Non Cooperation Khilafatmovement 111217222656 Phpapp02

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Non cooperationKhilafatMovement


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Background and Causes

Mahatma Gandhi led his non-violent nationalist movementsatyagraha, as a protest against government repression such as theRowlatt Act of 1919 , and the Jalian Wallah Bagh Massacre ofApril 1919 . To enlist Muslim support in his movement, Gandhi

supported the Khilafat cause and became a member of theCentral Khilafat Committee.


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At the Nagpur Session (1920) of the Indiannational congress Gandhi linked the issue ofSwaraj (Self-Government) with the Khilafatdemands and adopted the non-cooperationplan to attain the twin objectives. So the noncooperation movement Khilafat movementbegan in January 1921 and various social groupsbecame part of this movement with different andvarying aspirations

Mahatma Gandhi and Muhammad Ali Jinnah


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Time and aim Began in January 1921 and ended in

February 1922 with the chauri chaura

incident. It aimed to resist British occupation of

India through non-violent means.


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Participants Various social groups participated in the

movement with its own aspiration andviews

Students,teachers,laywers,headmasters,tr aders,merchants etc. in towns .

Peasants and tribals in the villages withtheir own views of swaraj.

Workers (e.g.plantation workers )


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What Happened ? Foreign goods were boycotted, liquor

shops picketed, and foreign cloth bunt.Merchants and traders refused to trade inforeign goods.


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S tudents left government schools and colleges,teachers and head masters resigned, and lawyersgave up their legal practices. Council elections

were boycotted in provinces.


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In the countryside the struggles of peasants andtribals came under the label of non co-operationmovement.

In Awadh peasants led by Baba Ramachandrawere struggling for reduction of revenue,abolition of begar, social boycott ofopressive landlords.

By october 1920 the Oudh KisanSabha was set up headed byJawaharlal Nehru,BabaRamachandra and few others.

When the non cooperation movement began, the peasantmovement developed under its label but the movement wassomewhat violent houses of merchants and landlords were

attacked, bazaars were looted, and grain hoards were taken over.


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Tribal peasants had somewhat otherviews on the idea of swaraj.

Tribal peasants were prohibited from enteringforest areas which affected their livelihood.

When the governmentbegan forcing them to dobegar for road building,the tribal peasants inGudem Hills of AndhraPradhesh revolted underthe leadership of Alluri

Sitaram Raju who claimedto have a variety ofsupernatural powers.

Raju talked of the greatness of gandhiji and persuaded peopleto wear khadhi and give up drinking.


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But he believed India could beliberated only through violence.

The Gudem rebels to attainswaraj

Attacked police stations Attempted to kill britishofficials Carried on guerilla warfare.

Raju was captured and

executed in 1924


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AT LASTChauri Chaura is a townnear Gorakhpur, UttarPradesh, known most for anevent in February 1922during the British Raj whena police station)was set onfire by a mob of angrycitizens, killing 23 policemeninside. Due to this incidentmahatma Gandhi called ahalt to the non-cooperation

movement.


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Documents

Non Cooperation Khilafatmovement 111217222656 Phpapp02