

Angling (“Beveling”)Angling (“Beveling”)

BrassBrass:: File corner with fine File corner with fine

file file Smoothen with Smoothen with

emery sticksemery sticks Burnish with steel Burnish with steel

burnisherburnisher Use Simichrome to Use Simichrome to

polishpolish

Chamfer HolesChamfer Holes

Countersink hole Countersink hole with disk cutterwith disk cutter

BrassBrass:: Use Simichrome on peg Use Simichrome on peg

wood to polishwood to polish Steel:Steel: Use carborundum Use carborundum

powder with oil to pre-powder with oil to pre-polishpolish

Polish with DiamantinePolish with Diamantine

Matt Finish (Steel)Matt Finish (Steel)

Use carborundum Use carborundum powder and oil on powder and oil on frosted glass platefrosted glass plate

Use different grit to Use different grit to achieve finer or coarser achieve finer or coarser finishfinish

Bluing SteelBluing Steel

Surface to be blued Surface to be blued needs to be perfectly needs to be perfectly finishedfinished

Clean part thoroughly Clean part thoroughly without residuewithout residue

Use alcohol lamp with Use alcohol lamp with bluing tray (brass bluing tray (brass shavings) or bluing shavings) or bluing holderholder

Controlled heat Controlled heat chamber allows for chamber allows for better color controlbetter color control

““Perlage”Perlage”

Used on brass bridges Used on brass bridges and platesand plates

Can be applied with Can be applied with drill press or lathedrill press or lathe

Cross-slide or milling Cross-slide or milling attachment allow for attachment allow for properly spaced properly spaced applicationapplication

Abrasive material Abrasive material (emery paper, 3M (emery paper, 3M paper, etc) on wooden paper, etc) on wooden or brass support or brass support

““Sunburst” FinishSunburst” Finish

Advanced technique Advanced technique Requires machine set-Requires machine set-

up for best results up for best results (special fixtures and (special fixtures and lapping disks with lapping disks with abrasive material)abrasive material)

““Cote de Geneve”Cote de Geneve”

Advanced technique Advanced technique Requires machine Requires machine

set-up set-up Cross-slide on drill Cross-slide on drill

press or milling press or milling attachment on latheattachment on lathe

Parts to be Parts to be decorated need to decorated need to be alignedbe aligned

Lapping disks (wood Lapping disks (wood or brass) with or brass) with abrasive materialabrasive material

““Cote de Geneve”Cote de Geneve”

““Cote de Geneve”Cote de Geneve”

Sand BlastingSand Blasting

Requires Sand Requires Sand Blasting equipmentBlasting equipment

Jewels need to be Jewels need to be removed or covered removed or covered upup

Bevels and Bevels and engravings need to engravings need to covered up or covered up or applied after sand applied after sand blastingblasting