noqalaqevis arqeologiuri eqspedicia 2007 · Tbilisi 2008 . noqalaqevis arqeologiuri eqspediciis 2007 wlis . savele samuSaoebis angariSi . saqarTvelos erovnuli muzeumis, s. janaSias

saqarTvelos erovnuli muzeumi

noqalaqevis arqeologiuri eqspedicia

2007

Tbilisi 2008

d. lomitaSvili, z.TvalWreliZe, n. qebulaZe, b.lorTqifaniZe,

m.bokeria, n. murRulia, m. zamaTaraZe

noqalaqevis mudmivmoqmedi saerTaSoriso

arqeologiuri eqspediciis 2007 wlis

angariSi

Tbilisi 2008

noqalaqevis arqeologiuri eqspediciis 2007 wlis

savele samuSaoebis angariSi

saqarTvelos erovnuli muzeumis, s. janaSias saxelobis saqarTvelos

muzeumis noqalaqevis erToblivma qarTul-inglisurma arqeologiurma

eqspediciam∗, senakis municipalitetis sof. noqalaqevis naqalaqarze

arqeologiuri gaTxriTi samuSaoebi 2007 wlis 24 ivlisidan 30

agvistomde awarmoa. samuSaoebi ori erTmaneTisagan damoukidebeli

proeqtiT mimdinareobda.

I etapi qarTul-Sveicaruli proeqtis farglebSi naqalaqaris qveda

terasis aRmosavleT seqtorSi #1 da #4 Txrilebze (ub.VII kv.F-3 da ub.VI

kv. F-3) gagrZelda da aRvniSnavT, rom wels srulad damTavrda.

rac Seexeba II etaps - qarTul-inglisur proeqts - is 1 agvistos

daiwyo da 30 agvistomde ,,A” Txrilze (ub. XXX kv. F-2) elinisturi epoqis

kulturuli fenebisa da samarovnis erTi monakveTis SeswavliT

Semoifargla.

2007 wels ganviTarebuli arqeologiuri gaTxrebis erT-erT umTavres

prioritetad kvlav saganmanaTleblo-satreiningo programa rCeboda

qarTveli da ucxoeli studentebisaTvis. oTx jgufad dayofili saerTo

raodenoba studentebisa morigeobiT mecadineobebs gadiodnen savele

arqeologiaSi, prevenciul konservaciaSi, arqeobotanikaSi (flotaciis

meTodiT muSaoba) da Tanamedrove teqnologiebis codnaSi (GPS –

sadgurebis gamoyeneba). yvela es mimarTuleba myar koordinacias

eyrdnoboda.

noqalqevis arqeologiuri eqspediciis mier ganxorcielebuli

samuSaoebis sxvadasxva etapebi 2007-2008ww. angariSebis saxiT sam

sxvadasxva sesiaze iqna saprezentaciod warmodgenili.

∗ eqspediciis SemadgenlobaSi Sediodnen d. lomitaSvili (eqspediciis xelmZRvaneli), b. lorTqifaniZe (eqspediciis xel-is moadgile), n. qebulaZe (qimikos-restavratori), z. TvalWreliZe (arqeologi), n. murRulia (razmis ufrosi), m. bokeria (arqeobotanikosi), m. mWedliSvili (asistenti), n. Zigua (asistenti), m. zamTaraZe, T. kapanaZe, - kameraluri samuSaoebi, r, yenia (kompiteruli uzrunvelyofa), i. qolvini (oqsfordis universteti), b. nili (bredfordis universiteti, p. everili (sauthemptonis universiteti), studentebi Tbilisis saxelmwifo da britaneTis universitetebidan.

noqalaqevis qarTul-inglisuri arqeologiuri eqspedicia 2007 wlis sezoni

A Txrilze warmoebuli samuSaoebis angariSi

wlevandel sezonze (01.08.07-29.08.07) gaTxrebi A Txrilis mTel farTobze gagrZelda. unda aRiniSnos rom 2003 wlis sezonis Semdeg Txrilis Zvel monakveTze gaTxrebi ar mimdinareobda, 2004-2006 wlebis 3

sezoni daeTmo Txrilis gafarToebas Crdilo da dasavleT mimarTulebiT. sabolood 2006 wlis sezonze momTavrda gafarToebul monakveTebze imave siRrmeze dasvla, rac 2003 wlisTvis Txrilis Zvel nawilSi iyo. gamomdinare aqedan wlevandel sezonze gaTxrebi Txrilis mTel farTobze gagrZelda.

wlevandelma gaTxrebma metad

saintereso Sedegebi moitana, pirvel rigSi yuradReba misaqcevia

elinisturi nagebobebis naSTebi da rva samarxi – maTgani Svidi elinisturi xanis da erTi – adre qristianuli periodis (IV-VI ss), Svidi elinisturi samarxidan sami amfora-samarxs ganekuTvneba, ori kremaciulia, ori – ormosamarxs warmoadgens. garda amisa Txrilis samx. kidesTan gamovlinda SarSan aRmoCenili riyis qvis fenis aRmosavleT gagrZeleba, savaraudod mokirwyluli gza, quCa (?).

A Txrili, saerTo xedi aRmosavleTidan

aRniSnuli riyis qvis fena (203) Txrilis samxreT kidesTan

gamovlinda da Sesabamisad misi srulad Seswavla samwuxarod ver xerxdeba, gamovlenili nawilis saerTo sigrZe 4.65 m-ia, maqsimaluri sigane - 0.75 m. Seicavs brtyel 10-20 sm zomis riyis qvebis, romlebic sibrtyezea ganlagebuli maT qveS winaswar mosworebul da datkepnil miwaze (204). riyis qvebis fena alag-alag ikargeba, an SesaZloa misi gavrcelebis CrdiloeT konturi arasworxazovania da rig monakveTebSi Txrilis gareT gadis. fenis aRm. nawilSi riyis qvebi daaxloebiT imave zomis kirqviTaa Canacvlebuli, Tumca ar Cans rodis, sasiarulo fenis mowyobis dros Tu Semdeg etapze, - riyis qvebis amocvenis dros.

fenis is nawili, romelic TxrilSi vlindeba, gvaZlevs safuZvels vivaraudoT, rom es noqalaqevis qalaqobis droindeli gzis (an quCis) fragmentia. 203 da 204 fenebSi gamovlenili mcire arqeologiuri masalis absolu- turi umravlesoba swored adre Sua saukuneebs ganekuTvneba, fena naqalaqaris aRm. WiSkrebTan Zalian axlos (aTiode

metrSi) fiqsirdeba, amitom gamoiTqva azri, rom es

riyis qvis fena (203), CrdiloeTidan

SesaZlebelia iyos qalaqis SesasvlelSi mowyobili gzis mcire

fragmenti, Tumca, 203-e fenis fragmentulobis gamo, amaze gadaWriT saubari SeuZlebelia.

aRniSnuli, sasiarulo fenis aRmosavleTiT gamovlinda damwvari Tixi

fenebis qlaqis galavnebis mSenebl

sezonze am sami fenidan (201, 202, 203) Ziris donemde arc erTi

rSan gamovlenili elinisturi nagebobis (187) samxreTiT wels gamo

fena);

struqtura 2006 wlis sezonze gamovlinda, Tumca misi sruli Sesw

s fena (201), romelic, rogorc Cans zemodan gadaekvris riyis qvebs, is metad lokalur xasiaTs atarebs (65X140 sm) da aSkara kavSirSia mis aRmosavleTiT gamovlenil kirian fenasTan (202), es ori fenac, gamovlenili keramikuli masalis mixedviT IV-VI ss-s unda ganekuTvnebodes. kiriani fena mravlad Seicavs kldis fleTil qvas da

mcire zomis (1-5 sm) qvanarev kirs, romelic zemodan ekvris kldis qvebis grovas, safiqrebelia, rom kiri, Tixa da kldis fleTili qvebi warmoadgens samSeneblo narCenebs, romlebic gankuTvnili unda yofiliyo IV an V s-is galavnis aSenebisas. aRniSnul or fenaSi (201, 202) arqeologiuri masala Zalze mcire raodenobiT gamovlinda, Tumca maTi umetesi nawili IV-VI ss-is nawarms warmoadgens da Sesabamisad am obasTan dakavSirebac logikurad

gveCveneba. aseve davuSviT varaudi, rom SesaZloa es yofiliyo raime samSeneblo konstruqciis nangrevebi, Tumca keramikuli nawarmis simcire gvafiqrebinebs, rom es ufro samSeneblo narCenebia, vidre romelime nagebobis naSTi. aRsaniSnavia, rom 202-e fenis erT adgilas, kiris qveS gamoCnda brtyeli riyis qva, SesaZloa es sasiarulo fenis (203) gagrZeleba iyos, romlis aRmosavleT fragmentic kiriani feniT (202) aris dafaruli, rac bunebrivia gulisxmobs imas, rom riyis qvis sasiarulo fena ufro adrindelia vidre Tixiani (201) da kiriani (202) fenebi, Tumca kidev erTxel unda aRiniSnos, rom gamovlenili keramikuli masalis mixedviT samive fena adre Sua saukuneebs (IV-VI ss) ganekuTvneba.

wlevandel

damwvari Tixis (201) da riyis qvis fena (203), CrdiloeTidan

ar gagviTxria, amitom saboloo daskvnebis gamotanis saSualeba maTi sruli preparaciis Semdgom gveqneba.

SaCnda kidev ori nagebobis naSTi. maTgan erTi (212), pirveli nagebobis

droindeli unda iyos, xolo meore (230) odnav adrindeli, Tumca aseve elinisturi periodis. es sami nageboba Semdegnaerad dainomra:

I struqtura – konteqstebi: 187 (nageboba), 211 (sacxovrebeliII struqtura – konteqstebi: 212, (nageboba), 213 (sacxovrebeli fena); III struqtura – konteqstebi: 230, (nageboba), 231 (sacxovrebeli fena). I avla ar moxerxda, am mxriv siZneleebi 2007 welsac gvqonda,

radganac nagebobis nawili savaraudod Txrilis aRmosavleT da CrdiloeT kideebis gareT gadis.

nagebobisgan SemorCenili kedlebis fragmentebi gvarwmunebs, rom is das-aRm xazze unda yofiliyo gamarTuli, nagebi uxeSad gaTlili kldis fleTili qviT, duRabis gareSe riyis qva ar aris gamoyenebuli. qvebis zomebi 15X20 sm-dan 60X80 sm-mde meryeobs.

yvelaze kargad ikveTeba nagebobis samxreTi kedeli, misi sigrZe 6 metrs aRwevs; kedlis samxreT daboloeba an kuTxe ar ikveTeba. xolo dasavleT daboloebaze kedeli 90o-iT uxvevs CrdiloeTisken da iqve (40 sm-Si) wydeba.

nagebobis naSTis Sida farTobze miwa xasiaTdeba moSavo monacrosfro feriT, aris fxvieri, mcire raodenobiT Seicavs kiris nafxvens da danamcecebul gamomwvar Tixas, fenaSi (211) amodis

elinisturi xanis (Zv. w. III-I ss.) sameurneo daniSnulebis da samSeneblo keramika, aseve didi raodenobiT gvxvdeba mSeneblobisTvis gamoyenebuli kldis qvebi.

nagebobis

I struqtura (187), aRmosavleTidan

saZirkvlis naSTis fragmentulobis gamo misi gegma ar ikveTeba.

II struqtura aseve elinisturi xanis nagebobis saZirkvels

warmoadgens. mdebareobs Txrilis samxreT-aRmosavleT monakveTze. gamovlinda mxolod ori – CrdiloeT da dasavleT kedlis naSTi, aseve ikveTeba maTi gadabmis adgili. CrdiloeT kedlis gamovlenili sigrZe 4.72 m-ia, dasavleTis – 1, 95 m. samSeneblo masalad gamoyenebuli uxeSad gaTlili kldis qva, maTi zomebi 18X24 sm-dan 27X40 sm-mde meryeobs. kedlis sisqe sxvadsxva monakveTebze 25-dan 30 sm-mdea. CrdiloeT kedlis qvebs atyvia Zlieri cecxlis kvali (maTi umetesoba gawiTlebulia). dasavleT kedlis samxreT gagrZelebaze, nagebobis Crdilo-dasavleT

kuTxidan 3,60 m-Si gamovlinda qvebis wriuli grova, SesaZloa es yofiliyo nagebobis erT-erTi sveti, Tumca gadaWriT verafers vityviT. safiqrebelia, rom nagebobis nawili Txrilis samxreT da aRmosavleT kideebis gareT gadis. nagebobis SigniT gamovlenili fenaSi (213) miwas moSavo-monacrisfro feri aqvs. aris fxvieri. fena vrceldeba daaxloebiT 4X4 m. farTobze da samxreTiT savaraudod Sedis adre Sua saukuneebis fenebis (201, 202, 203) qveS. fenaSi mravlad gvxevdeba didi zomis lodebi, gamomwvari Tixis baTqaSis didi zomis namtvrevebi (10X15X20 sm), aseve elinisturi xanis samSeneblo da sameurneo daniSnulebis keramikis fragmentebi. II struqtura (212), aRmosavleTidan

III struqtura gamovlinda I da II struqturebs Soris, damwvari Tixis feni

amive struqtura erTi da igive niSn

amwvari Tixis nalesobis fragmentebi

saintereso suraTia II da III str

s (216) qveS. nagebobis saZirkveli kvadratuli formisaa (gare zomebi: 2,70X2,70 m., Sida zomebi: 2,0X2,0 m.); kedlebi sisqe 0,70 m-ia; mSeneblobisTvis gamoyenebulia kldis uxeSad gaTlili qva; duRabi gamoyenebuli ar aris; qvebis zomebi min. 15X16 sm, max. 42X60 sm-ia. nagebobis SigniT dafiqsirebuli fena (231) muqi yavisferia, miwa metad fxvieria (damwvari), Seicavs gamomwvari Tixis, kirqvis da naxSiris nafxvenebs. fenaSi mcire raodenobiT gamovlinda elinisturi periodis

keramikuli WurWlis natexebi. nagebobis tipma da gamovlenilma arqeologiurma masalam mogvca safuZveli III struqturac elinisturi xaniT dagveTariRebina.

III struqtura (230), aRmosavleTidan

sebiT xasiaTdeba: samSeneblo

masalad gamoyenebulia uxeSad gaTlili kirqva; TiTqmis identuria qvebis zomebi; duRabi gamoyenebuli arsad ar aris. fenebSi gvxvdeba

d.

samive struqturaze gamovlinda qvebis wyobis TiTo-TiTo rigi, rac gvafiqrebinebs, rom es unda yofiliyo nagebobis saZirkveli, maTze xis konstruqciebis gasamarTad, romlebic Tavis mxriv TixiT unda yofiliyo Selesili, amas mowmobs 211, 213 da 231 fenebSi gamovlenili damwvari TixisbaTqaSebi.

I, II da III struqturebi, aRmosavleTidan

uqturebTan – III struqturis dasavleT da aRmosavleT kedlebi gadis II struqturis qvemoT da Semdeg ikvreba samxreTi kedliT, anu II nagebobis CrdiloeT kedeli mesame nagebobas mTlianad kveTs dasavleT-aRmosavleTis xazze, rac gvafiqrebinebs rom III struqtura II struqturaze adreulia, Tumca qronologiuri sxvaoba Zalian didi ar unda iyos, radganac orive nageboba elinistur xanas ganekuTvneba, xolo 213-e da 231-e fenebSi gamovlenili arqeologiuri masala maTi 100 wlis sizustiT daTariRebis saSualebas ar gvaZlevs. II da III struqturebis gadakveTa

aseve metad sainteresoa I da II struqturebs Soris da III nagebobis Tavze gamovlenili damwvari Tixis fenis (216) mniSvneloba. Tavdapirvelad vfiqrobdiT, rom es SesaZloa yofiliyo I nagebobis samxreTiT gadmoqceuli kedeli, Tumca am fenis aRebam da mis qveS mesame nagebobis (230) saZirkvlis aRmoCenam sxvagvari suraTi warmoaCina. Cveni mosazrebiT qronologiurad adreuli III struqturis dangrevis Semdeg, ori axali nagebobis aSenebis dros, Zveli nagebobis saZirkvlis naSTi TixiT gadailesa, sasiarulo donis mosawyobad, romelic I da II

struqturebTan erTad arsebobda. miT umetes Tu gaviTvaliswinebT, rom aRniSnuli Tixiani fena (216) I da II struqturebs Soris, kedlidan kedlamde (2,40 m.), mTel farTobze aRmoCnda, anu molesili iyo or nagebobas Soris darCenili teritoria.

rogorc ukve iTqva wlevandel sezonze gaiTxara 8 samarxi, maTgan erTi 2006 wels aRmoCnda, magram

sezonze misi gawmendva ar moxerxda.

samarxi

drois uqonlobis gamo wina

aRmoCnda Txrilis samxreT-dasavleT monakveTze gamovlenil 174-e

xi (0702) gaWrilia das-aRm xazze; micvalebuli asvenia gulaRma; gaSo

sainteresoa

siaxloves sami amfora-samarxis aRmoCen

0701 amforasamarxi CaWrili iyo damwvari Tixis fena

damwvari Tixis fena (216) I da II struqturebs Soris

fenaSi, romelSic 2006 wlis sezonze umetesad IV-VI ss-is arqeologiuri masala amodioda, garda amisa amave fenaSi 2005 da 2006 wlebSi uSualod am samarxis siaxloves aRmoCnda 4 sxva qristianuli samarxi.

samartili; TaviT dasavleTisken; ConCxi (193) ekuTvnoda mozards; Zvlebi

metad msxvrevadia da areuli; ConCxis umetesi nawili SemorCenilia. samarxi uinventaroa; gamomdinare aqedan da aseve ConCxis orientaciis mixedviT dadginda, rom samarxi adreqristianul xanas (IV-VI ss.)

ganekuTvneba. samarxis Wrilis [194] zomebia: 0,40 X1,30 m., siRrme – 7 sm. samarxis nayari (192) Seicavda samSeneblo keramikis fragmentebs, samarxis Zirze yria riyis da kldis qvebi, erT-erTi maTgani (brtyeli, oTxkuTxa qva) ido micvalebulis Tavis qalis qveS.

gansakuTrebiTelinisturi nagebobebis a:

#Si (216). amforas (189) aqvs Ria wiTeli keci, aris

cudad ganleqili, Seicavs sxvadasxva mineralebis minarevebs, aqvs brtyel ganivkveTiani yurebi (yurebi miZerwilia yelTan da mxarTan), farTo yeli, borblisebri piri, Ziri motexili aqvs. erT-erTi yuris

# 0702 qristianuli samarxi

amfora (189) # 0701 samarxidan

Zirze SeimCneva TiTiT Caweuli ori wriuli ornamenti, yurebs Soris yelidan mxarze gadasvlis adgilas aqvs amokawvriT Sesrulebuli sampiriani Canglis tipis ornamenti. warmoadgens kolxur nawarms.

amfora (35X67 sm) ido horizontalurad, dasavleT-aRmosavleTis mimar

iyo Cvili bavSvi, ConCxis (190)

romelsac SemdgomSi zemodan amfori

i CaWrilia 174-fen

T

gadajvaredinebuli aqvs

TulebiT, piriT aRmosavleTisken. mxarze etyoba xelovnurad gatexvis da “gaWris” horizontaluri kvali. garSemo Semowyobili hqonda

vertikalurad Calagebuli kirqva Txeli fragmentebi.

amforaSi Casvenebuli

Zvlebi imdenad patara iyo, rom ar moxerxda misi preparacia. savaraudod micvalebuli esvena marcxena gverdze, TaviT dasavleTisken, saxiT CrdiloeTisken. samarxis sruli preparaciis Semdeg gamoCnda, rom amforis erTi naxevris miwaSi Cadebis Semdeg, moxda SigniT micvalebulis Casveneba, s darCenili nawili daades.

samarxSi amforis garda sxva inventari ar gamovlenila. # 0706 amfora samarx

aSi. amfora (205) Ria wiTeli Seferilobisaa, keci Seicavs sxvadsxva mineralebs gamyarebisTvis. aqvs ovalur ganivkveTiani yurebi (yurebi miZerwilia yelTan da mxarTan), farTo yeli, borblisebri piri, Ziri motexili aqvs. orive yuris Zirze SeimCneva TiTiT SigniTken Caweuli mrgvali ornamenti. erT-erT yurTan, yelidan mxarze gadasvlis

Sesrulebuli gaSlili piriani isris ornamenti, romelsac RerZze

meore xazi. es amforac tipiur kolxur nawarms warmoadgens. amfora ido horizontalurad, das-aRm xazze, piriT aRmosavleTisken.

adgilas amokawvri

# 0706 amfora samarxi



amforaSi esvena bavSvi das-aRm. xazze, TaviT aRmosavleTisken anu amforis pirisken. ConCxis (206) Zvlebi metad msxvrevadia da areuli, amitom ar dgindeba Tu rogor poziciaSi esvena micvalebuli. saerTo monacemebiT es samarxi # 0701 samarxis identuria.

# 0707 amforasamarxi gamovlinda Txrilis CrdiloeT kidesTan 211-e fenaSi. amfora (220) narinjisferi Seferilobisaa. yurebi motexili da

dakarguli aqvs, Tumca yelze Cans yuris miZerwvis adgili. aqvs ganieri yeli, piri gareT aris gamoburculi da aqvs bobrblisebuli forma. amforis tans mrgvali forma aqvs, xolo welisken viwrovdeba da odnav Sezneqilia. amforas atyvia Zlieri cecxlis kvali, imdenad rom adgil-adgil Tixa fenebad Zvreba. ConCxs cecxlis moxvedris kvali ar amCnevia da Sesabamisad am samarxis kremaciulobaze saubari ar SeiZleba. SesaZloa saqme amforis meorad gamoyenebasTan gvqondes. amfora (35X67 sm)

ido horizontalurad, piriT aRmosavleTisken.


amforaSi esvena mcire wlovani bavSvis cxedari. ConCxis (221) umetesi nawili samarxSi ar dagvxvda. gamoikveTa Tavis qala, mxris da sxivis Zvlebis ramdenime fragmenti, ori cali neknis natexi, wvivis da terfis ramdenime Zvali. Tumca maTi mdebareobis mixedviT mainc dgindeba micvalebulis dakrZalvis wesi: ConCxi esvena marjvena gverdze, mokrunCxul mdgomareobaSi. TaviT aRmosavleTisken, saxiT CrdiloeTisken. amfora-samarxis Wrils (222) garSemo Semolagebuli hqonda kldis qvebi.


zemoT ganxiluli sami amfora samarxis garda 2007 wlis sezonze A Txrilze gamovlinda kidev 4 elinisturi xanis samarxi.

# 0703 samarxi gamovlinda elinisturi nagebobis (III struqturis) aRmosavleTiT. samarxi Zlier aris dazianebuli da ar ikiTxeba misi formebi da orientacia. gamovlenili ramodenime Zvlis (196) mixedviT gamoiTqva varaudi, rom samarxi SesaZloa kremaciulia da ekuTvnoda Cvils. raime saxis inventari ar gamovlenila.

# 0704 kremaciuli samarxi

# 0704 samarxi aseve cudad aris Semonaxuli. ConCxis (199) Zvlebs atyvia Zlieri cecxlis kvali (aris metad myife da gaTeTrebuli), rac gvafiqrebinebs, rom samarxi kremaciulia. Zvlebis simciris gamo, Wirs samarxis formebis dadgena, micvalebuli savaraudod esvena aRm-das

mimarTulebiT, TaviT aRmosavleTisken. gamovlenili mklavis Zvlis zomis mixedviT, samarxi bavSvs ekuTvnoda. samarxis Wrils [200] Semowyobili hqonda kldis qvebi; Wrilis zomebi: 55X90 sm., siRrme - 8 sm.; samxreT-aRmosavleT mxridan samarxs Semouyveba damwvari da gamofituli Tixis baTqaSi. SesaZloa samarxis erTi mxare TixiT iyo Selesili. micvalebuls mklavze ekeTa brinjaos pir gaxsnili samajuri, romelsac

daboloebebze ornamentebi hqonda datanili - gvelis Tavebis minabaZi. garda amisa samarxis nayarSi (198), armoCnda erTi cali minis mZivi da wiTlad gamomwvari da uxeSad ganleqili Tixis qoTani. iseve, rogorc brinjaos samajuri, qoTanic stilisturad elinisturi xanis nawarms ganekuTvneba da Sesabamisad samarxic zogadad elinisturi xaniT Tarirdeba.

# 0705 elinisturi xanis samarxi

# 0705 samarxi aseve elinisturi periodisa unda iyos. Tumca inventaris ar qonis gamo samarxi daTariRda ConCxis (209) orientaciis mixedviT. miuxedavad imisa, rom ConCxis SemorCenili Zvlebi areulia

(Tavis qalasTan gvxvdeba menjis Zvlebi) mainc dgindeba, rom micvalebuli esvena Zlier mokrunCxul mdgomareobaSi, marjvena gverdze, TaviT dasavleTisken, saxiT samxreTisken. gamovlenili Zvlebis zomebis mixedviT dgindeba, rom samarxi ekuTvnoda bavSvs. Wrilis [210] garSemo wriulad Semowyobili iyo mcire zomis kldis qvebi.

Wrilis zomebi: 27X53 sm.

0708 samarxi 2007 wlis sezonis bolo dReebSi gamovlinda. ConCxi (227) Zalian kargad aris Semonaxuli. samarxi gaSlilia dasavleT-aRmosavleTis xazze; micvalebuli asvenia marjvena gverdze, sustad moxril mdgomareobaSi; TaviT

# 0706 elinisturi xanis samarxi

aRmosavleTisken, saxiT - CrdiloeTisken; micvalebuls marjvena mtevani edo mkerdze, marcxena - welze; ConCxis sigrZe 1. 75 m-ia; samarxis Wrilis [228] sigrZea 1.80 m; sigane - 0.50 m; Semowyobili aqvs sxvadasxva zomis

kirqvebi.

# 0706 samarxis inventari (226) (227)

samarxSi sxvadasxva saxis inventari amovida: micvalebulis Tavis qalasTan samxreTi mxridan Semowyobili hqonda mcire, ruxi Seferilobis qoTani da wiTeli feris WinWila; micvalebulis ybis qveS ido Savi feris mogrZo pastis mZivi, TeTri zoliT; xelebZe ekeTa brinjaos 3-3 samajuri, gaxsnili boloebiT da gvelis stilistur gamosaxulebiani daboloebebiT;

ConCxis Semdeg gamovlinda brinjaos rombiseburi formis ori sayure da

beWedi. aseve mravlad aRmoCnda pastis sxvadasxva Seferilobis mZivebi. gamovlenili masalis, dakrZalvis wesis da zogadad fenis (231) gaTvaliswinebiT samarxi elinisturi periodiT daTariRda.

aqve gTavazobT 2007 wlis sezonze gamovlenili sxvadasxva

masalisgan damzadebuli mcire monapovrebis sias:

monapo- varis #

ko

nteqsti

aRweriloba siRrme

koord.

1 (137) spilenZis nivTis fragmenti -3.58 m. 105.005/205.200 2 (174) spilenZis moneta -3.97 m. 99.3/201.2 3 (174) rkinis lursmani -3.53 m. 96.65/209.80 4 (174) minis WurWlis fragmenti -3.53 m. 96.20/207.60 5 (199) brinjaos samajuri -3.66 m. 205.75/100.12 6 (198) minis mZivi -3.68 m. 100.0/205.75 7 (211) salesi qva -3.40 m. 103.75/210.08 8 (211) brinjaos samajuris fragmenti -3.32 m. 106.25/212.4 9 (226) brinjaos sayure -3.62 m. 99.05/207.15 10 (226) spilenZis oTxkuTxa ganivkveTiani nivTi -3.63 m. 98.75/207.20 11 (226) tyviis nivTi -3.69 m. 99.25/207.20 12 (226) pastis 2 cali mZivi -3.74 m. 100.70/206.70 13 (216) naxSiri C14-sTvis -3.74 m. 102.3/205.44 14 (217) rkinis lursmani -3.45 m. 96.0/212.40 15 (213) rkinis lursmani -3.74 m. 101.45/201.10 16 (226) brinjaos sakinZi -3.74 m. 99.80/206.60 17 (226) spilenZis naWeri -3.72 m. 99.25/206.80 18 (226) Tixis qoTani -3.65 m. 100.40/206.60 19 (226) Tixis WinWila -3.66 m. 100.40/206.65 20 (226) pastis Savi mZivi -3.73 m. 100.35/206.75 21 (226) brinjaos 3 c. samajuri ConCxis (227) marjvena xelze -3.72 m. 100.10/206.80 22 (226) brinjaos 3 c. samajuri ConCxis (227) marcxena xelze -3.74 m. 100.00/206.25 23 (226) brinjaos sayure -3.69 m. 100.50/206.75 24 (226) lurji minis mZivi -3.68 m. 100.45/206.68 25 (226) pastis da minis mZivebi (yelsabami) -3.73 m. 100.35/206.75 26 (226) brinjaos fragmentebi -3.70 m. 100.40/206.50 27 (226) brinjaos beWedi -3.76 m. 100.40/206.88 28 (226) minis mZivi -3.76 m. 100.34/206.65

arqeologiuri masalis mimoxilva saangariSo periodSi sul rva samarxi aRmoCnda. aqedan – sami amfora

– samarxi da xuTi ormosamarxi. maT Soris erTi qristianuli xanis – uinventaro, erTi Zalian areuli da nakluli ConCxiT, savaraudod kremaciuli, erTi uinventaro elinisturi xanis ormosamarxi da oric inventariani.

amforebi yavisferkeciani, monarevebis Semcveli Tixis, SedarebiT Txelkedliania, patar zomis, dabali da ufro swori yeliT ori maTgani, mesames ki etyoba zeda nawilSi mcire Seberiloba. dabali lilviseburad Sesqelebuli piriT. kvercxiseburi korpusi, brtyelganikveTiani patara zomis yurebi pirs axlos da korpusis zeda nawilze mrgvalad miZerwili. SemorCenili qusli – momrgvalebuli aqvs. erT maTgans etyoba Zirze spiraluri xvia, erTs sustad gamokveTili welSezneqiloba etyoba. maTi zomebi meryeobs 50-60 sm, p. dm-8-11 sm-ia.

or maTgans yurze patara zomis simetriuli formis TiTis anabeWdi aqvs. erTs _ TiTo iqiT da aqeT, xolo meores – erT-erTi yuris ZirSi da meore yurTan ki – ori tyupad. garda fosoebisa erT amforas korpusis zeda nawilSi (↑) isari aqvs amokawruli – meores ki – Canglis magvari niSani. ( )?

maTi analogi yvelaze adreuli nimuSebi Zv.w. IV s. – II naxevriT aris daTariRebuli. isini ZiriTadad imeoreben sinopuri amforebis formebs. esaa didi kvercxiseburi tani dabali yeli, patara lilviseburi piriT. patara yurebi TiTqmis pirtanaa miZerwili. zog maTgans yuris mierTebis adgilas TiTis anabeWdi aqvs datanili.

IV-III saukuneebis kolxuri amforebis warmoebaSi SeimCneva garkveuli cvlilebebi. isini naklebad masiurebia. korpusi ramdenadme grZeldeba, yurebi ufro momrgvalebulia, Ziri-Riliseburi. MmTlianobaSi isini emsgavsebian sinopur amforebs.

xolo III-II kolxuri amforebi ukve kargavs maTTan msgavsebas da iReben ufro originalur saxes. korpusi odnav grZeldeba, yeli mokldeba da masze Cndeba mcire Seberiloba. SeimCneva welSi gamoyvanis niSnebi, maTi keci ufro Txelia, Zirze Signidan spiraluri xviaa. aRsaniSnavia, rom yvelaze adreuli welSi gamoyvanili amforebi dafiqsirebulia zemofarcxmaSi Zv.w. III-II ss.1 da rasac analogi Crd. SavizRvispireTSic masalebSi eZebneba.2

xolo Zv.w. II-I saukuneebSi, ukve welSezneqili amforebis analogebi ZiriTadad kolxeTSive aqvs, aseve afxazeTSi rogorc xmeleTze, aseve zRvis siRrmeSic.3

Tu Zv.w. IV-III ss-is amforebi met-naklebad standartuli formisaa, Zv.w. II-I saukuneebis amforebs meti mravalferovneba axasiaTebs.4 sxvadasxvanairad da ufro rTulad profilirebuli wibo. rac Seexeba qusls, aris rogorc konusuri, aseve Riliseburi – Zir-gafarToebuli formac. gansxvavebulia bakoc – lilviseburi da mcired dabrtyelebuli.

aseve sainteresoa kolxur amforebze datanili damRebi da niSnebi. es ukanaskneli svel Tixaze amokawvriTaa datanili: TiTis anabeWdebi da isris sxvadasxvanairi variantebi. eseni ZiriTadad saxelosnos an

1 vaSakiZe n. zemo farcxmis qvesamarxebi, sdoZ, III, 1985. 2 Дашевская О, Отчет Донузлавской экспедиции ИА, АН СССР, 1986 w. 3 Воронов Ю., Археологическая карта Абхазия, soxemi, 1969 w. 4 Цецхладзе. Производство амфорной тары в колхиде, Греческие амфоры, м. 1992. gv.

ostatis an warmoebuli raodenobis mimaniSnebeli unda yofiliyo. aRsaniSnavia, rom aseTi niSnebi dafiqsirebulia kramitsa da qvevrebzec.

cnobilia, rom Zv.w. IV saukuneSi kolxeTSi Semosvlas iwyebs sinopas nawarmi. xolo Zv.w. IV s. Sua xanebidan iwyeba kolxuri amforebis warmoebac – sinopas tradiciebis mixedviT anu minabaZebi. ar aris gamoricxuli isini sinopuli meTuneebis daxmarebiTac keTdeboda.

yovelive zemoTqmulisa Cveni nimuSebi Zv.w. III-II ss. nawarmad unda miviCnioT, radgan am drois kolxuri amforebi zomaSi pataravdeba, yelze Cndeba mcire Seberiloba, xviac ganagrZobs arsebobas. aseve SesamCnevi xdeba mciredi welSi Sezneqiloba, rac Semdgom, aTaswleulebis mijnaze ufro SesamCnevi xdeba.

samive amforaSi Cvili bavSvis ConCxi dafiqsirda. saerTod elinisturi xanis kolxeTSi dakrZalvis ZiriTadi forma qvesamarxi yofila, magram bavSvebs iSviaTad amforaSic krZalavdnen. es wesebi gavrcelebuli yofila berZnul samyaroSi.1 svanuri eTnografiuli wyaros2 mixedviT ki, bavSvebs 3 wlamde saerTo sasaflaoze ar marxavdnen, aramed-saxlSi. sainteresoa, rom aseTive yofila gavrcelebuli antikur samyaroSic.

saangariSo periodSi aRmoCenili rva samarxidan – mxolod oria inventariani.

ormosamarxi # 4. ormo SemosazRvruli iyo didi zomis kldis qvebiT. ConCxi areuli, magram damxroba mainc ikveTeba, aRmosavleTidan – dasavleTisaken. samarxi bavSvisa yofila.

samarxeuli inventari: 1. brinjaos 1 cali samajuri. 2. nairsaxovani mZivebis acma. 3. qoTani.

ormosamarxi # 8. ormo SemosazRvruli iyo sxvadasxva zomis kir-qvebiT. ConCxi dasvenebuli iyo mcired mokrunCxuli, aRmosavleTidan-dasavleTisaken, marjvena gverdze.

samarxeuli inventari: 1. WinWila, 2. qoTani, 3. brinjaos 6 c. samajuri, 4. mZivebis mozrdili acma, 5. ori cali brinjaos sayure, 6. beWedi rkinis erTi (romelic preparaciis dros daiSala).

keramika: WinWila, Ria moyavisfro, SedarebiT kargad ganleqili, Txelkedla

da patara zomis. pirgaTxelebuli da gadaSlili. yeli dabali, korpusisken kargad gaSlili, dabali, Suaze dabrtyelebuli muceli, brtyeli Ziri. brtyeli, ganieri yuri pirs qvemoTa da muclis zeda nawilzea oTkuTxad miZerwili.

qoTani, moyavisfro-Calisfrad gamomwvari, Txelkedla, patara zomis, uyelo, pirgadaSlili, korpusi Tanabrad mrgvali, Ziri-brtyeli, brtyelganikveTiani patara zomis cali yuri odnav zeaweuli, mrgvladaa muclis zeda nawilze miZerwili. etyoba cecxlis kvali.

qoTnis fragmenti, agusrisfrad gamomwvari, Tixa minarevebiani, uxeSad gamomwvari, kecSi-nacrisferi, gamouwvavi. SemorCenilia mxolod qveda naxevari, Zirbrtyeli, Tanabrad gafarToebuli korpusiT.

vizualurad yvela es nimuSi kolxuri nawarmia da gvianelinistur xanas unda miekuTvnos.

1 Марченко И., Раскопки восточного некрополя Фанагории, 75, 1956, gv. 112. 2 Гобеджишвили Я., сочинения, t. 6, 1958.

mZivebi. am samarxebis mZivebi gamoirCeva didi mravalferovnebiT, rogorc masalisa, aseve formebisa da feris mixedviT. dafiqsirebulia yvelaze meti raodenobis pastisa da minis wvrili mZivebi – e.w. iotebi. agreTve qvis mZivebi – sxvadasxva zomis sardioni sakmao raodenobiT, lurji xalebiani minis, keramikis TeTri CanarTiT, agreTve _ ZafebiT Savi feris gamWvirvale minis, lurji, waxnagebiani da erTi cali `Tvladi~ mZivi, agreTve oqros folgiani wvrili mZivebi.

adreantikuri xanis mZivebi ufro masaliTa da naisaxeobiTaa cnobili. maTSi Warbobs egvipturi nawarmi: faiansi da sxva. elinistur xanaSi ki isini ufro masobrivi moxmarebis wakeTobiTaa warmodgenili. am dros iwyeba xmelTaSuazRvis qalaqebis nawarmis Semosvla. amavdroulad icvleba mZivebis masalac. mometebulad Cndeba sardioni, sadafisa da minisa da pastis iotebi. am droisaTvis ukve mcirdeba saerTod qvis mZivebis _ qarva, faiansi da gansakuTrebiT izrdeba minis masala, Cndeba daZerwili da ZafiT inkustrirebuli mZivebic.

am dros saberZneTi kargavs am nawarmSi Tavis prioritetul mdgomareobas da win iwevs xmelTaSuazRvis qalaqebi – rodosi, agreTve mzireaziuli mimarTuleba.

Zv.w. III saukuneSi pirvelad Cndeba acmaSi didi raodenobiT sardioni, romelic ufro damaxasiaTebeli iyo adreuli periodis aRmosavleTisaTvis – xmelTaSuazRva, Crd. afrika, sparseTi, indoeTi.

arqeologiurad ki sardionis mZivebi iwarmoeboda mxolod indoeTSi. Semdeg igi Tavs iyrida aRmosavleTis bazrebze da iqidan vrceldeboda mTel antikur samyaroSi.

Zv.w. III saukuneSi, roca momravlebas iwyebs minis mZivebi Cndeba teqnika, romelic imeorebs Zv.w. VI-V ss. qvis mZivebis poliqromias.

mZivebis acma, romelic moicavs minasa da sardions – aseTi tandemi ufro damaxasiaTebelia kavkasiisaTvis Zv.w. VI-V ss-dan moyolebuli,1 ise rogorc xmelTaSuazRvis auzisaTvis.

elinisturi xanis samarxebSi TiTqmis aucilebelia mravalferovani mZivebis arseboba. isini gvxvdeba rogorc qalis, aseve mamakacis samarxebSi. isini ZiriTadad sam tips moicaven – qvis, minisa da brinjaosi. qvis mZivebi warmodgenilia sardioniTa da opaliT. amave dros maTSi TiTqmis yvelgan dafiqsirebulia didi raodenobiT minisa da pastis sxvadasxva feris wvrili mZivebi, e.w. iotebi. rac Seexeba e.w. `Tvlad~ mZivebs, isini metwilad erTi egzemplariTaa warmodgenili sakmaod mravalferovan da didi raodenobiT acmaSi.

aseTive suraTia dablagomSi2 da farcxanayanevis amavdroul samarxebSic. krupnovis azriT3 aseTi mZivebi Zv.w. VI-V saukunis dasavleT saqarTvelodan xdeba Crd. kavkasiaSi. amave elinistur xanis kolxeTSi Cndeba folgiT dafaruli mZivebic, romlis teqnologiasac aleqsandrias ukavSireben.4

sakidiani sayure brinjaos mrgvalganikveTiani rgoli, zed – ovaluri sakidiT. saerTod sayure am drois TiTqmis yvela samarxSia. aris Cveulebrivi sada rgolebi nakeTebi brinjaos, vercxlisa da oqrosagan. raodenobiT Warbobs brinjaos sayureebi. mrgvalganikveTiani sada, Tavgaxsnili rgolebi, iSviaTad brtyelganikveTiani Rero, zogi

1 Алексеева Е, Античные бусы северного причерноморья, 1975, gv. 54-56. 2 Куфтин Б, Материалы, II, gv. 52. 3 Иващенко М., кувшинные гогребения в западной Грузии, СА, XIII, 1950. 4 Крупнов Е , Древняя истоия Северного Кавказа, gv. 293.

martivi ornamentiT Semkuli. am martivi sayure-rgolebis garda gvxvdeba mZivSekiduli sayureebic. zogze mrgvali pastis mZivia Sekiduli, zogze ki – ovaluri sakidi, rogorsac warmoadgens Cveni nimuSi. aseTi moZravsakidiani sayureebi mxolod gvanelinistur xanaSi Cndeba – samTavro, ufliscixe. maTi zusti analogia – zemofarcxmis gvianelinisturi qvevrsamarxidanaa. aseve samTavros elinisturi xanis qvevrsamarxSi, romlebic kargad TariRdeba masSi aRmoCenili gemiani beWdebiT.1 saerTod aseTi sayureebi iSviaTobas warmoadgens.

samajurebi: brinjaosi, sada, ovalurganikveTiani, zurgSezneqili Rero, Tavebi gvelisTavis sqematuri gamosaxulebiT. cxvir-piri mkveTrad gamokveTili da winwaweuli, Tvalebi wertilebiTaa gadmocemuli. isini axlo analogebs pouloben dablagomis, farcxanayanevSi,2 eSeris samarxebSi da romlebic Zv.w. III s. TariRdebian.3

cnobilia, rom liTonis samajurebi samarxis zusti TariRisaTvis mTlad sando ar aris. maTi klasifikacia ki _ SesaZlebelia.

samarxTa aRmoCena-Seswavlam gviCvena, rom samarxis daTariRebis

dros pirvel rigSi gasaTvaliswinebelia dakrZalvis forma. radgan igi gansazRvravs religias da mis yvelaze konservatul nawils warmoadgens. dakrZalvis formaSi gasaTvaliswinebelia micvalebulis sqesi, socialuri mdgomareoba da TviT gardacvalebis xasiaTic ki.1

samarxTa Seswavlis Sedegad istorias kidev erTi istoriuli wyaro emateba, romelic ufro naTlad warmoaCens erTi romelime regionis mosaxleobis ama Tu im xanis cxovrebis wess.

aqedan gamomdinare, Tu Tvals gadavavlebT noqalaqevSi saerTod aRmoCenil samarxebs, saerTo gansazRvriT, elinistur xanas, Sedegad mivirebT rom am drois noqalaqevSi orive tipi samarxisa Tanaarsebobs. miuxedavad imisa, rom elinistur kolxeTSi dakrZalvis forma qvevrSi yofila.

dResdReobiT aRmoCenil qvevrsamarxebis arealSi noqalaqevi mis ukiduress ganapira zolSi xvdeba. aqedan gamomdinare, SeiZleba vivaraudoT, rom aq raRac procesebi ufro nela mimdinareobda, an es iyo gardamavali xaniT gamowveuli mdgomareoba. gasaTvaliswinebelia, rom am drois samarxebSi cvlilebebi dakrZalvis wesSi: iaraRis gaqroba, samkaulis gaCena, rac TavisTavad socialuri da ideologiuri cvlilebebis Sedegi unda yofiliyo. xolo is garemoeba rom erT SemTxvevaSi micvalebulis qvevrSi asaflaveben da meore SemTxvevaSi – ormosamarxSi, ama Tu im regionis lokaluri TaviseburebiTac SeiZleba aixsnas. vTqvaT, meurneobis gabatonebuli wesi da sxva.2

amis kargi magaliTia samTavros samarovani, sadac qvevrSi damarxvis wesi metad gavrcelebul formas warmoadgens, magram ara erTaderTs. mis paralelurad arsebobas ganagrZobs Zveli wesi –

1 Максимова М., Геммы из некрополя Мцхета-Самтавро, ssmm, XVI-B. 2 Tolordava g, dakrZalvis wesebi elinisturi xanis saqarTveloSi, 1980. 3 grigolia g., fxakaZe g., baramiZe m., lorTqifaniZe g., dasavleT saqarTvelos saZiebo-arqeologiuri eqspediciis 1966 wlis muSaobis Sedegebi, mska V, 1973 w. vaSakiZe n., sufsa natanebis auzis antikuri xanis arqeologiuri Zeglebi. 1975w. 1 Федоров Г., Об обряде погребения как историческом исторчнике, историко-археологический источник, МГУ, 1962. 2 Tolordava v. masalebi qarTlis samefos istoriisaTvis, Zv.w. III-I ss. mska. III, 1963 w.

injebis

ormosamarxebSi dakrZalva, ra Tqma unda am droisaTvis damaxasiaTebeli inventariT. dasaflavebis am tradiciul wess xalxi qvevrsamarxebis Semdgomac didxans inarCunebs mTeli antikuri periodis manZilze1 gamomdinare zemoTqmulidan orive inventariani samarxi unda daTariRdes gvianelinisturi (Zv.w. II-I) xaniT. aseve TviT samarxis amforebic.

noqalaqevis eqspediciis 2007 wlis paleobotanikuri kvlevis Sedegebi noqalaqevis midamoebis paleobotanikuri kvleva ukanasknel dromde ar Catarebula. 2006 wlis Semodgomaze monawileoba miviRe noqalaqevis arqeologiuri eqspediciis muSobaSi. Catarebuli samuSao atarebda erTgvarad dazverviT xasiaTs. kvlevis Sedegebi moxsenebuli iyo 2007w. 17-23 ivniss, q. krakovSi Catarebul paleoeTnobotanikosTa me-14 saerTaSoriso seminarze, Tezisebi gamoqveynda saTauriT: „Archaeobotanical evidence from the West Georgia (South Caucasus) “ gadacemulia statia saerTaSoriso JurnalSi: ’’Vegetation History and Archaeobotany“ gamosaqveyneblad 2007 wlis agvistoSi noqalaqevSi gagrZelda kvleva. arqeologiuri eqspediciisas aRebuli masala damuSavda savele pirobebSi arqeobotanikuri kvlevisTvis miRebuli Tanamedrove meTodiT. (aRebuli sinjebi Cveulebriv irecxeboda 3 sxvadasxva sixSiris sacerebze - 4mm, 1mm, 0,5mm). Seswavlilia 90-mde nimuSi, maTgan mxolod ramodenime sinjis fraqcia moklebulia ganamarxebul naSTebs. ganamarxebuli karpologiuri masala raodenobrivi siuxviT ar gamoirCeva, Tumca sakmaod saintereso da mravalferovani saxeobrivi speqtri miviReT da axali Sedegebi mniSvnelovnad avsebs 2006 wels gamovlenil mcenareTa sias.. gamovikvlieT 24 sinjidan 90-mde nimuSi - I Txrilidan 23sinji UF54, 56, 57, 58, 59, 62, 63, 64, 66, 72, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 84, 85, 86, 89, 92, 96, 97 (nimuSi N10 dan N65mde ) da erTi sinji – IV Txrilidan UF 100 (UF100-is 3 nimuSia Seswavlili: N 23, 27, 40) A Txrilidan Seswavlili nimuSebi. ( cxrili N 2.) Seswavlil sinjebSi ganamarxebul mcenareTa Teslebi da nayofebi araTanabradaa warmodgenili. saxeobrivi SemadgenlobiT ganamarxebuli masala araerTgvarovania SedarebiT mravalricxovania marcvlovanTa da parkosanTa ojaxebis warmomadgenlebi. danarCeni ojaxebi Asteracea, Polygonaceae, Labiatea a.S 1-2 saxeobiTaa warmodgenili. gamokvleuli mcenareebi ganekuTvnebian rogorc kulturul, ise velurad gavrcelebul saxeobebs. ,gansakuTrebiT uxvadaa fetvis karbonizebuli Tesli. masala warmodgenilia karbonizebuli mcenareuli narCenebiT. namarxi karpologiuri kompleqsi warmodgenilia veluri da kulturuli saxeobiT. ganamarxebuli mcenareTa Teslebisa da nayofebis gansakuTrebuli siuxviT gamoirCeva UF 63, 67, 96, 97 da UF 100 sinjebi. miRebuli Sedegebi warmodgenilia cxrilis saxiT (1 ,2, 3). marcvleuli kulturebidan aRsaniSnavia xorblis 5 saxeoba : Triticum monococcum, Triticum dicoccum, Triticum timofeevii, Triticum aestivum, Triticum compactum, qeris Hordeum vulgaris subsp. distichon, Wvavis- Secale cereale, fetvis- Panicum 1 Tolordava v. das. naSromi, gv. 162.

miliaceum da Romis Setaria italica karbonizirebuli Teslebi. kulturul parkosan mcenareebidan Vicia faba- cercvi, Lens culinaris –ospi ,Cicer arietinum - muxudo, Lathyrus sativus - culispira Pisum sativum L.- barda Vicia ervilia – ugrexeli. kulturuli mcenareTa Soris mniSvnelovania vazis Vitis vinifera, leRvis ficus carica, kaklis Juglans regia da Txilis Corylus avelana-s nimuSebi sameurneo mniSvnelobis -kolxuri selis Linum bienne-s danaxSirebuli Teslebi da nayofTa narCenebi. veluri balaxovani mcenareebidan gamoavlinda saxeobebi, romlebic ekologiurad tenian adgilsamyofelTanaa dakavSirebuli Polygonum hidropiper.- walika, Cyperus sp., L Plantago media L- mravalZarRva da sxv. Seswavlil nimuSebSi xorblis saxeobebidan dominantobs ori saxeoba: Triticum dicoccum- asli da Triticum aestivum- rbili xorbali . rbili xorblis sxva saxeoba Triticum compactum qondara xorbali -, iseve rogorc Triticum monococcumi daTriticum timofeevii- mxolod ramdenime sinjSi erTeuli marcvlebis saxiT gamovlinda.

Triticum monococcum Triticum dicoccum

.

Triticum timofeevii

Triticum aestivum Triticum compactum Seswavlili saxeobebidan mniSvnelovania TavTaviani marcvleuli kulturebidan fetvis da Romis karbonizebuli Teslebis arseboba, rac adasturebs mosazrebas, rom fetvnairni erT-erTi uZvelesi da farTod gamoyenebuli kultura iyo dasavleT saqarTveloSi. gansakuTrebiT uxvadaa nimuSebSi warmodgenili fetvis karbonizebuli Teslebi.

Setaria italica Romi

Panicum miliaceum fetvi Secale cereale- Wvavi

N

Hordeum vulgaris ssp. distichon- orriga qeri,

არქეობოტანიკური მონაცემებით პარკოსან kulturebidan დას. საქარTველოდან მხოლოდ Lathyrus sp. culispira-s მონაცემი cnobili (ჩიხორი-V B.C.) Pisum sativum L.- barda

არქეოლოგიური Zეგლებიდან ბარდის უძველესი მონაცემი ცნობილია 1 ცალი თესლი არუხლოდან (VI-IV B.C.) ციხია გორასა (IV-III B.C.) და დედოფლის გორაზე ( I century A.D.) რამდენიმე თესლი ასევე წაგვლიdan.

Cicer arietinum l.- muxudo.- velurad ar gvxvdebauZvelesi kulturuli sakvebi mcenarea, 2000m simaRlemde izrdeba. lobios Semotanam am mcenaris, iseve rogorc sxva

parkosani kulturebis meurneobaSi gamoyenebac mniSvnelovnad SezRuda. mniSvnelovania aseve Vicia ervilia L ugrexelis -karbonizebuli Teslebis gamovlena, es mcenarec domestikaciis pirveli etapidanve, cnobilia, rogorc xorbleulTa Tanmyoli, sarevela mcenare. neoliTidanve (mcire azia) gakulturebuli saxeobaa, iyenebdnen sakvebad, aseve saqonlis gamosakvebad. Lathyrus sativus - culispira- aseve erT-erTi uZvelesi sakvebi kulturaa,

iTeseboda mindvrad. ეთნობოტანიკური მონაცემებით დას. საქართველოSი parkosan kulturebs Zველიდროიდანვე farTo gamoyeneba hqonda,

gansakuTrebiT უპირატესობა ცერცვს,Vicia faba L, როგორც ტენის მოყვარულ

მცენარეს ენიჭებოდა. bardis, ცერცვის ospis da ugrexelis უძველესი nimuSebi - ენეოლითის ხანის (VI-IVss.) არქეოლოგიური ძეგლebიდანაა გამოვლენილი სამხრეთ

საქართველოდან .

Vicia faba- cercvi

Lathyrus sativus culispira

Lens culinaris -ospi

ganamarxebuli karpologiuri masalaSi gamovlinda agreTve karbonizebuli Linum bienne Mill – kolxuri selis Teslebic.

Linum bienne Camelina sativa

Camelina sativa Grantz.-wiwmata seli-aseve sazeTe mcenarea da aseve selis Tanmdevi sarevelaa. erT saerTo kompleqsSi selis da misi Tanmdevi sarevelebis Camelina sativa Grantz.-,Lolium remotum, Meniocus linifolius (Steph)DC(=Alyssum linifolium Steph) mcenareTa narCenebis gamovlena gvafiqrebinebs, rom SesaZlebelia mosaxleoba marcvleul kulturebTan erTad selis warmoebasac misdevda. kulturuli mcenareTa Soris mniSvnelovania leRvis, kaklis, Txilis, vazis -rogorc veluri ise kulturuli saxeobis, nimuSebi. Vitis sylvestris Gmel. –veluri vazi bunebrivad izrdeboda da exlac mravladaa dasavleT saqarTvelos, kerZod kolxeTis tyeebSi karbonozebuli wipwaTa fragmentebi gvxvdeba umravles sinjebSi. dauzianebeli, sruli saxiT wipwebi mxolod A Txrilidan Segvxvda, zog nimuSSi SesaZlebelia veluri da kulturuli vazis wipwis fragmentebisa da xalazis zomebis mixedviT saxeobis doneze identificireba.

Vitis sylvestris- veluri vazi

Vitis sp. fragmentebi Juglans regia-kakali

Vitis vinifera kulturuli vazi Ficus carica leRvis ganamarxebuli nayofi

gamokvleul NnimuSebSi kulturuli marcvleul da parkosan mcenareebis TeslebTan erTad gvxvdeba zemoTaRniSnul kulturebisaTvis damaxasiaTebeli maTi Tanmdevi sarevela mcenareTa Teslebi. namarxi karpologiuri kompleqsi warmodgenilia segetaluri, ruderaluri da bunebrivi savargulebis Semdegi sarevela saxeobebiT: Vicia hirsuta Gray- rogorc marcvlovnebisa da parkosani kulturis sarevela, aseve gvxvdeba gzispirebsa da buCqnarebSi.

Lathyrus hirsutus –matkvarcana, es saxeoba kulturuli vazis Tanmdevi specifiuri sarevela. gvxvdeba marcvlovanTa da parkosanTa naTesebSi aseve Vicia tetrasperma- cercvela)- farTod gavrcelebuli erTwlovani sarevela, Vicia villosa Roth- banjgvliani cercvela- xorbleulis, aseve parkosan kulturebis sarevela. Vicia sepium mravalwlovani mcenarea, izrdeba mdeloebze rogorc sarevela, rudelaruli mcenarea, saqonlis sakvebadac gamoiyeneba Vicia sativa L.var. lensisperma- ospisebri cercvela - asarevlianebs Svrias, qers saqonlisTvis sakvebad gamoiyeneba. Lolium temulentum -RvarZli- erTwlovani marcvlovnebis sarevela, ormwkriva qerisa da Svriisagan advilad ganirCeva, magram wvrili marcvlebisagan misi gancalkeveba SeuZlebelia ,amasTan sokoTi aavadebs purs da amwarebs fqvils, etaneba ruderalur adgilebsac, gzebsa da buCqnarebs.

aseve Lolium remotum erTwlovani mcenarea, asarevlianebs xorbleuls da Wvavis naTesebs da gansakuTrebiT selis Tanmdevia- vinaidan Teslis zomebiT emsgavseba maTi gancalkeveba SeuZlebelia,saZovari kulturaa

Dactylis glomerata.-saTiTura- ruderaluri sarevela balaxia CvenSi velurad izrdeba baridan 2200 m.- Mentha sylvestris-Ltyis pitna. ekologiurad tenian adgilebs etaneba, mdinaris da tbis pirebze amasTan asarevlianebs qerisa da ionjas naTesebs

Eragrostris minor Host xorbleulis, bambis da Tambaqos naTesebs asarevelianebs. Chenopodium album L.- nacarqaTama, erTwlovani rudelaruli mcenarea,naTesebis sarevela,izdeba gzispirebze, eTnobotanikuri monacemebiT warsulSi farTod gamoiyeneboda sakvebad Polygonum hidropiper L.- walikaL

izrdeba gansakuTrebiT tenian adgilebSi, mdeloebze, mdinarispirebze. gvxvdeba marcvleulTa - xorblis, qeris, Wvavisa da Svriis naTesebSi.

Plantago media L.- mravalZarRva- mravalwlovani sarevelaa mdeloebze,gsazispirebsada sacxovrebel adgilebTan izrdeba. Plantago media Cyperus sp. warmodgenili masala saSualebas gvaZlevs miviCnioT, rom aRniSnul periodSi noqalaqevis teritoriaze mosaxleoba aqtiur sameurneo cxovrebas eweoda. ganamarxebul karpologiur kompleqsSi kulturul mcenareebis- rogorc sakvebi racionis ZiriTadi komponentebis gamovlena,. aseve kompleqsSi naTesebis sarevelebisa Tu ruderaluri mcenareTa Teslebis arsebobac metyvelebs adamianis nasaxlarze, mosaxleobis aqtiur sameurneo da yofiT saqmianobaze. Seswavlili masala balaxovani safaris Semqmneli saxeobebis simravliT ar xasiaTdeba, gamovlenili saxeobebi sxvadasxva daniSnulebis mqone mcenareebs warmoadgenen. maTi umravlesoba ekologiurad tenian adgilsamyofelTan dakavSirebuli mcenareebia. gamovlenili mcenareuli naSTebi ZiriTadad segetaluri da rudelaruli mcenareeebi tipiuria uZvelesi nasaxlarebis, gzispirebsa da mdinarispira adgilebisTvis da maTi gavrceleba SesaZloa–antropogenuli zemoqmedebis Sedegi iyos.

cxrili N1

sinjis N (UNITE)

nimuSis N s a x e o b a sinjis aRebis sinjis

nomeri nomeri TariRi moculoba L

UNITE N laTinuri saxelwodeba

UF 54 10 Triticum dicoccum 1 28.07.07 19,0 Elymus/Eremophylum type 1 Cereal charcoal fragments 3 Panicum miliaceum 1 Setaria italica 2 Vitis chalaza,Vitis fragments UF 56 11 Vitis vinifera fragments 2 28.07.07 12,0 Juglans regia fragments Corylus avelana fragmants

Triticum dicoccum 1 Triticum dicocum fragments

Lens culinaris half fragment 1 Setaria italica 2 Polygonum hidropiper 1 Vicia tetrasperma 2 Vicia hirsuta 1 Carex pulilifera uncarb. 1 Euphorbia falcata uncarb. 1

UF 57 12 no palaeobiological evidance 29-31.07.07 22,0

UF 57(2) 13 Triticum aestivum 1 29.07.0707 9,0 Vitis chalaza fragments 1 Unidentifited fruits 2 Cypresaceae uncarbonaized Juglans regia fragments UF 58 14 no palaeobiological evidance 30.07.0707 9,0 UF 59 15 Vitis chalaza fragments 3 30.07.0707 9,5 unidentifited fruit Cereal fragments UF 62 17 Panicum miliaceum 2 1-2.08.07 12,0 Vitis fragments little seed Legumes 5 Cereal charcoal fragments Setaria italica 1 Lens culinaris 1

UF 62 51 Triticum dicoccum 1 10.08.07 12,0 Panicum capillare 1 Trifolium/Lotus type 1 little seed Legumes 2 Triticum fragment 2 Lens culinaris 2 Charcoal Echinicloa gruss-gali uncarb 2 Unidentifited fruit 1 UF 63F2 22 Triticum sp. 1 2-3.08.07 12,0 Panicum miliaceum 2 Setaria italica 3 Lens culinaris 2 Vitis fragments Corylus avelana fragments Setaria sp. 3 UF63 32 Triticum aestivum 1 7.08.07 12,0 Echinichloa sp. 1 Panicum miliaceum 2 Vicia hirsuta 2 Panicum miliaceum 2 Triticum sp. 1 Linum bienne 2 Unidentifited cereales 3 Vitis fragments UF 63 F2 21 Unidentifited fruits 2 01.08.07 5,0 Plantago media uncarb. 1 Panicum miliceum 3 Triticum aestivum 1 Vitis vinifera fragments Triticum dicoccum 4 Triticum compactum ? 2 Junglas regia fragments Linum sp. 1 Unidentifited fruit 1 UF 64 20 Allium cepa uncarb. 1 1.08.07 700ml Triticum sp fragments 3 Echinochloa sp. 1 UF 66(1) 16 Vicia hirsuta 1

Setaria sp. 1.08.07 12,0 Vitis vinifera fragments

UF 66(2) 18 Vitis sp. fragments 1-2.08.07 12,0 little seed Legumes

Panicum miliaceum Triticum aestivum 4 Triticum dicoccum 2 Panicum miliaceum 2 Lens culinaris 2

Pisum sativum fragment Setaria glauca 1 Chenopodium sp. 1 Triticum fragments Charcoal UF 66 28 Polygonum sp 1 6.08.07 12,0 Triticum dicoccum 1 Triticum fragments 1 Setaria italica 1 Juglans regia fragments 2 Vitis chalaza Charcoal many UF 66F2 25 Triticum dicoccum 1 6.08.07 20,0 Latyrus sp. 1 Setaria sp. 1 Linum bienne 1 Pisum sativum 1 Vicia hirsuta 1 Vicia gracca 1 Cicer arietinum 3 Vicia villosa 2 Vicia sativa ssp. segetalis 3 Vicia ervilia 4 Plantago media 1 Linum ussitatissimum 2 Chenopodium album 1 Menta sylvestris 1 UF 66F3 19 no palaeobiological evidance 1.08.07 9,0

UF 67 F2 36 Triticum dicoccum 1 8.08.07 18,0 12,0

Rumex crispus half seed Eleusina indica 1 Panicum miliaceum 1 unidentifited fruit 1 Plantago lanceolata uncarb 1 UF 67F3 24 Althea officinalis fruit 1 6.08.07 12,0 Triticum sp. 1 Juglans regia fragment 1 Linum ussitatissimum uncarb 1 Lens /Vicia tetrasperma type 2 Cereal unidentif UF 72 30 No palaeobotanical evidance 7.08.07 12,0 UF 72 26 No palaeobotanical evidance 6.08.07 12,0 UF 72 38 No palaeobotanical evidance 9.08.07 300ml UF 72 43 ? 9.08.07 12,0 UF 72 82 Triticum dicoccum 1 21.08.07 20,0 Triticum compactum 1

Vicia faba 1 Vicia sepium 2 Vicia ervilia 1 Lathyrus hirsutus 2 UF 72 97 Echinochloa sp. 2 23.08.07 12,0 Panicum miliaceum 2 Catabrosa aquatica/Palaris sp. 1 Eleusine indica 1 Digitaria linearis 1 Eragrostis minor 4 Lolium temulentum 6 Camelina sativa 1 Setaria verticilata/glauca 1 Pisum sativum fragment Panicum miliaceum 1 Panicum capillare? 1 UF 72 93 Secale cereale 1 23.08.07 16,0 Triticum compactum type 1 Unidentifited fruits 2 Oxalis stricta 3 Rumex / Polygonum type 1 Cereal charcoal fragments UF 74 29 Legum half fragment 7.08.07 12,0 Charcoal n UF 74 45 No palaeobotanical evidance 9.08.07 12,0 UF 74 59 Triticum aestivum 2 13.08.07 12,0 Triticum/Hordeum type 1 Panicum miliaceum 3 Potentilla recta 1 UF 74 81 Panicum miliaceum 1 21.08.07 12,0 Triticum aestivum 2 Unidentifited fruit 2 Cereal fragm Charcoal , bones UF 75 35 Triticum aestivum 2 8.08.07 12,0 Triticum dicoccum 1 Panicum miliaceum 1 Agrostemia githargo uncarb. 1 UF 75B1 31 Oxalis stricta 2 7.08.07 22,0 Hordeum distichon 1 Triticum sp.& fragments 1

UF 75 B2 39 Hordeum vulgare 1 9.08.07

12,0 Triticum aestivum 1 Lens culinaris 1 Viola sp.uncarb. 1

UF 75 B1 54 Linum bienne 1 13.08.07 Cereal fragments unidenti.cereal 3 UF 75 65 Triticum & Millets fragment 16.08.07 5,0 UF 75 68 Triticum dicoccum 1 16.08.07 7,0 Linum ussitatissimum uncarb. 1 UF 75B2 78 Triticum and Millets fragments n 21.08.07 23,0 UF 76A1 34 Secale cereale 1 8.08.07 16,0 Panicum miliaceum 2 Triticum aestivum/compactum 1 Triticum dicoccum 1 Charcoal UF 76A1 37 Charcoal n 8.08.07 12,0 UF 77 48 Triticum fragment 10.08.07 12,0 Pisum fragm. Legume fragment Cereal fragments 2 UF 78 46 Panicum miliaceum 2 9.08.07 5,0 Oxalis stricta 1 little seed Legumes 2 Cereal fragments UF 78 52 No palaeobotanical evidance 10.08.07 12,0 UF 79 47 Eleosina indica 1 10.08.07 25,0 Triticum dicoccum 2 Cereal fragments 1 Chenopodium album 1 UF 84A1 42 Triticum aestivum/spelta type 1 9.08.07 12,0 Panicum miliaceum 1 Triticum sp. Juglans regia fragment Cereal fragments UF 84 A1 67 Triticum dicoccum frag. 1 16.08.07 12,0 Panicum miliaceum 3 Junglas fragm. 1 Unidentifited fruit 2 Oxalis stricta 1 UF 84 85 Hordeum vulgare sp.distichon 1 21.08.07 12,0 Triticum dicoccum fragment Triticum sp. fragment 1 Triticum aestivum 2 Secale cereale 2 Cyperus sp. 1 Corydalis solida 1 Cyperus 1

Meniocus linifolius 1 Panicum miliaceum 2 Ficus carica 1 UF84 79 Triticum dicoccum 1 21.08.07 12,0 Cereal fragment UF 85 A1 33 Charcoal fragments 1 8.08.07 8,0 Ranunculus repens uncarbon. 1 UF 86 B1 44 Setaria italica 1 10.08.07 12,0 Triticum dicoccum 1 charcoal fragments UF 86 B1 62 Triticum dicoccum 2 15.08.07 5,0 Panicum miliaceum 2 Charcoal UF 86 84 Triticum dicoccum 1 22.08.07 6,0 Cereal fragment UF 86 49 Triticum aestivum 1 10.08.07 12,0 Triiticum fragm. Millets fragm, 3 Lens culinaris 4 Panicum miliaceum 2 UF 89 50 Triticum dicoccum 1 10.08.07 12,0 Hordeum vulgare 1 Panicum miliaceum 3 Triticum fragments UF 92 57 Panicum miliaceum 2 13.08.07 10,0 Vitis vinifera fragm 1 Junglas regia fragm 3 UF 92 55 Panicum miliaceum 1 13.08.07 5,0 Ficus carica 1 6,0 UF 92 60 No palaeobotanical evidance 13.08.07 UF 92 61 No palaeobotanical evidance 15.08.07 UF 92 63 No palaeobotanical evidance 15.08.07 6,0 UF 92 80 Setaria italica 1 21.08.07 15,0 Menta arvensis 2 Corydalis solida/ 1 Unidentied fragments 3 Vitis chalaza 2 UF 96 83 Oxalis stricta 1 21.08.07 20,0 Hordeum vulgare 1 Panicum miliaceum 2

Lens culinaris 2 Unidentied fruit fragments 2 Triticum spelta Lithospemum sp? Echinochlne gruss-galii 1 Myosotis versicolor n Triticum fragment 1 Vitis vinifera fragm 1 Juglans regia fragments 1 Unidentied fragments 2 Charcoal UF 97 56 Polygonum/Rumex 1 13.08.07 12,0 Juglans regia frag UF 97 58 Panicum miliaceum 2 13.08.07 Vitis vinifera fragm Unidentied fruit fragments 2 UF 97B2 64 No seeds. nor bones 13.08.07 UF 100 23 Setaria italica 2 6.08.07 16,5 Triticum dicoccum 2 Lens culinaris 3 Vicia hirsuta 3 Vicia tetrasperma 6 Vicia villosa 3 Vicia sepium L. 2

Vicia ervilia 1 Latyrus aphatica 6 Latyrus hirsutus 1 UF 100 27 Triticum dicoccum 2 7.08.07 12 ,50 Vitis vinifera fragment Linum bienne 1 Triticum dicocum 4 Pisum sativum 1 Juglans regia fragment 2 Setaria italica 1 Setaria glauca 1 Lathyrus small seed 1 UF 100 40 No palaeobotanical evidance 6-9.08.07 25,0

cxrili N2

nimuSis sinjis N s a x e o b a sinjis aRebis sinjis

nomeri nomeri TariRi moculoba L

N

N53 little vessel Setaria italica 1 13.08.07 150ml Vitis fragment

N65 SK(199) Fill(198) Triticum dicoccum 1 16.08.07 Charcoal, bones

N66 ,,Sieve/Flot'' Linum bienne 1 16.08.07 Panicum miliaceum 10 Triticum sp. 1 Polygonum hidropiper 1

Cirsiun/Seratula type 1 Triticum dicoccum 1 Vitis fragments

N69 Nok 07/A(218) Triticum dicoccum 1 17.08.07 Fill from Panicum miliaceum n

post hole 1/2&2/2 Setaria italica 1 unidert. fruit 1

Juglans regia fragm 1 Lens culinaris 1

N70 Nok 07/A sample

N3 (205) bones, zoolog mater. 18.08.07 Bag2 of

N71 Fill (208) Of>K(209) Panicum miliaceum 4 18.08.07 Setaria italica 3

Juglans regia fragm Triticum dicoccum 1

Cereal unidentifited 1

N73 (223) 2/2 <8> ? 20.08.07 10,0

N74 (214) > 1/2 Triticum aestivum 1 20.08.07 10,0 Setaria italica 1 Pisum sp. Veronica sp 1 Triticum fragm. 1

N75 (214) <7 > 2/2 Vicia faba 2 21.08.07 10,0 Vicia ervilia ? Lens culinaris 6 T. aestivum / durum 1 Pisim sativum/humile 1

Setaria italica 2 Panicum miliacum 1

Eleusine indica 1 Chenepedium album 1 uncarbonaised seed

N76 (226) <9> Bag1 of 21.08.07 10,0 Triticum aestivum 1 Vitis sylvestris 3 Lathyrus sativa 2 Setaria italica 2 / Setaria verticilata 1 Panicum miliaceum

N87 (226) <9> Bag1 of Vitis vinifera fragments 1 23.08.07 Lens culinaris 1 Spergularia cegetalis 1

N88 (226) <9> Bag2 of Panicum miliaceum 1 23.08.07 Triticum. dicoccum 1 Triticum timofeevii 2 Triticum aestivum frag 1 Linum bienne 1 Vitis fragm. 1 Pisum sativum fragm 1 Lens culinaris 1 Linum bienne 2 Juglans regia fragm. 1 Myosotis sp. 1

N89 (226) <9> Bag4 of 23.08.07 Triticum dicoccum Vitis sp. fragmentis

Tritikum aresticum ? 1

Panicum miliaceum 4 Vitis fragm 1 Lens culinaris

N90 (226) <9>Bag 3 of Chercoal 1 Panicum miliaceum 1 Vitis fragm Polygonum hidropipper 1 Setaria sp. 4 Altheae officinalis 1 Eleusina indica 1

N91 (216) <10> Burn Triticum aestivum 1 23.08.07 clay deposit Vitis sylvestris Vitis vinifera fragm. n Triticum fragments Sorbus sp. 1 Juglans regia 1

N92 (220) <6> Pisum sativum 1 23.08.07 Lens fragments 1 Panicum miliaceum

Setaria italica Lolium remosum 1 Vitis fragm. Oxalis stricta 1

N94 (226) <9> Bag Triticum dicoccum 24.08.07 10 of Pisum /Lens sp. 3 Juglans regia fragm 1 Dechampsia flexuosa 1 Triticum aestivum 1 / Triticum durum type Panicum miliaceum 2 Setaria italica 2

N95 (226) <9> Bag Vitis vinifera .fragm 1 24.08.07 9 of Setaria italica 1 Secale cereale 1 Triticum dicoccum 1 Lens culinaris 1 Oxalis stricta 1 Juglans regia fragment Millet’s fragment unidertifited fruit

N96 (226) <9> Bag 3 24.08.07 6 of Setaria italica 2 Vitis vinifera .fragm 1 Setaria italica Vitis vinifera .fragm Vicia tetrasperma/ervilia 1 Pisum sativum 1 Triticum dicoccum 1

N97 (226) <9> Bag Vitis fragm 24.08.07 5 of Panicum miliaceum 10 Lens culinaris Sambucus ebulus 1

N98 (226) <9> Bag Triticum aestivum 1 24.08.07 7 of Panicum miliaceum 1 Carex panicea 2 Triticum dicoccum 1 Vicia / Iathyrus type 1 Vitis vinifera fragm Millet fragm. n Setaria italica 1 Eleusine indica 1

N99 (226) <9> Vitis vinifera 1 25.08.07 15,0 Grave Fill Vitis fragment 1 Lathyrus hirsutus 1 Tritticum fragments 1 Vitis vinifera n

N100 (226) <11> Charcoal 1 25.08.07

Vitis vinifera 1 Hordeum distichon Lens culinaris 1

N101 (226) <9> Bag Triticum fragments 25.08.07 Paniacum miliaceum 1

N102 (226) <9> Bag Vitis fragm. n 25.08.07 12,0 Setaria sp. 1 Charcoal 1 Triticum dicocum 3 Triticum compactum 1 Panicum miliaceun 12 Vitis fragm 1

N103 (226) <9> Bag Panicum miliaceum 25.08.07 12,0 Triticum aestivum 1 T.aestivum /compactum 1 Setaria italica 1

N104 (226) <9> Grave Fill

Setaria italica 1 15,0

Panicum miliaceum 1 Vitis sp.

N105 (226) of SK(227) Panicum miliaceum 2 25.08.07 150 ml soil sample from Setaria italica 1 from vessels Panicum capillare 1

noqalaqevis sarestavrcaio-sakonseravacio laboratoriaSi 2007 wlis zafxulSi Catarebuli kameraluri samuSaoebis

a n g a r i S i

Sinaarsi:

1. qarTul-inglisuri eqspediciis mier 2006 wlis sezonze aRmoCenili masalis restavracia-konservacia 2.1 keramika

2.2 liToni

2.3 mina da qva

2. sakonservacio samuSaoebis baraTebi 3. samxatvro akademiis mcire xelovnebis restavracia-konservaciis

fakultetisa magistrebis da britaneli studentebis sazafxulo praqtika

1. 2007 wlis sezonze aRmoCenili masalis konseravcia-restavracia

noqalaqevis qarTul-inglisuri arqeologiuri eqspediciis mier 2006 wlis sezonze mopovebuli masala mTlianad 2006 wels noqalaqevis bazaze daarsebul savele-sakonservacio laboratoriaSi iqna damuSavebuli.

aRmoCenebis damuSavebisas gamoiyeneboda Tanamedrove msoflio sarestavracio praqtikaSi arsebuli meTodikebi da masalebi.

1.1. keramika

keramikuli masala adgilzeve iqna gawmendili. mopovebul masalaSi didi raodenobiTaa warmodgenilia Tixis WurWlis fragmentebi da samSeneblo masala, romelmac aseve mxolod fragmentuli saxiT moaRwia Cvenamde.

fragmentebi sxvadasxva feris aris, rac Tixis xarisxsa da gamowvis xasiaTsa da temperaturazea damokidebuli. ZiriTadad aris baci yavisferi, wiTeli an Savi fragmentebi. gansxvavebulia warmodgenili keramikuli masalis sisqec. keramikuli masalis didi nawili, romelic noqalaqevSive iqna garecxili, gamSrali da gatarebuli datovebul iqna noqalaqevis arqeologiuri muzeumis fondSi.

danarCeni keramikuli masala sxva ganaTxar-liTonis, minis, Zvlis nivTebTan da adamianis Zvlovan masalasTan erTad noqalaqevis laboratoriaSi restavracia-konservaciis Semdeg transportirebul iqna saqarTvelos erovnuli muzeumis s.janaSias saxelobis saqarTvelos muzeumis noqalaqevis fondSi.

keramikuli masalis nawili dafarul iyo miwiTa da moTeTro-monacrisfro karbonatebis feniT. amitom pirvel rigSi aucilebeli iyo am nadebis mocileba. garecxvamde masala daxarisxda erTmaneTisagan gancalkevda kargad da cudad daculi keramikis fragmentebi, radgan ukanasknelis garecxva wyalSi, miT umetes mJavaSi dauSvebelia.

miwisa da sxva meqanikuri nadebis mocilebis mizniT fragmentebi movaTavseT wyalSi, davtoveT 2-3 saaTis ganmavlobaSi da Semdeg TiToeuli natexi gavrecxeT jagrisis saSualebiT. drodadro vrecxavdiT gamdinare wylis qveS. bolos movaTavseT gamoxdil wyalSi.

dasasrul davawyveT specialur Taroebze da gavaSreT oTaxis temperaturaze. rac Seexeba karbonatebiT dafarul masalas, is movaTavseT ganzavebul marilis mJavaSi (HCI) da davayovneT karbonatebis srul daSlamde. karbonatebis fenis mocilebis Semdeg keramika gavrecxeT gamdinare wyalSi jagrisis saSualebiT da gadavitaneT wylian abazanaSi, sadac davtoveT meore dRemde. meore dRes gavrecxeT isev gamdinare wyliT jagrisis gamoyenebiT da bolos movaTavseT gamoxdil wyalSi. dasasrul davawyveT specialur Taroebze da gavaSreT oTaxis temperaturaze.

ganaTxari keramikuli masalidan srulad aRdga ramodenime WurWeli. am masalis restavraciis msvleloba calkea gamoyofoli :

1. nivTis dasaxeleba: amfora

2. masala: Tixa 3. nivTis Senaxvis adgili da

sainventaro nomeri:

s.janaSias sax. muzeumi,

noqalaqevis fondi.

4. mopovebis adgili da TariRi:

senakis r-ni, sof. noqalaqevi, amforasamarxi in-situ

amforasamarxi 1, Txrili A, konteqsti #189, 2007 weli

5. nivTis daculoba da aRweriloba:

amfora iyo damtvreuli (127c. fragmenti). dafaruli iyo miwiTa da sxvadasxva nadebiT. Tixa mowiTalod gamomwvari. 6. nivTze Catarebuli samuSao:

amfora restavraciamde

amforis fragmentebi movaTavseT gamoxdil wyalSi da rbili jagrisis saSualebiT gavwmindeT. periodulad wyals vcvlidiT.

dasasrul gavaSreT oTaxis

temperaturaze.

amforis aRdgenis procesma gvaCvena, rom WurWeli Tavis droze specialurad iyo

gadaWrili. erT adgilas aqvs maSindeli Cartymis adgilis naxvreti.

amforis aRdgena movaxdineT polivinil-acetatis weboTi.

amforis mxaridan yelze gardamaval monakveTze dafiqsirda samkapas formis graffito.

nakluli adgili, adrindeli Cartymis adgilis garda, SevavseT TabaSiriT da SevRebeT odnav gansxvavebuli feris akrilis saRebaviT.

gamoyenebuli masala:

1. gamoxdili wyali, 2. polivinilacetati, 3.TabaSiri, 4. akrilis sarebavi.



sainventaro nomeri:

s.janaSias sax. muzeumi, noqalaqevis fondi.

4. mopovebis adgili da TariRi amforasamarxi in-situ

senakis r-ni, sof. noqalaqevi, amforasamarxi 2,

Txrili A, konteqsti #220, 2007 weli


amfora iyo damtvreuli (133c. fragmenti). dafaruli iyo miwiTa da sxvadasxva nadebiT.

amfora restavraciamde Tixa mowiTalod gamomwvari. 6. nivTze Catarebuli samuSao

amforis fragmentebi movaTavseT gamoxdil wyalSi da rbili jagrisis saSualebiT gavwmindeT. periodulad wyals vcvlidiT. dasasrul gavaSreT oTaxis temperaturaze.

amforis aRdgenis procesma gvaCvena, rom WurWeli Tavis droze specialurad iyo gadaWrili sigrZeze.

amforis aRdgena movaxdineT polivinilacetatis weboTi. amforis mxaridan yelze gardamaval adgilze dafiisris formis grafito.

qsirda

amfora restavraciis Semdeg

nakluli yuri aRdgenil iqna TabaSiriT. aseve TabaSiriT iqna Sevsebuli nakluli adgilebi.



sainventaro nomeri:


4. mopovebis adgili da TariRi

senakis r-ni, sof. noqalaqevi, amforasamarxi in-situ amforasamarxi, Txrili A, konteqsti #205, 2007 wlis agvisto.


amfora iyo damtvreuli (110c. fragmenti). dafaruli iyo miwiTa da sxvadasxva nadebiT. Tixa mowiTalod gamomwvari, Tumca umetesi fragments etyoboda cecxlSi yofnis kvali.

amfora restavraciamde 6. nivTze Catarebuli samuSao

amforis fragmentebi movaTavseT gamoxdil wyalSi da rbili jagrisis saSualebiT gavwmindeT. periodulad wyals vcvlidiT. dasasrul gavaSreT oTaxis temperaturaze.

amforis aRdgena movaxdineT polivinilacetatis weboTi. mesame amfora aRmoCnda yvelaze dazianebuli. aklda orive yuri. fragmentebis faqturac dazianebuli iyo. xdeboda ganSreveba.

amforis nawili nakluli adgilebisa, simyaris gazrdis mizniT Sevsebul iqna TabaSiriT.

amfora restavraciis Semdeg

1. nivTis dasaxeleba: 1. qoTnis tani, 2. qoTani, 3. xelada

2. masala: Tixa 3. nivTis Senaxvis adgili da sainventaro nomeri:



senakis r-ni, sof. noqalaqevi, 2007 wlis agvisto, Txrili A,

konteqsti:

1. #199,

2. #226 (ConCxis kont.#227), sav. #18

3. #226 (ConCxis kont.#227), sav. #19


1. qoTnis tani iyo damtvreuli (17c fragmenti). 2. qoTani iyo mTeli, Camotexili qonda mxolod piri, 3. xelada iyo damtvreuli. samive WurWeli dafaruli iyo miwiTa da sxvadasxva nadebiT.

6. nivTze Catarebuli samuSao WurWlebis fragmentebi calcalke movaTavseT gamoxdil wyalSi da

rbili jagrisis saSualebiT gavwmindeT. periodulad wyals vcvlidiT. dasasrul gavaSreT oTaxis temperaturaze.

qoTnis tanisa da xeladis aRdgena movaxdineT polivinilacetatis weboTi. #18 qoTnis piri da xeladis nakluli adgilebi, simyaris gazrdis mizniTa da vizualuri mTlianobis aRsadgenad Sevsebul iqna TabaSiriT.


1. gamoxdili wyali, 2 polivinilacetati, 3. TabaSiri

1. qoTnis tani

2. qoTani (sav.#18) 3. xelada (sav.#19)

1.2. liToni

2007 wlis arqeologiuri gaTxrebis dros mopovebuli liTonis masalaSi warmodgenilia rkinis, brinjaos da tyviis nivTebi. brinjao dafaruli iyo miwiT, sxvadasxva meqanikuri nadebiTa da patiniT. rkinis nivTebi dafarul iyo rkinis JangeulebiT, miwiTa da sxvadasxva meqanikuri nadebiT. amdenad saWiro iyo am masalis damuSaveba da Semdgomi konservacia. ZiriTadad, yvela nivTi gawmendil iqna dRes msoflio sarestavracio praqtikaSi arsebuli meqanikuri wmendis meTodebiT.

bolos konservirebuli nivTebi SefuTul iqna aRmoCenebis pirveladi daxmarebis meTodikebiT da moTavsebul iqna specialur yuTSi, Sesabamis fardobiT tenianobaze, romlis kontrolic silikagelisa da indikatoruli baraTis daxmarebiT xorcieldeboda.

TiToeul nivTze Catarebuli samuSaoebis dokumentacia cal-calkea warmodgenili:

1. nivTis dasaxeleba: 1. moneta 2. sayure 3.sayure 4. spilenZis nivTis

fragmentebi ; 5. samajuris fragmenti ; 6. Rero 2c 2. masala: brinjao 3. nivTis Senaxvis adgili da sainventaro nomeri:

s.janaSias sax. saqarTvelos muzeumi, noqalaqevis fondi, savele nomeri 1. #2; 2. #9; 3. #23; 4. #1; 5. #8 ; 6. #16


senakis r-ni, sof.noqalaqevi, Txrili A, konteqsti 1.#174 2.#226 3.#226 4.#137; 5.#211 ; 6. #226. 2007 wlis agvisto

5. nivTis daculoba da aRweriloba: nivTebi dafaruli iyo miwiTa da spilenZis JangeuliT. 6. nivTze Catarebuli samuSao: meqanikuri nadebisa da miwis mosaSoreblad nivTebi moTavsebul

iqna spirtSi da rbili jagrisiT gaiwminda. Semdeg gaiwminda binokularis qveS. bolos bormanqanaze damagrebuli reziniT. samuSaoebis dasrulebis Semdeg masala daifara paraloid b72_is acetonxsnariT. gamoyenebuli masala: 1. spirti; 2.acetoni, 3. Paraloid B72

1. moneta 2. sayure

3. sayure 4. fragmenti 5. samajuris fragmenti 6. Reroebi

1. nivTis dasaxeleba: 1. samajuri 2. masala: brinjao 3. nivTis Senaxvis adgili da sainventaro

nomeri:

s.janaSias sax. saqarTvelos muzeumi, noqalaqevis fondi, savele #5


senakis r-ni, sof. noqalaqevi, Txrili A, konteqsti #199, 2007wlis agvisto


samajuri wamocmuli iyo ConCxis xelze da mas miwa amagrebda. samajuris

fragmentze nadebis qveS kargi patina fiqsirdeboda. 6. nivTze Catarebuli samuSao:

saWiro iyo samajuris frTxili ganTavisufleba miwisagan, rom ar gatexiliyo, amisaTvis is ZvalTan erTad movaTavseT spirtian WurWelSi da wkirebiTa da rbili jagrisiT Zvali da samajuri nel-nela gancalkevda.

Semdeg samajuri gaiwminda binokularis qveS. samajuri mTlianad kargi patiniT iyo dafaruli. bolos bormanqanaze damagrebuli reziniT. samuSaoebis dasrulebis Semdeg masala daifara paraloid b72_is acetonxsnariT.

gamoyenebuli masala: 1. spirti; 2.acetoni, 3. Paraloid B72

1. nivTis dasaxeleba: 1. samajurebi 3c. (marcxena xeli), 2. samajurebi 3c. (marjvena xeli) 2. masala: brinjao 3. nivTis Senaxvis adgili da sainventaro nomeri:

s.janaSias sax. saqarTvelos muzeumi, noqalaqevis fondi, savele:

1. #21; 2. #22


senakis r-ni, sof.noqalaqevi, Txrili A, konteqsti #227, 2007w. agvisto

5. nivTis daculoba da aRweriloba: #1 samajurebi wamocmuli iyo ConCxis marcxena xelze @#2

samajurebi –marjvena xelze da maT miwa amagrebda Zvlebze. 6. nivTze Catarebuli samuSao:

saWiro iyo samajurebis frTxili ganTavisufleba miwisagan, rom ar gatexiliyo, amisaTvis is ZvlebTan erTad movaTavseT spirtian

WurWelSi da wkirebiTa da rbili jagrisiT Zvali da samajuri nel-nela gancalkevda.

Semdeg samajurebi gaiwminda binokularis qveS. bolos gaiwminda bormanqanaze damagrebuli reziniT. gatexili samajurebi Sewebda aralditiT. samuSaoebis dasrulebis Semdeg masala daifara paraloid b72_is acetonxsnariT.

gamoyenebuli masala: 1. spirti; 2.acetoni, 3. Paraloid B72, 4. Araldite

1. samajurebi 3c. (marcxena xelidan)

2. samajurebi 3c. (marjvena xelidan)

1. nivTis dasaxeleba: sudaris Sesakravi

2. masala: tyvia 3. nivTis Senaxvis adgili da sainventaro nomeri:

s.janaSias sax. saqarTvelos muzeumi,

restavraciamde

noqalaqevis fondi. savele #11

4. mopovebis adgili da TariRi:

senakis r-ni, sof. noqalaqevi,

Txrili A, konteqsti (226), 2007w restavraciis Semdeg

5. nivTis daculoba da aRweriloba nivTi iyo mTeli. dafaruli sxvasxvasxva meqanikuri nadebiTa da miwiT. 6. nivTze Catarebuli samuSao: meqanikuri nadebisa da miwis EmosaSoreblad nivTi moTavsebul iqna spirtSi da rbili jagrisiT Egaiwminda. kargad gaSrobis Semdeg nivTs Cautarda konservacia paraloid b72_is acetonxsnariT. gamoyenebuli masala:

1. spirti 2. Paraloid B72; 3.acetoni

2.3 mina minis masala mZivebis saxiT uxvad iyo warmodgenili. mina irizirebuli gaxldaT. 1. nivTis dasaxeleba: 1. mZivebi; 2. mZivi 2. masala: mina 3. nivTis Senaxvis adgili da sainventaro nomeri:

s.janaSias sax. saqarTvelos muzeumi, noqalaqevis fondi. sav.#8 ; #6


senakis r-ni, sof. noqalaqevi, Txrili A, konteqsti 1. #198 ; 2.#6 3.#

5. nivTis daculoba da aRweriloba: fragmentebi zedapirulad iyo irizirebuli 6. nivTze Catarebuli samuSao:

WuWyis EmosaSoreblad minis fragmentebi moTavsebul iqna spirtSi da rbili jagrisiT gaiwminda. Semdeg irizaciis mosaSoreblad fragmenti moTavsda pH<7 xsnarSi da iwmindeboda gamdinare wylis nakadis qveS. samuSaoebis dasrulebis Semdeg minis fragmentebi daifara paraloid b72_is acetonxsnariT.


1. spirti; 2. Paraloid B72 ; 3. H+ 4. acetoni

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

samarxi konteqstis #226 (ConCxi #227)

yvela restavrirebul nivTze Seiqmna sarestavracio samuSaoebis da gamoyeb\nebuli masalis amsaxveli baraTebi. (ix. danarTi)

3. sazafxulo treiningebi

noqalaqevis qarTul-inglisuri arqeologiuri eqspediciis xelmZRvanelis prof.d.lomitaSvilis TanxmobiTa da eqspediciis finansuri mxardaWeriT 2007 wlis zafxulSi noqalaqevis laboratoriaSi

savele da sakonservacio-sarestavracio praqtika kvlav gaiares samxatvro akademiis mcire xelovnebis restavracia-konservaciis

fakultetis magistrebma. maTi Teoriuli codnis

safuZvelze praqtikuli samuSaoebi

vawarmoebineT arqeologiuri aRmoCenebis pirvelad daxmarebaze, SefuTvasa da kameralur damuSavebaze. garda amisa ufrosi restavratoris n.qebulaZis xelmZRvanelobiT monawileoba miiRes

noqalaqevis muzeumis brinjaos, rkinisa da keramikuli eqsponatebis restavracia-

konservaciaSi.

maT mier iqna Sedgenili

sakonseravcio- sarestavracio

samuSaoebis warmoebis dokumentaciis nawili.

qarTvel studentebTan erTad gawerili gegmis mixedviT treiningebi CautardaT inglisel studentebsac.

Documents

noqalaqevis arqeologiuri eqspedicia 2007 · Tbilisi 2008 . noqalaqevis arqeologiuri eqspediciis 2007 wlis . savele samuSaoebis angariSi . saqarTvelos erovnuli muzeumis, s. janaSias