ý

1683 William Penn's treaty with the Indians Bacteria discovered by Leeuwenhoek The Turks besiege Vienna

1686

ýýnonnl

1692 Salem witchcraft trials

_ ýý,. c .,

The American Revolution Bicentennial Administration Exhibition

Boston has eight bookshop, by this date

1687 Newton's Pnncipia Mathematicu

1688

-QIID !

mqý

1702 Anne, queen of England (1702-14

Anne

1689 King William's War between French

1693 William and Mary College chartered in Virginia

Deposition of James II of EnlanJ. the "Glorious Revolution'

1703 St. Petersburg (later Lenin

1704 Newton's Opticks First Anglo-Americ newspaper, Boston begins publication

1707 1696 Captain Kidd becomes a pirate 1698 Parliament opens slave trade to private merchants and English colonists (1689-97)

Beginning of seven decades of French. Indian and British contention for control of the fur trade and the eastern part of the North American continent William III and Mary of England (1689-1702) Locke's Two Treatises on Government

ICI

A souvenir of

designed by the Office of Charles and Ray Eames with the cooperation of the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York

through a grant from the IBM Corporation

N116am Pr, ' Indians, 1683

IOHANN X11 '1 IAN NACH CHRISTOrHER \VREN 1632-1723 ANTONIO VIVALDI 1675-1741 WILLIAM PENN 1644-1718 ROBERT HOCKE 1635-1703   ISAAC NEWTON 1642-1727   SAMUEL PEPYS 1633-1703 = COTTON MATHER 1663-1723 DANIEL DEFOE 1661-1731 - JOHN VANBRUGH 1664-1726 JONATHAN SWIFT 1667-1745

Cotton Mather condemns witchcraft in his Wonders of the Invisible World, 1693

Peace of Karlowitz; the end of Turkish power of offense in Europe

1700 Samuel Sewall's The Selling of Joseph, first American tract against slave-holding

1701 Yale College founded \V. ir 4 ýE, anuh Succ»i�n 11701-14)

w wrw "1 Yale College founded, 1701

WILLIAM HOGARTH 1697-1764 SAMUEL RICHARDSON 1689-1, -ol

VOLTAIRE 1694-1778

Boston News Letter begins public

JEAN SIMEON CHARDIN 1699-1779 -+ JAMES OGLETHORPE 1696-1785

ALEXANDER POPE 1688-1744

ý

]ONATHAN EDWARDS 1703-17

CARO

JEAN ANTOINE WATTEAU 1684-1721 . ý.. __... ____ __

CHARLES DE MQNTESQIýIEU 1689-1755 JUMTH ADDISON 1672-1719, JOHN LOCKE 1632-1704 -

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1684 1686 1688 90 1692 1694 16% 1698 1700 1702 1704 1706

1708 1710 1712 1714 1716 1718 1720 1722 1724 1726 1728 1730 1732 4)

Zgrad) founded

1711 First publication of Addison's Spectator Pope's Essay on Criticism

_7-/ cfil _I can w

, lýL i News Letter,

Death of Aurangzeh; breakup of Mogul Empire in India

1714 George 1, king of England (1714-27)

1715 Death of Louis XIV of France; Louis XV, king of France (1715-74) Blenheim Palace completed

1709 Gusmao makes first balloon ascent in Lisbon

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1710 Cotton Mat er's Essays to Do Good Wren completes St. Paul's in London

n on January 6, in Boston

My elder brothers were all put apprentices to different trades. I was put to the grammar school at eight years of age, my father intending to devote me, as the tithe of his sons, to the service of the church. At ten years old I was taken home to assist my father in his business, which was that of a tallow-chandler and sope-boiler.

172 3 Runs away to Philadelphia

1724 Goes to London (1724-26) and works in a London printshop

1718 Apprenticed to his brother ). mir, sprint r

, tter.

cation, 1704

One ,t L"ui Lýý. luýn> ehtekatn. prex"nted at the court of Queen Anne, 1710

1721 Bach's Brandenburg Concertos Sir Robert Walpole becomes prime minister of England. his policy of "benign neglect" toward colonies prevails until 1760's

Louis XV

1718 Spanish found San Antonio French found New Orleans

1719 Defoe's Robinson Crusoe

1720 South Sea Bubble

Stratford, Virginia, built by Thomas Lee, 1725

1728 Bering discovers the Bering 5 John Bartram establishes the first American botanical gard

ý I

1724 Carpenters' Company founded in Philadelphia Yung Cheng expels Christian missionaries from China

1726 Swift's Gulliver's Travels

rJ cJ

Mark Catesby's Natural History, 1731

1727 Organizes the Junto Club

1728 Sets up his own printshoi

1729 Begins to publish t

1730 Takes Debor

1731 Son \\

1-1 12

Oglethorpe settles Savannah, Georgia, 17 31

CARON,

758

JEAN J ROUSSEAU 1712-1778

i 0 ton ROBERT ADAM 1728-1792 NNENW

DENIS DIDEROT 1713-1784 )LUS LiNNAEUS 1707-1773

DAVID HUME 1711-1776

1727 George 11, king of England (1727-601 Cadwallader Colden's History of the

1722 W'rues his Silence Dogood letters

ADAM SMITH 1723-1790 ..

IMMANUEL KANT 1724-1804

11 ý_ r

1708 1710 1712 1714 1716 1718 1720

; rafts

ýn

733 Ogler horpe settles Georgia P. "WAdfk

1740 Maria Theresa of Austria (1740-80) Frederick the Great, king of Prussia (1740-86)

1741 Jonathan Edwards' Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God

1742 Handel's Messiah War of Polish Succession Fred- ki;, ex

1734 Voltaire's Philosophical Letters

17 35 Joohn Peter Zenger acquitted in

11 liberty of the press trial in New York

17 36 John Wesley begins American preaching tour 1745

1738 John Winthrop begins teaching natural history at Harvard

1739 Slave rebellion in Stono, South Carolina The "Great Awakener; " George Whitefield, begins preaching tour in America

George II I Five Indian Narioný

17 37 Eiccomc< Pn, tm. t, tcr tor Philadelphia

AImana. l. ý733,

ie Pennsylvania Gazette

th Read to wife illiam horn

ý !'ý,, r Richard's Almana,

MN huher was employed, I, irh Mr. Fry, to make the first ii IItVirginia .. they possessed I. ccellent materials for so m iu (I1 the country ac is below hhte ridge; little being th, known beyond that ridg, He was the third or fourri, settler, about the year 17 ý that part of the cotintr) ir. I hue

... To myself he left

the Inds Wm 11 hirlt 1 was Iams

1757 Fathr Begin

RFRtiARII(7nECi I

DE BEAIJN tARCHAIS II32-l i yy

1751 Diderot 's Encyclopedia commences 1753 George Washington receives a come

I. mmwmý

FRANCISCO DE GOYA 1740-1828 JEAN ANTOINE HOUDON 1741-1828

BENJAMIN WEST 1738-1820 EDWARD GIBBON 1737-1794

Leyden jar invented British take Louisbourg from the French

1747 Voltaire's Zadig Richardson's Claris,, a

in the Virginia militia

1754 French and Indian War (175 Colonial conference at Alba

1756 Seven Years''

1757 Williat hecom

ý ., I AV', N The De: ch, t 6,

1748 Montesquieu's Spirit of the Lagos Humes Enquiry Concerning Hum, ri

1751

n Am, i, ir. Philo ophical Society

1754 Proposr, a plan of uniot 1756 Elected to R

Chosen colt the Philadel

1757 Sent to dis

1744 Publishes a pamphlet on hi, new "Pennsylvania fireplace''

ALESSANDRO VOLTA 1745-1827

JACQUES LOUIS DAVID 1748-1825

JAMES WATT 173tß-1819

1734 1736 1738 1740 1742 1744

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1748 Rctirc-n irti\r printrr. rrtain, ut intrrr llý 'c t1,1 1

.ýý, ýl, 1111 . Inc1 11,1! 1

17 43 6om .m .iF, r; i -'_it >üýid%cril, \ir;; inia

1746 1748 0 1752 1754

Elrrtr. l tu thr I'ennsylv; ini; Assembly His Experiments and Ohs n ations on Elea

published in London

1753 Named Depuiv Postmaster-G(

WILLIAM BLA

t«

WOLFGANG AMAD 4A

1 ý,. IN

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mimission

1754-63)

1761 John Winthrop lra. i> rýpc. litiýxý to Newfoundland to observe the Transit of Venus

1762 Catherine II, empress of Russia (1762-96) Rousseau's Social Contract

lhany, New York 1763

rs' War (1756-63)

Liam Pitt the Elder omes English prime minister

1759

xgc III

lectricity

Wolfe defeats Montcalm

The Peace of Paris ends French presence in North America Pontiac's Indian rebellion British Proclamation Line limits colonial westward settlement

Stamp Act Clive establishes British administration in India James Watt's improved steam engine

1764 Revenue Act imposed on the colonies

1769 Jp iin rsut} II }o_a iiat 1111 -loll 1775 in California International observations of the Transit of Venus

6ýH0 ' in the Battle of the Plains 1765 of Abraham and captures Quebec Voltaire's Candide brmsh Museum opens

1760 George III, king

of England 1 160-IS_201

1773

1770 Boston Massacre

Blackstone's Commentaries on the Laws of England begins publication

1766 Stain, Act repealed

1762 f,: I, lishes description of I, !, `glass armonica"

, General for North Americo

lion for the colonies o Royal Society : olonel of delphia militia

becomes unofficial spokesman for all the colonies 1766 Testifies against the Stamp Act

before the House of Commons

nt to London by the Pennsc'k., nia Assembly discuss the financial problem, ,t the colony

1760 Elected chairn,. ui of the Committee of Colonies and Trade ý ,: Society of Arts

ther dies , gins Latin and Greek studies

1760 Attends William and Mary College

.... vom

z .,.; .., --___., SLAKE 1757-U, 27

ADEUS MOZART 1756-1791

1769

1763 William Franklin appointed Governor of New Jersey

in Williamsburg (1760-62)

o% rr publication of the Hutchinson letters Dianissed as Deputy Postmaster-General IN, I)orah dies

1775 Returns to America

Elected president of the American Philosophical So, wtv

Amt rican War for Independence (, 1775-63) 17

1776 Painu. 's Common S, -nse

the Declaration of Independence 1776 Assists in drafting

William Franklin arrested for Loyalist convictions by American revolutionaries

Becomes a partner in the Grand Ohio Company for the purchase of western (an, l,

1777 1771 Begins his autobi,,, -, LI by

Lord North becomes English prime minister

1772 Committees of Correspondence founded First partitir n of Poland be Russia, Prussia, Austria

1772

Boston Tea Party Hastings appointed Governor-General of India

1774 First Continental C, ingress Louis XVI. Iring of France 1 1774-92)

Elected to il, r french Academy of Sciences

Adam Smith's The Wealth of Natrons

1777 Battle of Saratoga Con inental Army winters at Valley Forgc

1780 Gordon riots in j$ido

1781 Articles of Con! Cornwallis earn Kani's Criti, jur

1782 Rous-eai Bank f Passsee i

1774 Confronts Lords Committee for Plantation Affairs

Attends Constitutio Negotiates for French support for the War of Independence

1773 Appointed to Virginia 1778 Daughter Mary (Polly) born 17. Committee of Correspondence 1779 Serves as Governor

_cv11'770 01

1774 Writes A Summary View of 1767 JCts up Lm practice

in Williamsburg

1769 Serves in the Virginia House of Burgesses (1769-76)

1770 Shadwell burnt; moves

Philosophical Socie

Works to reform Virginia law (1776-79)

ý

the Rights of British America

01 V irguua ýII( 7-011

1780 Elected to Amrrica

1776 Drafts the Declaration of Independence

to unfinished Monticello 4

1762 Studies law with George Wythe ( 1762-67)

1764 In London again as agent for Pennsylvania;

1772 Marries Martha Wayles Skelton Daughter Martha (Patsy) horn

ELI WHITNEY 1765-1825 ROBERT FULTON 1765-1815

NAPOLEON BONAPARTE 1769-1821

LVD\V1G VAN BEETHOVEN 1770-1827

1781 Writes his N

1782 \ 'ite

1783

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i -

ROBERT BURNS 1759-1 THOMAS MALTHUS 1766-1834

796

34

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Virginia cedes western lands to Congress 1792

1786 Shays's Rebellion in Massachusetts against higher taxes Virginia adopts Jefferson's Statute for Religious Freedom

1787 Constitutional Convention

tderation ratified nders at Yorktown )f Pure Reason

1794

's Confessions 1790 First U. S. national census

:1 : \" : \: LI1Z

1795 Pincknecs Irate tcith Spain Ohio lands ceded by Indians after Battle of Fallen Timber.

forth America established in Philadelphia U. S. capital at Philadelphia 1796 Washington's Farewell Address f law permitting manumission of slaves in Virginia

eaty of Paris ends the War for Independence 1791 Bill of Rights

Jenner begins vaccination experiments

ciety of Cincinnati founded Survey of Washington, D. C., begins ,t hallnon ascent in Pari, by the MontýalI r hrothers Slaves revolt in Santo Domingo

gn-II, II,, ,41 ýr, i, r ýk tit E: iJ

1785 Elected president of Pennsylvania

resident of the Society r the Abolition of Slavery 1789

0

aCwenti<m 1787

, n; 34 Drafts a plan for organ. federal lands

4ý? j

1790 Benjamin Franklin dies on April 17th,

in Philadelphia

George Washingax:. First President of the United Statu 1789-97

ý.. ,

190 Washington (1790-93) Patsy Jefferson marries her second cousin Thomas Randolph

1792 Increases opposition to

Jac's TrcatNKosc.

us_ko I, ýad, a rc%olt in Poland

First French Republic (1792-1804) 1799 Death of George Washington Mary Wollstonecratt's Vindication of the Rights of Women

1793 David's Death of Marat Louis XVI guillotined

ýý; >

The French Republic declares war on England

Y 1785 Succeeds Franklin t, Mini, ter to France (1785-ri )

1786 Visits some English gardens - hi, only trip to England

: es on Virginia 1787 Trip to southern France

artha dies and northern Italy Adt i, e, Lt F, ivvette on the

lected to Congress Dec-

Hamilton's policie. 1794

NIP16.

1798 Alien and Sedition Acts 1806 Construction of Mad Malthus's An Essay on the Principle of Population Wordsworth and Coleridge's Lyrical Ballads 1807 Congress outl

Ellicott Ilan of Washington. D. C

John Adas f Thomas Jefferson 1797-tarnm h 1801-09

1800 Washington becomes new capital city

1803 Lluhlal: l Pur. -h, nr

1804

\ ice President :V er 1804 Reelected to a second John Adam 1 1, -1800) term as President Elected presid, i ýt of the American f'! tilosophical Society Polly Jefferson i>iarries her cousin John W. t, les Eppes

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1805

1801 President (if the United States (1801-1809)

4L

i' II

a

a

Treaty with Trip(, Il ends war with Barbar 'irate;

1807

Slave ship

it A'onticello 1803 Authorizes purchase of Louis! ýi1: 1: ,, I trI w Lewis and Clark Expedition

in

EUGENE DELACROIX 1799-1803

STENDHAI. 1781-1842 a MýWmmdmmmý

CHARLES BABBAGE 171)2-1871

JOHN KEATS 1795-1821!

ý, e 1797

1788 The Constitution ratified and federal government launched

1789 Fall of the Bastille

ABRAF

Gabriel Prosser leads a slave uprising in Virginia !-

1801 John Marshall nominated Chief Justice of the United Stat

GIUSEPPE MAZZINI 1805-1872

RALPH WALDO EMERSON 1803-1882

Rec, ,% ("s aI fron 1) c Fr Pro oll Eml r,,, o A

IR09

W 1

CHART

1SAMBARD K. BRUNEL 1

1810 1812 1814 1816 1818 1810 Mexicen \\; Ir hv L LieprnJcncc

hcginý

I li I

ates

1813 Robert Owen's A New View of Society George IV, king of England (1820-30)

n 304-14) Napoleon

deleine begins

claws African slave trade

1814 British burn Washington, D. C. 1821 Mexico wins independence

Francis Scott Key's The Star Spangled Banner 1823 Monroe Doctrine I nnis XVIII kino of France 11 81 4-2 41

ISIS Charlr, bultinclt hcgin> work on the national Capitol building Northern boundary of Louisiana settled by treaty with Great Britain

1819 Florida acquired by treaty with Spain

IN 17 Cmanru: lien of Erie Canal begins

Invu, n ', f i hr I`ric inJ 'J m"hým t 'milý

James Madison 1809-17

Jancs Mýrnroe 1817-25

1H14 11c, 1 ýýý ýýýý -r, ity (it Virginia

medal for his plow design pi:; 'rench Agricultural Society A Congress to pass the Act

Second Presidential term ends

1812 War of 1812 with British (1812-15) 1820 Missouri Compromise

The University of Virginia opens I82

1812 Resumes correspondence with lohn Adams

Fl 1 . FNE VIOLLFT-LF-DUC 1814-197P KARL MARX 1ö1ä-l Si

HARRIET BEECHER STOWE lull-189

HAM LINCOLN 1309.1365

'LES DARWIN ISO0-1SS2

Nest Florida annexed by the United States Goya's The Di-a ers of War

1811 Jane Austen's Sense and Sensibility L, iddite riots in England

CHARLES DICKENS 1812-1810

1824 La Fayette visits United States 1815 Battle of New Orleans Charles X, king of France (182430)

Battle of Waterloo Construction of the Royal Pavilion in Brighton begins

1819 Son-in-law Thomas Randolph hrcmics governor of Virginia

ýý

HENRY DAAD THOREAU 1817-1862

'ýý

LOUIS PASTEUR 1822-1595

McCormick invents the reaper Victor Hugo's Notre-Dame de Paris Stendhal's The Red and the Black Charles Darwin sails on the Beagle

1826 Niepce invents the permanent photograph

1827 Audubon'sBiel. w_1ýý, ), ý

1818 11rh, tcr,. -ýmcriý. n, Ih, nýni. nv

1830 Act for "removal" of eastern

uilc I, i!. ýr hcnS n. 1550'. : \i.... .ý

hohn Q. Adam> 1825-29

1826 Thomas Jetterson dies on July 4th, the same day as

John Adams

ml

Indians to beyond the Mississippi

1831 Nat Turner's slave revolt

Andrew Jackson 1829-37

1806-1859 FEODOR DOSTOEVSKY 1821-1881

LEO TOLSTOY 1828-1910

The lives of Benjamin Franklin and Thomas Jefferson together span 120 years: from Franklin's birth in 1706, when the British-American colonies were small, insecure, and bound to the mother country, to Jefferson's death in 1826, when the states were united and independent, with the inter- nal and external problems of a populous nation. Transplanted Europeans became Americans almost without knowing it. Immediate practical demands on the one hand, abundance of land on the other, transformed their habits and their expectations. And when these people found, in the 1760's, how little the British Ministry under- stood of what they had become and what could be expected of them, they gradually began to take responsibility for their own society. Franklin and Jefferson, more than any others, helped to transform their world by their written words. Franklin's sociable, opportunistic good sense, and Jefferson's imaginative insistence on principle-between them they provided the model, and the impetus, for much that was attempted in the next hundred years of American life.

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FRIENDS AND ACQUAINTANCES

Neither Franklin nor leffer, on i, an isolated hero. Both

were part of a network of energetic, informed, and ver- satile people, who acted on the assumption that society was what they made it. Scientists, publicists, craftsmen or merchants, there is no discontinuity between their individual pursuits and their share in political action.

The major premise of the Enlightenment -that Reason anu experience cowu oe pur to use rur time nappuiess of associated man"-converged with the immediate

needs and opportunities of the American situation, which most of these people faced every day. It was this

special combination of theory and circumstance that

made the American experiment possible. As prologue and background to the lives of Franklin

and Jefferson, here is a sampling of the friends,

associates, and some adversaries, that they had in

common.

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CONTRAST AND CONTINUITY

Franklin xva, altogether of the eighteenth century. He it vuc in th, I of i, lon ,I Swift and Johnson; and he spent almost 70 years of his life as a loyal citizen of the British colonies. He committed himself to Independence ýehrrlchi irre, llc hur Q, last resort. And he lived just long enough to see ... ..... I

congratulate the first President of the United State, Jefferson was only twenty at the time of the Stamp \, a, nv ý,, ., r I, c ready to question, and resist, the authority of Parliament, and he Icclaicd hinvclt

early for Independence. From 1776, his next 33 years were spent on the design and

workings of the new republic. A Romantic, bred in the Enlightenment, as third President he had before him the new entanglements of the nineteenth century But between the two characters there is a working continuity. Both thought of them-

selves as philosophers-members of an international community who believed that the sublime impartiality of sound knowledge could gradually tree men r cr�vhrrr It ri arhirr. ýr r�hcrr

THREE DOCUMENTS

Three spectacular documents still i. ind . a. i,, uchýtone. 101 iIn 'Ir(inüi, i of thr United States of America.

The Delaration of Independence was the work of Thomas Jefferson, in his ear le

thirties, in consultation with Franklin and John Adams. The Federal Constitution

was hammered out eleven years later, under the venerable Franklin's watchful eve, its chief artificer was Jefferson's close friend and colleague James Madison. And it

was Madison, urged on by Jefferson from France, who prepared the first ten con-

stitutional amendments-the Bill of Rights.

The documents themselves reflect the developing character of a nation newly founded by deliberate choice. First an exalted, singleminded appeal to the highest

principles; then a complex working project, an attempt to hold a balance among

conflicting demands; and then a reassertion of specific rights, grounded in principle, admitting no compromise. The documents are acts as well as words; they make a bridge between the

cosmopolitan political theory of the Fn lightentnent and its American practice. The

audacity of their phrases is still 11), rvp, rnurn; 111 11 nnteJ 1,1 ihr h, ir kI the American people" is still open.

JEFFERSON AND THE WEST

Jefferson, the son of a frontier mapmaker, was fascinated by the \vestern wilderness,

its unspoiled fertility and the societies that populated it.

The public lands were more than doubled, in Jefferson's Presidency, by the Louisiana Purchase. They were a capital resource for the Federal government, an option of personal independence for every citizen, and an essential condition for Jefferson', ideal of political freedom. Jefferson's great architectural legacy is his search for fair constraints on the use of the land-for ground rules that would hinder exploitation, and protect an expandioe , wciety of responsible freeholders. When he died, 50 years after Independence was declared, the expansion and dhc individualism that were part of the Jeffersonian vision had brought America to the edge of a new wilderness-a new complexity of commerce and production, th: u would alter the conditions of the American experiment almost beyond recognition

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NYca Amencan Phd. nophnaI Socnv.

Phd6ddph, a Burcn Musrum of WedRW«d.

M"", Pa Chosr Manhatnn Bank. NY Chnan, Hnmrval Sonrn Columhu Umvennv

Budrr Lihran Da"nd Eugrne Smnh G, Ilecaon

FrcIJ Museum o( Natural Hnron Ch. ago

Prrrr Findlay Hu. vrd Unsvrnny

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THE WORLD OF

FRANKLIN& JEFFERSON This American Rerohition Bi(-en[en)lidl Adminisnzttion exhibition was designed by the Office of Charles and Ray Eames with the cooperation of The Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York through a grant from the IBM Corporation

The Metropolitan Museum of Art March 5 through May 2,1976

Clothmk nt the period

ýý. 11 rk,, Lam+hr

Monroe Jay

Marshall Burr

Buffnn Barton

Revert sileer

J Bartram

S Adams '. V Bartram

Revere

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A Adanu

R4bhinaon

Madinnn

Ia F; nruu Rochambcau

fü, cius: kn Pulaski Pale

Orrery

H, miilrtm Ruh

II

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Flut A"", ". ", ,p ut d", I'micd <iatr,

Franklin E °i primer

Rincnhou. u

Warren Thavendanegea

Bonocker I lnrlun. ýýn

lJLJ

Thee two rooms displav

material from the Metropolitan and other New York collections that helps to set the scene for the lives of Franklin and Jefferson and their circle.

FRIENDS AND ACQUAINTANCES

An introduction to some friends and associates of Franklin and Jefferson who influenced their lives and shaped their time.

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Anicrican trink ln. ý P6iloýophinil . nrn, r

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Franklins science The fire Anmric in

Enlightenment"

Thr narian und the, tntc

The ynung Virginian

plýnr niý, I, Ibý. nnL. Farm Qnp[Cl¢ilib ýlit

U

The snaking of a public man

Fr, in6lu. sýr

Pr inunV, prr,.

Franklin pnotor

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THE TWO MEN: CONTRAST AND CONTINUITY The differences between the two men - Franklin the printer and scientist, Jefferson the farmer and architect - as well as what they had in common, illustrate some aspects of the emerging nation.

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Franklin's death

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THREE DOCUMENTS

The story of the Declaration of Independence, the Constitution and the Bill of Rights-and the parts that Franklin and Jefferson played in their making.

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JEFFERSON AND THE WEST This area traces Jefferson's concern with the lands of western America-their native peoples, their future organization as states, their natural riches. , ný-UTIQ

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