NOAA Satellite and Information Service

GOES Constellation Status

Chris WheelerGOES Team Lead

Office of Satellite OperationsNational Environmental Satellite, Data, and Information Service

Agenda

• GOES On-Orbit Configuration• On-Orbit Configuration• GOES Spacecraft Overview• GOES Spacecraft Status• GOES-10 Decommission Plan• GOES East Transition• Imager Stray Light Effects• GVAR Changes for GOES-14 and GOES-15

GOES On-Orbit ConfigurationCurrent as of 11/2/09

GOES-10 GOES-11 GOES-12 GOES-13 GOES-14

Launched: 4/1997

Located: 60°W

South America

Launched: 5/2000

Located: 135°W

GOES-WEST

Launched: 7/2001

Located: 75°W

GOES-EAST

Launched: 5/2006

Located: 105°W

SPARE

Launched: 6/2009

Located: 89.5°W

Post-Launch Test

GOES Spacecraft OverviewGOES I-M Series:Built by Space Systems / Loral in Palo Alto, CABased on Loral 1300 bus seriesDesign Life: 5yrs

GOES N-P Series:Built by Boeing Satellite Systems in El Segundo, CABased on Boeing 601 seriesDesign Life: 10yrs (bus) / 5yrs (instruments)

Key Differences between GOES I-M and GOES N-P

GOES I-M GOES N-P Enhancement

Earth Sensor Attitude Determination

Star Tracker Attitude Determination

•Star Trackers more accurate, less noisy, not immune to diurnal/seasonal thermal variations•Simplifies INR Operations, reduces image outage times•Improved INR performance

Includes Solar Sail Eliminates Solar Sail •Elimination of solar sail reduces instrument cooler backloading•Improves detector performance

Ground-based image schedule

Flight-based image schedule

•On-board schedule protects against intermittent uplink outages

Analog WEFAX Digital LRIT •Analog to digital conversion

2 x 12 Amp-hour, NiCd batteries

123 Ah NiMH battery •GOES N-P design supports full operations during eclipse

GOES Spacecraft Status

G

G

G

G

S/C

G

G

G

Y

R

G

G

G

G

G

GOES-13(Standby)

GGYGElectrical Power

GYGGPropulsion

GGGS/CMechanisms

GGGRInclination Control

GGS/CGTelemetry, Command & Control

GGS/CS/CCommunications Payloads

GGGGThermal Control

GGGGAttitude and Orbit Control

Spacecraft Subsystems

GRN/AN/ASolar X-Ray Imager (SXI)

GRRGX-Ray Sensor (XRS)

GGGGHigh Energy Proton and Alpha Detector

GGGGMagnetometers

GYGYEnergetic Particle Sensor (EPS)

GGGRSounder

GGGGImager

GOES-14(Test)

GOES-12(East)

GOES-11(West)

GOES-10(South America)

Payload Instrument

G

G

G

G

S/C

G

G

G

Y

R

G

G

G

G

G

GOES-13(Standby)

GGYGElectrical Power

GYGGPropulsion

GGGS/CMechanisms

GGGRInclination Control

GGS/CGTelemetry, Command & Control

GGS/CS/CCommunications Payloads

GGGGThermal Control

GGGGAttitude and Orbit Control

Spacecraft Subsystems

GRN/AN/ASolar X-Ray Imager (SXI)

GRRGX-Ray Sensor (XRS)

GGGGHigh Energy Proton and Alpha Detector

GGGGMagnetometers

GYGYEnergetic Particle Sensor (EPS)

GGGRSounder

GGGGImager

GOES-14(Test)

GOES-12(East)

GOES-11(West)

GOES-10(South America)

Payload Instrument

GOES-O/14 Status

• Launched June 27, 2009• Currently in on-orbit test at 89.5°W• All systems operating nominally

– MAGPD Telescope 5 noisy detector

• Drift to 105°W planned for 11/4/09 – 11/20/09• NOAA Science Test planned for 11/30/09 – 1/4/10• Plan to continue operating XRS while in earth-pointed

“storage”

GOES-N/13 StatusLaunch Date: May 24, 2006

Orbital Location: 105°W longitude

Designation: On-Orbit Spare

Solar X-Ray Imager CCD detector partialdamage during X9 solar flare and cosmicparticle hit.

N2 thruster anomalous thrust level.Thruster use restricted. No user impact.

XRS capacitor short

GOES-M/12 StatusLaunch Date: July 23, 2001

Orbital Location: 75°W longitude

Designation: Operational East

Energetic Particle Sensor (EPS) channelsnoisy.

X-ray positioner electronics failed. XRScannot track Sun.

Solar X-Ray Imager high voltage powersupply failed.

Thruster 2B oxidizer valve leak. “B” sidethrusters isolated.

GOES-L/11 StatusLaunch Date: May 3, 2000

Orbital Location: 135°W longitude

Designation: Operational West

Reduced battery 1 capacity. Potential impact touser services during eclipse

X-ray positioner electronics failed. XRScannot track Sun.

Imager/Sounder primary sensor data transmitterfailed. Switched to redundant transmitter

Command receiver B failed; Receiver Aoperating nominally

GOES-K/10 StatusLaunch Date: April 25, 1997

Orbital Location: 60°W longitude

Designation: Operational Atlantic/South America

No fuel remaining for stationkeeping

Solar array forward mode failed. SpacecraftInverted and solar array run in reverse.

Energetic Particle Sensor (EPS) channelsnoisy.

Data Collection Platform Interrogate (DCPI)Primary transmitter failed. Switched toRedundant transmitter.

Sounder Filter Wheel stalled

GOES-10 Decommission Plan• GOES-10 has reached end of fuel life

– Remaining fuel reserved for de-orbit maneuvers• De-commission activities scheduled for December 1-2, 2009

• GOES-10 instruments and communication services will be de-activated Dec. 1 at approx. 12:30z (7:30am EST)– Dedicated South America imaging operations will be interrupted

• Series of maneuvers will be performed to boost GOES-10 300km above geosynchronous orbit

• De-commission objectives:– Boost orbit 300km above geosynchronous altitude– Deplete remaining fuel– Power off electro-mechanical systems– Disable battery charging– Turn off all transmitters to prevent RF interference

• Following decommission, GOES-10 is not recoverable

South America Coverage

• NOAA/NESDIS operating GOES-10 at 60 degrees West since December 2006.– Provides continuous GOES coverage of South America during GOES EAST

rapid scan operations.– Positive impact to South American severe storm and flash flood forecast and

warnings.• GOES-10 at end of fuel life and must be de-orbited.• NOAA has received requests to continue South American support

through multiple international organizations.

• NESDIS recommendation to utilize GOES-12 for South America coverage by June 2010– Can provide dedicated South America coverage in time for the North Atlantic

hurricane season– GOES-12 east-west fuel available for 3 years of operation

• No fuel remaining for inclination control

– Awaiting approval from NOAA Headquarters

Proposed GOES East Transition• GOES-13 replaces GOES-12 in April 2010

– Minimum impact to GOES constellation fly-out scenarios– Goal is to complete transition prior to 2010 hurricane season

• Similar sequence to GOES-8/12 transition– Provides significant test period for OSDPD and direct users to evaluate

ingest systems– Does not require users to re-point antenna systems during drift period– Incorporates a single GVAR switch from GOES-12 to GOES-13

• If approved, GOES-12 would be available for South America coverage beginning in May 2010

Begin GOES-12 execution of South America Schedule

(5/11)

GOES-12 drift start (4/27)

GOES-13 drift stop; GOES-13 GVAR relayed through

GOES-13 (4/26)

GOES-13 becomes GOES-East; GOES-13 GVAR

relayed through GOES-12 (4/14)

Activate GOES-13 SXI/MDL (3/8)

GOES-13 Drift Start (2/23)

GOES-13 Operations Readiness Review (2/17)

GOES-13 North-South Maneuver (2/9)

Begin GOES-13 execution of GOES East Schedule (1/25)

GOES-13 Return to Normal Mode (1/19)

GOES-12 drift stop (5/17)

1/19 1/26 2/2 2/9 2/16 2/23 3/2 3/9 3/16 3/23 3/30 4/6 4/13 4/20 4/27 5/4 5/11

GOES-13 Drift from 105 to 75

GOES-12 Drift from 75 to 60

GOES East Transition Timeline1/19 GOES-13 Return to Normal Mode

Imager, Sounder, SEM activatedSXI remains off

1/21 Image Navigation Start-up (4 days)1/25 Begin GOES-13 execution of GOES East Schedule2/9 Perform GOES-13 Annual inclination maneuver2/17 Conduct GOES-13 Operations Readiness Review2/23 Start GOES-13 Eastward Drift from 105°W to 75°W3/8 Near 99°W; Activate GOES-13 SXI/MDL4/14 Near 81°W; GOES-13 becomes GOES-East

Stop GOES-12 GVARGOES-13 GVAR relayed through GOES-12Users do not re-point antenna

4/26 Stop GOES-13 Drift at 75°WGOES-13 GVAR relayed through GOES-13Switch ancillary COMM services from GOES-12 to GOES-13

Imager Stray Light Effects• GOES I-M series instruments had a solar

keep-out-zone restriction when the sun was < 7° from scan frame

– Imager/Sounder frames cancelled to prevent overheating of the secondary mirror assemblies

– GOES N-P instrument modifications eliminate solar keep-out-zone effects

• GOES N-P design allows for continuous imaging operations through eclipse

– Verified through post-launch testing and GOES-13 operational periods

• However…..

• Solar stray light contamination is observed when the sun is <10-15 degrees from the image frame.

• Comparative tests performed on GOES 11-13 in April 2009 show that stray light performance is the same for GOES 11-13

– Subsequent testing on GOES-14 during Fall 2009 eclipse season show similar performance on GOES-14

Imager Stray Light Mitigation

Options include:

1. Take all images regardless of Sun position. Let users decide which images to use

• Considered undesirable

2. Cancel image when the Sun is close to the frame boundary

• Re-introduces keep-out-zone• Results in a lot of frame cancellations• Undesirable

3. Scan away from the Sun• Scan partial or shifted frames• Short-term approach

4. Apply an L1b algorithmic correction to remove stray light prior to GVAR broadcast

• NASA/NOAA/ITT study underway• Long-Term approach

Why not scan away from contaminated data?

Original Image Corrected Image

See poster presentation for more info

GVAR Changes for GOES-O/P

• Background– GOES-O/P Imagers have additional 8th IR detector– Imager factory coefficients (including instrument nadir positions) previously

copied from Block 0 to Block 11 for GOES-12 and beyond– Beginning with GOES-O, factory coefficients were removed from Block 0.

• Issues– Instrument offsets are important for image navigation– Block 11 is transmitted infrequently– User ingest systems were not updated to reflect GVAR changes

• Resolution– Instrument offsets are being copied back to previously spare locations in Block 0– Effective early November 2009

GOES Calibration Information

• GOES Calibration Website

http://www.oso.noaa.gov/goes/goes-calibration/index.htm

• For Imagers and Sounders of current and previous operational satellites, contains up-to-date (from instrument developer) o Calibration parameters, ando Spectral response functions

• Recent update for GOES-13 Imager channel-6 Spectral response functions o A shifted and current operational version approved by NOAA/NESDIS Calibration

Oversight Panel (CalPOP)

• Recent additiono GOES-O calibration parameters and spectral response functions

• • Pending addition

o GOES-P calibration parameters and spectral response functions