North and South

• Irish Immigration – caused by the potato famine in Ireland, poor, moved to the North, took factory and manual labor jobs.

• Irish Impact – increase of Catholicism.

• German Immigration – came with money to buy farms and businesses. Mostly settled in the West.

• German Impact – settled in family groups, kept their language / religion /

customs.

• Nativists – believed immigration threatened “native born” Americans.

• The American Party – (Know-Nothing) wanted to extend the time to citizenship and ban foreign-born citizens from holding office.

Industrialization and Transportation

North:

• Many factories• Bigger cities,

strategically located• Railroads and canals

connecting cities

South:

• Few factories, mostly agriculture

• Few large cities• Railroads and canals

were local or ran North / South.