By Jiao WangSTAFF REPORTER

The number of internationalgraduate students at MIT declinedthis year by three percent, consistentwith a nationwide trend of lowerenrollment of foreign students at topU.S. universities. According to theRegistrar’s Office, the number ofinternational students has beendropping since the 2001-2002school year from an initial numberof about 2,500.

One reason for the decline maybe that “America feels less wel-coming to internationals,” saidDean of Admissions MarileeJones. She said that internationalsmay not agree with policiesregarding the war in Iraq and thatvisas have been harder for studentsto obtain following changes inU.S. policy.

In addition, an increase in fund-ing and programs offered by othercountries such as England and

China have made these programsmore attractive than before, drawingstudents away from the U.S., Jonessaid.

Number of int’ls varies by dept.The Department of Civil and

Environmental Engineering experi-enced the sharpest drop in interna-tional graduate students, a decline of19 percent compared to last year. Inthe Departments of Nuclear Engi-neering, Ocean Engineering, andAeronautics and Astronautics, thenumber of international studentsdecreased by approximately twelvepercent.

However, Peggy Carney, anadministrator in the Department ofElectrical Engineering and Comput-er Science, said that the percentageof international students in thedepartment had increased fromtwenty to thirty percent over the last

Volume 124, Number 60 Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139 Wednesday, January 5, 2005

MIT’sOldest and Largest

Newspaper

The WeatherToday: Cloudy, snow, 38°F (3°C)

Tonight: Mostly cloudy, 23°F (–5°C)Tomorrow: Snow, 34°F (1°C)

Details, Page 2

NEWSAnna’s to open on Feb. 1

Page 9Former MIT prof to head DOE

Page 9Night Owl busline may close

Page 11

Catch upon weeks ofDilbert andFoxtrot!

Page 7

World & Nation . . 2Opinion . . . . . . . . 4Sports . . . . . . . . .12

January 5, 2005 The Tech Page 7

Dilbert® by Scott Adams

Fewer Int’l Students EnrollFor Fourth Year in a Row

By Kelley RivoireASSOCIATE NEWS EDITOR

The Cambridge License Com-mission held a hearing last nightregarding underage drinking duringan unregistered party held at Sim-mons Hall on Oct. 10 last year. TheCLC will make a decision on a pos-sible disciplinary action againstSimmons in the next several weeks,and the severest possible punish-ment would be the revocation ofSimmons’ housing license.

David A. Nedzel ’07, Simmonspresident and Dormitory CouncilJudicial Committee chair, said hethought the hearing went well andthat the steps taken regarding theincident were well represented tothe CLC.

Simmons Housemaster John M.Essigmann called the hearing fair.

CLC expresses concernAmong the main concerns of the

CLC were the lack of dormitorysecurity that allowed such a largenumber of people to enter the dor-mitory unnoticed in a short periodof time, and whether the seriousnature of the incident was madeclear to Simmons residents.

“It appears that the only thingthat attracts attention is a tragedy;… no one ever makes the newswhen a plane lands safely,” CLCChair Benjamin C. Barnes said.

Daniel Trujillo, associate deanfor Community Development andSubstance Abuse Programs, recom-

CLC HearsCase onSimmonsIncident

By Beckett W. SternerEDITOR IN CHIEF

No student at MIT is known tohave been killed or injured in thetsunami that hit countries on theIndian Ocean’s coast, MIT admin-istrators said, although many stu-dents who may have been affectedhave not yet confirmed their status-es.

Many students have made aneffort in the relief work throughorganizing fundraising efforts,donating money, and traveling tohelp out in person.

Danielle Guichard-Ashbrook,director of the International Stu-dents Office, said she has beenworking on contacting the approxi-mately 300 international studentsfrom the most heavily hit countriessuch as Indonesia, Sri Lanka andThailand.

So far, about 50 have responded,and all of them have said they arefine, she said. “They are checkingin,” she said, but “in those affectedregions… the infrastructure is stillpretty sketchy.”

“The thing we don’t know aboutis families,” said Robert M. Ran-dolph, senior associate dean for stu-

dent life. He said the Alumni Association

has also set up a message board on

its Web site for people to postupdates on their or another alum’sstatus. Administrators had not heardof any student directly impactedthrough any channel as of yesterday.

Students assist in aidMany students have taken a per-

sonal interest in helping survivorsrebuild.

“I think that the community israllying” for the aid effort,Guichard-Ashbrook said.

As individuals world-widepledge millions of dollars, studentsat MIT are raising funds for disasterrelief. Some will even travel toaffected countries to help rebuild inperson.

Vidya Jonnalagadda, a post-doc-toral assistant in biological engi-neering, has been working on afundraising drive to purchase newfishing boats for communities in theTamil Nadu state of India.

Working under the auspices ofthe Association for India’s Develop-

Progress on replacing the cashier’s officePage 8

PUBLICATION NOTEThe Tech will continue its weekly publish-ing schedule for IAP, with the next issuecoming out on Jan. 12.

By Jeffrey ChangSTAFF REPORTER

MIT students will be enjoyingthe annual January break from thedaily grind of classes to pursue a

wide rangeof activi-ties this

Independent Activities Period. IAPoffers everything from crash coursesin C++ to calligraphy, internships,conferences, research projects,classes, games, and sports. Some aretackling several different activities,taking full advantage of the myriadof opportunities.

Students multitask during IAPClarence Lee ’06 will be work-

ing on a UROP with the E-Rational-ity group at the MIT Media Lab.With others, he will be modifyingthe Web site and database for TheMatchup, an online Internet datingservice for area college students.

“We’ll be improving the aesthet-ics of the Web site, changing thelook and feel of it, making it moreuser-friendly,” Lee said.

Lee will also be working with ateam of around ten students to helporganize the first annual MIT TechFair, the brainchild of Raymond R.Wu ’07.

“The idea is to bring companieslike IBM, Bose, and Raytheon tocome at the end of IAP and show-case their latest innovations and

technologies,” said Lee. The eventwill take place at the end of January,and “we’re looking to continue theTech Fair in following years, andmake it a tradition,” Lee said.

Alexis R. DeSieno ’05 said herplans changed abruptly Tuesdaymorning when she found out shewas going to be traveling toDurham, England for the CMIEnterprisers program. “It should bea good multicultural experience anda good chance to talk to people…I’m thinking about going intobiotech companies in the future, sothis is a great opportunity for net-working and learning how an entre-preneur works,” DeSieno said.

She had already started an

externship at the Cambridge-basedpharmaceutical company Genzyme.She said she will continue with theexternship immediately upon herreturn from England and will con-tinue into February to make up forthe time lost in England.

Her work at Genzyme involvesthe analysis of statistics on diseasesfrom incident rates and the geo-graphic distribution of diseases tothe financial market for drugs tocombat them.

On top of this and helping toplan the Jan. 31 MIT Tech Fair, asthe event vice-director and organiz-ing the first annual Biomedical

IAP: Students Pick Two Week Vacation Over Six

No MIT Students Hurt by Asian Tsunami

CHRISTINA KANG—THE TECH

MIT students are hosting a booth this week to raise money for thetsunami disaster relief effort.

JONATHAN WANG—THE TECH

Paul Mank works on redecorating the old Arrow Street Crepes to be Anna’s Taqueria in the Stu-dent Center. Anna’s is scheduled to open on Feb. 1. (See story on page 9.)

Tsunami, Page 8

IAP, Page 10

Internationals, Page 11

CLC, Page 8

Feature

By Christopher RowlandTHE BOSTON GLOBE

Pressure from U.S. drug compa-nies and more recently PresidentBush is causing the pendulum toswing against importation of Canadi-an prescription drugs.

The average savings on populardrugs from Canada dipped sharply to29 percent in late 2004 from 38 per-cent in early January 2003, accordingto a report to be released Wednesdayby PharmacyChecker.com, a for-profit Web site that monitors drugprices.

A key reason for the decline insavings, according to the report, waspharmaceutical manufacturersimposing supply curbs on Canadianwholesalers.

Meanwhile, the trade group rep-

resenting Canadian Internet pharma-cies, which have built cross-bordershipments to Americans into a $700million industry in just a few years,said Tuesday it is bracing for acrackdown by Prime Minister PaulMartin’s government.

The trade group said the govern-ment’s plan for a crackdown pickedup steam after a discussion betweenMartin and Bush during the presi-dent’s trade visit to Ottawa on Nov.30 and Dec. 1.

“This is ultimately a result of thepressure by George Bush on theCanadian government,” said DavidMacKay, executive director of Cana-dian International Pharmacy Associ-ation, which is based in the provinceof Manitoba, home of the highestconcentration of Canada’s 120 Inter-

net pharmacies.Canadian Health Minister Ujall

Dosanjh has confirmed that Bushdiscussed the Canadian importationissue with Martin during the tradetalks. A spokesman for Dosanjh, KenPolk, without naming Bush directly,said Tuesday that members of theAmerican trade team told Martin thatit “might be difficult” for Bush toveto a bill legalizing imports if theU.S. Congress passes one next year.

The warning has stoked Canadianconcerns that if imports are legalizedin the United States, increaseddemand from U.S. consumers woulddrain Canada’s supply. Dosanjh saidduring a recent visit to Harvard Med-ical School in Boston that Canadacould not serve as medicine chest forAmericans looking for bargains.

WORLD & NATIONPage 2 THE TECH January 5, 2005

U.S. Seeks to Neutralize IraqiSupport For Insurgents From Syria

By Douglas JehlTHE NEW YORK TIMES WASHINGTON

The Bush administration is considering imposing new sanctionson Syria to prod it to crack down on Iraqis there who are providingfinancial and logistical support to insurgents in Iraq, senior U.S.counterterrorism officials said Tuesday.

The Syrian government has not taken action against the networkof Iraqis, the officials said, despite months of quiet protests from theUnited States. Among the steps being considered is a TreasuryDepartment action that could essentially isolate the Syrian bankingsystem.

The network includes former officials of Saddam Hussein’s gov-ernment, U.S. officials have said, adding that intelligence gathered inrecent months from informants, captives and intercepted communica-tions suggested that the network’s role in providing support to insur-gents in Iraq was more extensive than previously suspected.

As Congress Opens, House PassesBill to Protect DeLay

By Carl HulseTHE NEW YORK TIMES WASHINGTON

House Republicans pushed through a significant change in thehandling of ethics complaints over strong Democratic objectionsTuesday as the 109th Congress convened with a burst of pomp andpartisanship.

The House, on a vote of 220-195, enacted a change that wouldeffectively dismiss a complaint in the event of a deadlock amongmembers of the ethics committee, which is divided equally betweenDemocrats and Republicans. Its approval followed a Republicanretreat Monday on other proposed ethics revisions.

At the heart of both actions were calculations about how farRepublicans should go to protect the House majority leader, Rep.Tom DeLay of Texas. There was widespread dissatisfaction in theparty over three admonishments delivered to DeLay last year by theethics committee. At the same time, some Republicans were uncom-fortable retaining a party rule adopted in November that was intendedto shield DeLay from having to step down from his leadership post ifhe was indicted in a campaign finance investigation in Texas. Repub-licans said the new approach to handling a deadlock on the ethicspanel would instill more bipartisanship in the process and protectlawmakers from purely partisan attacks.

Study Calls for Stronger DisciplineOf Incompetent Doctors

By Robert PearTHE NEW YORK TIMES WASHINGTON

Experts retained by the Bush administration said Tuesday thatmore effective disciplining of incompetent doctors could significantlyalleviate the problem of medical malpractice litigation.

As President Bush prepared to head to Illinois on Wednesday tocampaign for limits on malpractice lawsuits, the experts said thatstates should first identify those doctors most likely to make mistakesthat injure patients and lead to lawsuits.

The administration recently commissioned a study by the Univer-sity of Iowa and the Urban Institute to help state boards of medicalexaminers in disciplining doctors.

“There’s a need to protect the public from substandard perfor-mance by physicians,” said Josephine Gittler, a law professor at theUniversity of Iowa supervising part of the study. “If you had moreaggressive policing of incompetent physicians and more effective dis-ciplining of doctors who engage in substandard practice, that coulddecrease the type of negligence that leads to malpractice suits.”

Governor of Baghdad KilledBy Gunmen Amidst BombingsBy Richard A. Oppel Jr.THE NEW YORK TIMES

BAGHDAD, IRAQ

Gunmen assassinated the gover-nor of Baghdad province on Tues-day as insurgents pressed a cam-paign to derail elections scheduledfor Jan. 30. The governor, Ali al-Haidari, is the highest-ranking Iraqiofficial slain since May.

The killing came just as a fuel-truck bomb detonated near an officeof the Interior Ministry and the mainU.S. compound in central Baghdad,killing 10 people and woundingabout 60. And it came on a day thatfive U.S. soldiers fell in three otherattacks, according to military offi-cials.

It was the bloodiest day for theUnited States since the Dec. 21 sui-cide bombing at a mess tent inMosul, which killed 14 soldiers andfour American contractors.

Iraq’s homegrown security forcesare bearing the brunt of the intimida-tion and attacks, with eight InteriorMinistry commandos dying in thebomb attack on Tuesday. That bringsto nearly 70 the number of Iraqipolice, national guardsmen and com-mandos who have been abducted andmurdered, or killed by car bombs orother means in the past week.

The violence prompted a freshround of calls to delay the elections.Iraq’s president and most seniorSunni Arab official, Ghazi al-Yawer, suggested that the UnitedNations examine whether nationalelections should be delayed. In aninterview with Reuters, he saidholding the elections on schedulewould be a “tough call.”

In recent weeks, U.S. officials —including President Bush — havepointed to al-Yawer as an exampleof a Sunni Arab leader willing tomove forward with the electionsdespite violence in Sunni-dominatedareas of the country.

But the Iraqi foreign minister,Hoshyar Zebari, who is regarded asa closer ally to Iraq’s prime minis-ter, Ayad Allawi, vigorously reject-ed calls for a delay on Tuesday andsaid any change in the timetablewould be tantamount to a surrenderto insurgents whose campaign ofviolence has been aimed at derailingthe vote.

Sunni leaders worry they will bedisenfranchised if the vote goes for-ward in the rest of the country whilebeing short-circuited in the Sunniareas. But U.S. officials say the vio-lence will only continue if the elec-tion is delayed.

In Washington, the White Housepress secretary, Scott McClellan,reiterated Bush’s call for a Jan. 30ballot. “What we are focused onright now is doing everything wecan to support the situation on theground by improving the securitysituation and making sure that wecan see as full participation as possi-ble in those elections,” McClellansaid.

Al-Haidari was the most seniorIraqi official assassinated since thepresident of the Iraqi GoverningCouncil, Ezzedine Salim, an Islamistpolitician and writer, was killed by asuicide bomber on May 17.

In Phuket, Thailand, Secretary ofState Colin L. Powell said he wassaddened by the murder. “It onceagain shows that there are thesemurderers and terrorists, formerregime elements in Iraq, that don’twant to see an election,” he said.“They don’t want to see the peopleof Iraq choose their own leadership.They want to go back to the past.”

The terror group headed by al-Qaida’s leader in Iraq, Abu Musabal-Zarqawi, claimed responsibilityfor the attack in an Internet posting,calling al-Haidari an “autocrat” andhis killing part of an effort to “liber-ate this city and all the country.”

Report Indicates Savings Drop On Drug Imports from Canada

Some Snow on the WayBy Roberto RondonelliSTAFF METEOROLOGIST

An upper level “jet streak” or patch of maximum wind speed is movingalong the main upper level flow centered right north of Massachusetts. Rightnow we find ourselves in the jet streak exit and according to the ageostroph-ic balance rule of thumb we expect to transition from upper level conver-gence to upper level divergence. This in turn means that ascending motion(one of the two main ingredients of precipitation) will begin to influence ourarea.

Then not surprisingly, a weak low pressure is expected to pass over thesouthern New England area. The storm will leave Boston in the margin ofthe precipitation area and there is a chance of 2 or less inches of snow accu-mulation. A stronger system will move towards Southern New EnglandWedenesday night to Thursday, bringing snow during Thursday morningchanging into ice and sleet during the afternoon. After that some sunshineand relatively warm temperatures are expected again for Friday.

Extended Forecast:

Today: Cloudy, snow or sleet likely. High 38°F (3°C)Tonight: Mostly cloudy. Low 23°F (-5°)Thursday: Snow showers temperatures in the 20s during the morning,

warming during the late afternoon. High 34°F (1°C) Friday: Partly cloudy and much warmer. Low 32°F (0°C) High 43°F (6°C)

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Compiled by MITMeteorology Staff

and The Tech

Other Symbols

WEATHERSituation for Noon Eastern Standard Time, Wednesday, January 5, 2005

January 5, 2005 WORLD & NATION THE TECH Page 3

Global Aid for Tsunami VictimsStepped Up as Hurdles DevelopBy Scott ShaneTHE NEW YORK TIMES

JAKARTA, INDONESIA

Fresh infusions of aid on Tuesdaygave yet more push to the globalrelief effort for Asia as it confrontedmonsoon rains, logistical breakdownsand the urgent need for everythingfrom earth-moving equipment totrucks in the struggle to reach themost remote survivors.

Jan Egeland, the U.N. emergencycoordinator, acknowledged the manyobstacles but called the globalresponse “phenomenal” on a daywhen Germany committed $669 mil-lion before a meeting here on Thurs-day of donor nations who will discusshow to coordinate more than $2 bil-lion pledges.

With television broadcasts show-ing American servicemen deliveringaid to victims of the last week’stsunami, Secretary of State Colin L.Powell candidly acknowledged thehope that the U.S. military help andits $350 million contribution mightimprove America’s image in theIslamic world. Indonesia, home oftwo-thirds of the estimated 150,000people who have died, is the world’slargest Muslim nation.

“We’d be doing it regardless ofreligion,” Powell said here on thesecond day of his tour through theregion with Gov. Jeb Bush of Florida.“But I think it does give the Muslimworld and the rest of the world anopportunity to see American generos-ity, American values in action.”

“America is not an anti-Islam,anti-Muslim nation,” Powell added inhis remarks to reporters alongside theIndonesian prime minister, HassanWirojuda. “America is a diverse soci-ety where we respect all religions.And I hope that as a result of ourefforts, as a result of our helicopterpilots being seen by the citizens ofIndonesia helping them, that valuesystem of ours will be reinforced.”

For his part, Wirojuda, a HarvardLaw School graduate, went out of hisway to praise the performance of theU.S. military in the aid effort. “Weparticularly appreciate the crucial rolethat the U.S. armed forces play inproviding helicopters for relief assis-tance for victims and survivors at theremote and isolated areas,” he said.

By David Johnston and Neil A. LewisTHE NEW YORK TIMES

WASHINGTON

Alberto R. Gonzales, the WhiteHouse counsel, intervened directlywith Justice Department lawyers in2002 to obtain a legal ruling on theextent of the president’s authorityto permit extreme interrogationpractices in the name of nationalsecurity, current and former admin-istration officials said Tuesday.

Gonzales’ role in seeking a legalopinion on the definition of tortureand the legal limits of how muchforce could be used on terrorist sus-pects in captivity is expected to be acentral issue in the Senate JudiciaryCommittee confirmation hearings,which are scheduled to begin onThursday on his nomination to beattorney general.

The request by Gonzales pro-duced the much-debated Aug. 1,2002, memorandum by the JusticeDepartment that defined torture nar-rowly and said that Bush could cir-cumvent domestic and internationalprohibitions against torture in thename of national security.

Until now, administration offi-cials have been unwilling to pro-vide details about what role Gonza-les had in the production of thememorandum by the JusticeDepartment’s Office of LegalCounsel. He has spoken of thememo as a response to questions,without saying that most of themwere his.

Current and former officials whotalked about the memorandum havebeen provided with first-handaccounts about how it was pre-pared. Some discussed it in an

attempt to clear up what theyviewed as a murky record inadvance of Gonzales’ confirmationhearing. Others spoke of the matterapparently believing that the JusticeDepartment had unfairly taken theblame for the memo.

A White House spokeswoman,Erin Healy, said Tuesday that whileGonzales personally requested theAugust opinion, he was only seek-ing “objective legal advice and didnot ask the Office of Legal Counselto reach any specific conclusion.”

As the White House’s chieflawyer, Gonzales supervised theproduction of a raft of legal memo-randums that shaped the administra-tion’s legal framework for conduct-ing its battle against al-Qaida andother terrorist groups. Of the docu-ments that have been made public,Gonzales is the author of only one.

Pentagon Toughens Policy On Sexual Assault

By David StoutTHE NEW YORK TIMES WASHINGTON

Acknowledging serious flaws in how it has dealt with sexualassaults within the military, the Pentagon announced steps on Tues-day to prevent the crimes, investigate them more thoroughly whenthey occur and treat victims with more consideration.

Defense Department officials said that from now on there wouldbe one set of definitions of what constitutes sexual assault for all ser-vices, and at every base within each service. There will also be uni-form procedures for dealing with accusers and the accused, the offi-cials said.

“The department understands that our traditional system does notafford sexual-assault victims the care and support they need acrossthe board, and we are moving aggressively to put new systems inplace to address this shortcoming,” David S.C. Chu, undersecretaryof defense for personnel and readiness, said at a Pentagon briefing.

Until now, every military branch has had its own programs to dealwith sexual assault, said Brig. Gen. K.C. McClain of the Air Force,who was named last September to a newly created post, policy chieffor sexual assault prevention and response.

A key component of the new policy is the appointment of a sexualassault response coordinator at every U.S. military installation in theworld. The coordinator will follow a case from accusation throughresolution, with particular attention to helping the victim, Chu said."It has an acronym, like all Pentagon titles: SARC," he said.

Panel Lists Drugs It Wants New Law to Cover

By Robert PearTHE NEW YORK TIMES WASHINGTON

A federal advisory panel, working closely with the Bush adminis-tration, announced a list of 146 types of prescription drugs on Mon-day that should be covered under Medicare’s new drug benefit.

The panel, the U.S. Pharmacopeia, a venerable organization thatsets standards for the pharmaceutical industry, said prescription drugplans should offer beneficiaries at least two drugs of each type. Insur-ers that follow the recommendations will be presumed to meet one ofthe major criteria in the new Medicare law.

The executive vice president of the panel, Dr. Roger L. Williams,said its guidelines were “the only classification system specificallydeveloped” to ensure that beneficiaries had access to all the drugs thatthey needed.

Some advocates for patients said the guidelines did not guaranteecoverage for new costly effective drugs that might be needed to treatcertain disorders, including some mental impairments.available.”

The writing of the guidelines touched off a huge battle betweeninsurance and drug companies that could determine how many medi-cines will be readily available to beneficiaries.

Under the law, officials will rely on private health plans to deliverdrug benefits to the elderly and disabled starting next year.

Boston Modern Orchestra ProjectSaturday, January 22, 2005

8:00pmJordan Hall at New England Conservatory

Boston Connection

Michael McLaughlin, Murder (2003)(Selected score from the 7th annual NEC/BMOPcomposition contest)

Elliott Schwartz, Chamber Concerto IV (1978)(Winner of the 6th annual NEC/BMOP concertocompetition)

Donald Martino, Concertino for Clarinet andOrchestra (2003)

William Thomas McKinley, “Childhood Memories”Concerto for Marimba and Orchestra (2004)

Eric Chasalow, Concerning Sunspots (2004)

TICKETS AVAILABLEat the MIT Office of the Arts: E15-205

T, W, and Th from 10am - 4pmOne ticket per valid MIT student ID

Collage New MusicSunday, January 23, 2005

7:30 p.m.Paine Hall, Harvard University

Steve Reich, Nagoya Marimbas (1994)

Morton Feldman, False Relationships andthe Extended Ending (1968)

Osvaldo Golijov, Mariel (2003)

Pierre Boulez, sur Incises (1999)(Boston Premiere)

No tickets are required for Collage New Music Concerts

Simply present your MIT student ID at the box officeon the night of the performance

Free tickets for MIT students2 great concerts = one great weekend!

Made possible through the generosityof the members of the Council for the Arts at MIT

http://web.mit.edu/arts/see/freetickets/index.html

Gonzales’ Role in Torture RulingTo be Key Issue in Senate Hearing

Medical ResponseNot Standard

There are two primary goals in addressingwhat appears to be a serious mental healthproblem at a university [“Mental HealthResponse Criticized,” Dec. 7]:

The first is to respond to the immediateneed, including counseling, crisis care, andleave of absence.

The second, if suspension is imposed, is toimmediately begin planning for readmission.

I did not see mention of planning for read-mission as part of continuity of care, thatought to be corrected.

Your article raises several other issues alsoof concern: Restraint is not “standard proce-dure.” Isolation from school work is also not“standard procedure,” and certainly having noaccess to a change of clothes is not “standardprocedure.” All are indications of a need formore thorough planning in response to studenthealth care. And I would keep in mind, thatthis is first and foremost health care.

Harold A. MaioConsulting Editor,

Psychiatric Rehabilitation JournalBoston University

KnowledgableReviewers Wanted

I could not have been more disappointed

with The Tech’s review of Saturday’s [Dec. 5,2004] Chorallaries concert.

First of all, a newspaper should send some-one at least vaguely familiar with a cappella(or music in general) to review a concert. MrMarrufo failed to recognize the obvious talentof both The Method and the Chorallaries. Yes,the background vocals were fantastic, but thesolos demonstrated the singers’ ability to cap-ture an audience. I seriously doubt that youcould find another person to complain aboutthe concert. The wild applause the groupsreceived and chants of encore only serve toprove my point.

Secondly, Andrew Harlan’s strip teaseadded an element of surprise and entertain-ment that served to please the crowd, not hidean obviously amazing falsetto. For future ref-erence, send knowledgeable, not disinterestedstaff members to review student productions.

Katelyn Giovannucci ’07

Telling MIT What ItDoesn’t Want to Hear

If I correctly read the articles by KarenArenson [“Colleges Add More CounselingAmid Suicide Increase,” World and Nation,Dec. 5] and Beckett Sterner “Mental HealthResponse Criticized,” Dec. 7], the Institute’sresponse to situations involving students’mental health is uneven. When anyone who issuffering denies the seriousness of their dis-tress, it is very hard — for friends, family

members and college staff — to know what todo and then even more difficult to do some-thing, whatever action is chosen, with appro-priate care and concern.

Without judging any of the situationsdescribed in the articles — neither am I a pro-fessional in the field of mental health nor do Iwork directly with students — I invite MITcommunity members who are interested tovolunteer to assist with IAP’s Charm Schoolin our workshop “How To Tell SomebodySomething They’d Rather Not Hear.”

In this workshop, people learn and teachothers a simple conversational formula (it’sMIT, we do formulas!) that can be used in anhonest and respectful way to raise a widerange issues. Obviously, sloppiness or badbreath are trival concerns compared to sleep-ing too much and missing classes, as the lattermay — or may not — indicate mental healthconcerns. But we can all benefit from practicein expressing concern to others and asking forhelp for ourselves.

Eve Odiorne SullivanLaboratory for Nuclear Science

Letters To The EditorOPINION

Page 4 THE TECH January 5, 2005

Opinion PolicyEditorials are the official opinion of The Tech. They are written

by the editorial board, which consists of the chairman, editor inchief, managing editor, opinion editors, a senior editor, and an opin-ion staffer.

Dissents are the opinions of signed members of the editorialboard choosing to publish their disagreement with the editorial.

Letters to the editor, columns, and editorial cartoons are writ-ten by individuals and represent the opinion of the author, not nec-essarily that of the newspaper. Electronic submissions are encour-aged and should be sent to letters@the-tech.mit.edu. Hard copysubmissions should be addressed to The Tech, P.O. Box 397029,Cambridge, Mass. 02139-7029, or sent by interdepartmental mail toRoom W20-483. All submissions are due by 4:30 p.m. two daysbefore the date of publication.

Letters, columns, and cartoons must bear the authors’ signatures,addresses, and phone numbers. Unsigned letters will not be accepted.

The Tech reserves the right to edit or condense letters; shorter letterswill be given higher priority. Once submitted, all letters becomeproperty of The Tech, and will not be returned. The Tech makes nocommitment to publish all the letters received.

Guest columns are opinion articles submited by members of theMIT or local community and have the author’s name in italics.Columns without italics are written by Tech staff.

To Reach UsThe Tech’s telephone number is (617) 253-1541. E-mail is the

easiest way to reach any member of our staff. If you are unsurewhom to contact, send mail to general@the-tech.mit.edu, and it willbe directed to the appropriate person. Please send press releases,requests for coverage, and information about errors that call for cor-rection to news@the-tech.mit.edu. Letters to the editor should besent to letters@the-tech.mit.edu. The Tech can be found on theWorld Wide Web at http://the-tech.mit.edu.

ChairmanHangyul Chung ’05

Editor in ChiefBeckett W. Sterner ’06

Business ManagerLauren Leung ’07

Managing EditorTiffany Dohzen ’06

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Editors: Vivek Rao ’05, Ruth Miller ’07; Staff:Basil Enwegbara SM ’01, Ken Nesmith ’04, W.Victoria Lee ’06, Daniel Barclay ’07, JoshLevinger ’07, Chen Zhao ’07, Julian Villarreal ’07,Ali S. Wyne ’08.

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ErratumA news story on Friday, Dec 5

incorrectly gave the contact e-mail forapplying to run for the MIT FederalCredit Union Board of Directors. It isjohn@jmatarese.com.

“We’ve been given the most important intelligence-gathering assignmentin the CIA … figuring out what the president wants to hear.

January 5, 2005 OPINION THE TECH Page 5

Ken Nesmith

We frequently make the assumption thatbecause the private market is driven by theprofit motive, goods like healthcare, educa-tion, and transportation should not be left tothe market. If they are, the poor will suffer.Public finance experts like to talk about thisproblem in terms of “market failures”: ifsomething that people want is not availableon the market at the price they want it, themarket has failed. Market failures are used tojustify government intervention in health-care, unemployment insurance, welfare pay-ments, and other areas of public life.

There are problems with the assumptionthat the poor arehurt in a free mar-ket environment.Often, we declineto consider thoseproblems, andbecome locked into a belief thatgovernment needsto provide goodslike education.Unfortunately, wepreclude ourselvesfrom finding solutions to genuine problemsby doing so.

Our country has a weak educational sys-tem. We lag behind most of the world inbasic tests of skills taught in elementary andhigh school. Inner-city schools are especiallyproblematic. Some reformers propose thatmore money be spent. Unfortunately, throw-ing more money at this problem has neversolved it; furthermore, public schools spendfar more per student than private schools anddo a worse job at educating their pupils. Oth-ers propose letting parents choose where tosend their children to school, to create a bitof competition between schools and intro-duce a new pressure to reform and succeed.Objectors warn that this will drain moneyfrom failing public schools, and the poorestwill be hurt.

Depending on how you define a “crisispoint,” some schools are either at it or areapproaching it. But few U.S. schools havegotten as bad as schools in rural India. Wemight learn something from their experience,documented in the Jan. 3 Financial Times(“A fortunate at the bottom of the pyramid.”)In Indian public schools in poor areas,between one third and one half of all teachersare absent at any one time. Those teachershave formed a strong trade union to protecttheir rights, and so cannot be fired for notworking. Public schools in India are simplyfailing to teach children any of the skills theyneed to give themselves hope for a better lifethan their parents, who eke out subsistence asgrocery sellers or rickshaw drivers.

In response, parents and students are sim-ply leaving the public schools, and attendingthe numerous private schools that havesprung up to meet the demand for adequateeducation. There are over 1000 such “slum-education entrepreneurs” in Hyderabad, aSouth Indian city, all created in the last 15years or so. The schools are not luxurious inthe way that we often think of privateschools, but they teach effectively. Studentslearn English, which is not taught in govern-ment schools, but is seen as a means ofupward mobility and a ticket to a better life.The teachers are not as qualified as publicschool teachers, and they are paid less thanhalf as much as their unionized counterparts.But because their jobs are not guaranteed by

state fiat, they are present, and teaching. Theend result is that children in private schoolsscore higher on almost every subject testedexcept Urdu and Telugu, the languages usedto teach in the public schools.

The Indian government doesn’t make thiseducation revolution easy. A host of regula-tions are in place, designed to ensure a goodeducational experience. The size of class-rooms, the distance between desks, and thesize of playgrounds are all specified to avoidcrowding and so forth. The students and par-ents who have prompted the creation of theseschools have little need for such regulations,since they can examine a school and itsofferings, and choose whether or not toattend freely. But complying with all of the

rules can be difficult toimpossible for the privateschools, so state inspectorsuse the rules as a tool toextract bribes. Privateschools spend about twopercent of their annual rev-enue on paying state offi-cials to let them remain inexistence. It’s a smallamount, but for the poorestin society, every bit reallydoes matter, and can mean

the difference between having a meal orgoing hungry. That is the extent of govern-ment involvement in these schools —demanding periodic bribes. No help withfunding or curriculum is offered, nor is itrequested.

Nonetheless, they succeed. For about $11a month, a price affordable to this poor sec-tor of the population, these schools offer aneducation that gives students a chance to suc-ceed in life. In the face of the most miserableconditions, abject poverty, and trying cir-cumstances, these children and their parentsrefuse to be victims of the system and cir-cumstance. They’ve bypassed these com-pletely, and lent powerful validation to thefree market at an epicenter of poverty. Herein America, commentators consider privateschools the exclusive realm of the wealthy.That’s an inaccurate characterization thatreflects an ignorance of many private schoolsacross the country. But the more importantfact is that if regulations and policy allowedit, a demand could arise for inexpensive pri-vate schools to offer a basic education at alow price. In India, that’s exactly what’s hap-pening.

Instead of presenting obstacles to reformas we currently do, we could encourage it.Right now, if parents wanted to take theirchildren out of a public school and into aninexpensive private one, they would have topay for two educations: one, through theirproperty taxes, and another, in direct tuitionto the private school. We could change poli-cy so that they’re only charged for one edu-cation.

Sadly, we’re so strongly tuned to theethos that “government must provide for thepoor because the market will not” that I don’tthink we’ll take any such steps for a longtime. Our indolence and near recreationalpolitical debate have very real victims today,and sow a dangerous social, spiritual, andeconomic future for our country. Meanwhile,our students will suffer thanks to our distrustof the free market. We needn’t look far fromhome to see the effects: we can meet some ofthe victims of our folly by spending time atBoston inner city schools.

Incidentally, the schools I mentioned,those in India serving the poorest in society,are profitable.

Basil Enwegbara

This is where America got it wrong. This iswhere America’s continued belief in an indefi-nite borrowing power is wrong. America cannotafford to go on borrowing as if we were still inthe Cold War, when it controlled more than halfof the world’s economy, which allowed it todictate to the rest of the world.

Now, the US must ask these fundamentalquestions: Who will be responsible for the pre-sent economic problems caused by excessiveborrowing andspending? Forhow long doAmericans thinkthis extravaganzacan go on beforeother nationsbegin to walkaway from the dollar? How will the US reposi-tion its economic leadership in today’s globaleconomy? Will President Bush’s recentannouncements to stop the dollar’s bleeding bycutting and bringing down the deficit be takenseriously by those nations that pay the price ofcontinued investment in the dollar?

Most importantly, Americans must askthemselves this: is supremacy in the 21st centu-ry going to continue to emerge from militarymight or is going stem from trade power?

Leading economists have for sometime nowdebated America’s current predicament, and inso doing, they have repeatedly warned Wash-ington about the price tag of its excessive publicborrowing. These experts have concurred thatthe pressure on the dollar has grown beyondwhat they call the dollar’s carrying capacity.

Washington seems far less concerned. Thesepublic policy entrepreneurs seem busy loadingmore and more burden on the dollar than look-ing for ways to unload some.

Now that the whole thing is about to burst,with most countries feeling uneasy relying onthe dollar as the universal currency, is Washing-ton ready to do something to avoid danger? Isthis a wake up call for Washington? What aboutthe Federal Reserve? Has it recognized that itsself-appointed role as the world’s central bankis over?

America, with its rapidly aging economy,has only a few options to exploit in a worldwhere young and energetic economies areemerging as the world’s economic engine. Itwill require, first and foremost, every measureto save its national currency, should the US dol-lar continue to be the world’s universal curren-cy in which other nations have confidence. Sav-ing the dollar will require totally overhaulingaging economic and social institutions createdin an era when the U.S. had no rival. This iswhere the problem lies.

Any political party that tries to overhaul thisobsolete economic system will become a politi-cal outcast overnight. No party is ready for thatchallenge right now, so denial seems to be thebest answers politicians have.

While China and India are cruising at fullspeed ahead, Washington watches helplessly.US companies now know their survivaldepends on their ability to produce competitive-ly by cutting costs or migrating to where bothcosts and corporate responsibilities are lower.Without the power to pass off rising health careand social security costs, and the rising oilprices, the US is far less ready for today’shyper-competitive global market. This currenthopelessness is forcing arch-nationalists likeLou Dobbs of CNN to publicly denounce glob-alization. Right or wrong, they blame Ameri-ca’s difficulties simply on global free trade. Butrather than make adjustments, Americans have

been told to continue with their insatiable con-sumption trends. “Don’t worry, other nationswill take care of your inability to produce,” iswhat everyone believes. And that is the kind ofmessage the current tax-free message is send-ing. It is no longer what you can do for yourcountry, but rather what your country can do foryou. Believing in this new kind of AmericanDream has led to the current economic dead-end. It has reinforced a culture of low savings,dependency on foreign capital as the majorsource of investment, and revived the $400 bil-lion annual military expenditure put on hold

during the 1990swith the collapse ofthe Soviet Union.

Does one need tobe an expert to knowthat America’s cur-rent figures are notadding up? China,

Japan, South Korea, and India definitely knowthat. They are no fools to continue providing thedifference. Providing the difference, they fullyunderstand, is simply loaning America moneyto continue spending on their goods. So, everyAmerican job loss is their job gain; and Ameri-ca’s deficit is their surplus.

It’s only a matter of time before these coun-tries begin to stand toe to toe with America.When that happens, they will then make thesame claims America made on Britain at thebeginning of the 20th century: “You now mustpay us in gold or accept ours as the new curren-cy of trade; whichever you can afford, pay us.”Just like America, China will not hesitate toimpose its interests on the rest of the world,including forcing OPEC and other major oilproducing nations to sell oil in renminbi. In fact,China will seize every opportunity to make ren-minbi replace the dollar as the universal curren-cy.

But is America really out of the game?There are enough reasons to believe not. First,America is no British Empire. Its middle-classis so enormous, it will take both China andIndia the next 30 years or so to successfullybuild one large enough to be a rival. Second,America’s brainpower reservoir is huge and yetto be fully tapped. Its leading centers of knowl-edge like MIT, Stanford University, CaliforniaInstitute of Technology, Harvard University,and Johns Hopkins University to name a few,are preparing for the fiercest knowledge battleof this century. Third, and most important,America’s enormous entrepreneurial class stillis the envy of the world; dynamic, creative, con-fident, optimistic, self-driven, and never-yield-ing energetic men and women ready to take therisk and suffer whatever pain in order to win.Where else, if not in America, can four 27-yearold founders of Sun Microsystems, who, withvirtually no business or industry experience,rise to beat the entire world of establishedindustry superstars?

While China and India are no Japan becauseof their colossal populations, they too have frag-ile and undeveloped domestic markets. Theirinability to expand the local consumer base as apossible shock absorber puts them on high riskand at the mercy of American consumers.When America reacts — which no doubt it willwhen the time comes — against its status as adumping ground for Asian products, the inabili-ty to rally round domestic markets alternativeswill have dramatic and uncontrollable conse-quences. Economic meltdowns will not be theonly fallout. Social and political dislocationsalso may trigger massive unrests. America fullyknows it has this winning card. It is not a ques-tion of if, but when will America play this card.There can be no doubt that when it comes underimmense domestic pressure, America will.

America:The Trillion-Dollar Nightmare

Poverty and Education

Our indolence and nearrecreational political debate havevery real victims today, and sow a dangerous social, spiritual, andeconomic future for our country.

What about the Federal Reserve? Has it recognized that its self-appointedrole as the world’s central bank is over?

Write opinion for The Tech!opinion@the-tech.mit.edu

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January 5,2005

ACROSS 1 Prunes5 Reverberating instruments

10 Super Bowl III champs14 Norway’s capital15 Freeze16 Truant from the troops17 In any case20 Hilo garland21 Kind of bolt or heat22 Bilked23 Jerks25 Ticket scrap26 Played first27 Lasting impression28 Intent31 With 43A, in case of35 Diver’s acronym37 Usual practice38 Commune in Tuscany40 Mine entrance41 Rumbling with rumors43 See 31A45 ID’s on jerseys46 __-friendly48 Self-regard49 Rudiments50 “Arabian Nights” fellow54 Artist’s room57 Panache58 Tide competitor59 In no case

62 Biblical shepherd63 Broke down64 Catcall65 Nuisance66 “Demian” writer67 Checkup

DOWN 1 Menial2 Milo or Tessie3 Prairie4 Barfly5 Offer a favorable bet6 Atlantic or Pacific7 Uncool kid8 Wrigley product9 Militant Greek city-state

10 Esau’s twin11 “Return of the Jedi” critter12 Weighty book13 Iditarod vehicle18 Ford’s lemon?19 __ for the asking24 Bungler25 Embarrassing display27 Very steep28 Autobahn auto29 Spoonbill cousin30 Life partner31 ‘’__ Lake’’32 Boxcar hopper33 Cross to bear

34 Fork points36 Chocolate alternative39 Capital of South Australia42 Conductor Mehta44 Maturing47 Word with pine or tape49 Rated X50 __-Maritimes (French

department)

51 Attach52 Hobby wood53 Chasm54 Break55 Option for Hamlet56 Utah team57 Yale alumni60 High dudgeon61 Steady as __ goes!

by Brian Loux

Splatformby James Biggs

by Brian Loux

KRT CrosswordSolution, page 9

Asymmetry in holiday warfare

January 5, 2005 The Tech Page 7

Dilbert® by Scott Adams

Page 8 THE TECH January 5, 2005

OMARI STEPHENS—THE TECH

Picketers take a break from hoisting their signs during theArmy Corps of Engineers’ Environmental Impact open hearing,held Thursday, Dec. 16. The last of four such hearings, thisconference provided a venue for public feedback to a pro-posed offshore wind turbine farm in Nantucket Sound.

ment, which has raised $1.5 millionnationwide, Jonnalagadda said thatthe MIT community had alreadybeen very generous with its dona-tions.

“We were there for five hours[on Monday] and collected nearly700 dollars,” she said, referring tothe group’s booth in Lobby 10. Ittakes about two to three thousanddollars to buy a large fishing boatfor the community to use.

Public Service Center DirectorSally Susnowitz said that the PSC ishelping students raise money fortwo charities, the Sewalanka Foun-dation and UNICEF. They are alsocurrently gathering donations toprovide several public service fel-lowships this summer for people towork in the reconstruction effort.

Many people “were demoralizedby this huge loss of life and want tohelp,” she said, but it is importantfor people’s attention not to wanderover time because there will still be

much to do months later.

Students help out at homeAnand Sivaraman, a post-doctor-

al associate at MIT, has repurposedhis vacation this January in order tohelp those hurt by the tsunami nearhis home in the city of Chennai.

“I was anyway going to bethere,” he said, but now “instead ofa vacation I’m going to work there,”helping on a team of AID workers.

He said that more than 350 vol-unteers signed up with a programrun by AID, predominantly locals tothe area but also several from theU.S.

“I think the whole administrationand the federal government havebeen so helpful here,” he said.

He is not sure what he will workon when he arrives, he said. “I haveto get [there] with an open mind andmake myself get absorbed with theteam already there.”

Recent MIT graduate and formerGraduate Student Council PresidentSanith Wijesinghe PhD ’03 said that

he plans to spend a month volun-teering in Sri Lanka.

“My family is out there,” hesaid. “Luckily no one was hurt, butI’m going over to help as best Ican.”

He said he will join a team being

sponsored by the Sri Lankan com-munity in New England, and willwork on “buying fishing boats, buy-ing fishing nets, trying to get peopleback on their feet. There’s a lot ofmedical aid” needed by everyone hitby the tsunami.

By Kathy DobsonASSOCIATE NEWS EDITOR

On December 26th, fishermen from Indonesia, Thailand, South-eastern India, Sri Lanka, and even Somolia may have been astonishedwhen they returned home to their coastal villages and found them rav-aged by gigantic waves. The tsunamis that had hit the coasts earlier inthe day would have passed their boats undetected.

Tsunamis are sea waves that are generated by the displacement ofwater in the ocean. This displacement is most often caused by earth-quakes, but also sometimes by landslides, volcanic eruptions, andobjects from outer space.

As a tsunami moves toward the shore and the ocean becomes shal-lower, water displaced by the propagation of the tsunami is pushedupward, creating a large wall of water. This wall sucks in surroundingwater, and often the arrival of a tsunami will be preceded by a rapidlyreceding tide.

The velocity of a tsunami is directly proportional to the square rootof the depth of the undisturbed ocean. So, regardless of the intensity ofthe initial disturbance, a tsunami will always travel at the same speedfor a given ocean depth. Therefore, as a tsunami approaches a coast,the speed of the wave will slow down. In the deepest parts of theocean, tsunamis can reach 1000 km/hr (about 600 mi/hr).

A tsunami is dangerous if it carries a lot of energy when it reachesthe coast, which depends on the disturbance that caused it.

Paul Whitmore, the scientist in charge at the West Coast and Alas-ka Tsunami Warning Center, said that there are three major waysthrough which waves can lose energy as they travel: friction with thesea floor or air, viscosity, and spreading. A tsunami traveling acrossthe deep ocean usually dissipates very little energy.

However, tsunamis can lose a lot of energy when they break, saidPaul Sclavounos, a professor of Ocean Engineering. This is whatmakes islands and other land masses with steep shelves more prone torisk, since their topography makes it less likely that an approachingtsunami would break offshore, said Raffaele Ferrari, a professor ofearth, atmospheric, and planetary sciences at MIT. Also, the shape of acoast can either focus or spread the oncoming waves; a focused wavecauses more devastating effects.

The December 26th tsunami was especially devastating for severalreasons. The magnitude of the earthquake that caused the tsunami, at9.0 on the Richter scale, made it one of the strongest quakes everrecorded. Hence, it generated the largest tsunami in over 40 years,according to the National Weather Service.

Since the rupture was a large crack, close to 1000 km in length, theresulting tsunami did not spread out radially, as it would have with apoint source. As a result, the waves that crashed on the coasts close tothe epicenter were more focused and especially strong.

Although a tsunami can be as high as 30 meters by the time itreaches the coast, its small amplitude and long wavelength in the deepocean are such that vessels far off shore will not sense the ensuing dis-aster. “If you’re on a ship, you won’t even notice,” said Ferrari.

Despite the immense damage caused by the earthquake and result-ing tsunami, perhaps the safest place for boats to be on the morning ofDecember 26th was not at port, but rather near the epicenter of thequake.

Hidden Underwater in the Ocean,Tsunamis Grow Fearsome Near Land

Students Help with Tsunami Relief Efforts

mended to the CLC “continuing theeducation process,” which “wouldbe very valuable to support Sim-mons’ efforts.”

CLC Interim Director RichardScali said he recommended thatSimmons be a leader in the trainingof students in all dormitories.

Simmons makes changesEssigmann and Ian Brelinsky

’06, president of DormCon and for-mer president of Simmons Hall,spoke to the CLC about the mea-sures taken by Simmons since theincident.

By the end of this week, fivecameras will monitor the dormitory;previously, two cameras were locat-ed at the back of the building with athird by the dumpster, Essigmannsaid. In addition, all exterior doorswill have alarms to bring attentionto any doors propped open, whichwill limit entry.

At the request of the SimmonsHall government, mandatory com-munity forums were held to allowresidents to discuss the importanceof drinking responsibly and register-ing parties, Brelinsky said.

He said that the Simmons gov-ernment has taken the incident as amandate for more education aware-ness programs, which are currentlyin draft form. DormCon has alsocreated a new risk manager position,Netzel said.

The consequences faced by threestudents involved in the party “var-ied from person to person,” butwere “not a slap on the wrist”, saidEssigmann.

The specific punishments areconfidential due to the Family Edu-cation Rights and Privacy Act, saidWilliam M. Fischer, associate deanfor student conduct and risk man-agement.

Details of incident discussedThe incident began as the twenti-

eth birthday party of a Simmons res-ident, but the hosts ended up with“way more than they bargained for,”said MlT Police officer Sean C.Munnelly, who investigated theincident.

Essigmann said that between oneand two a.m., approximately 100people arrived for the party via twoside doors that were propped open,violating Simmons rules. One of thehosts, realizing the party had gottenout of hand and unaware that policehad indeed been called, told the res-idents that the police were comingin order to “disperse the crowd,”wrote Essigmann in an e-mail.

As the students vacated, they randown ten flights of stairs in a “stam-pede,” which Associate Housemas-ters Muriel and John Medardreferred to as “one of the most terri-fying things they have ever seen”according to Essigmann’s e-mail.

Mulnelly said that a “lot ofempty alcohol bottles” were present,and the lights were dimmed withpaper.

Following the incident, thehousemasters discussed the eventswith the Simmons government, andthe case was determined to be “suf-ficiently dangerous” to be referredto the Office of the Dean for StudentLife, Essigmann said. The Simmonsgovernment could have pursued aparallel investigation, but insteadchose to focus on the communityforums, he said.

ChangesMade To SecureSimmons

Tsunami, from Page 1

CLC, from Page 1

Late nights at the Techoffice...who knows what

will happen?join@tt.mit.edu

By Rick KleinTHE BOSTON GLOBE

WASHINGTON

President Bush has nominatedSamuel W. Bodman ScD ’65, thedeputy secretary of the TreasuryDepartment, to be the new energysecretary, turning to the longtimeBoston business executive and for-mer MIT professor as he roundsout the Cabinet for his second term.

Bodman, who spent more than30 years in the private sector inBoston before joining the Bushadministration in 2001 as deputysecretary of the CommerceDepartment, will be charged withshepherding the president’s long-stalled energy legislation throughCongress, including the controver-sial proposal to allow oil drillingat Alaska’s Arctic NationalWildlife Refuge. Bush said hewould look to Bodman to helpcontrol energy costs and promoteconservation.

“We will pursue more energyclose to home, in our own countryand in our own hemisphere, so thatwe’re less dependent on energyfrom unstable parts of the world,”Bush said at the announcement cer-emony in the White House’s Roo-sevelt Room. “Sam Bodman hasshown himself to be a problemsolver who knows how to set goalsand he knows how to reach them.”

If confirmed by the Senate,Bodman would replace EnergySecretary Spencer Abraham. Nineof Bush’s 15 Cabinet members arenot staying for his second term, butthe president has moved quickly tofill vacancies.

Bodman, 66, assumed his postas Treasury’s number two officialin February, after nearly threeyears at the Commerce Depart-ment. He previously spent nearly15 years leading the Boston-basedCabot Corp., a chemical manufac-turing company, and 16 years inhigh-profile posts at FidelityInvestments. Before that, he servedsix years as an associate professorof chemical engineering at theMassachusetts Institute of Technol-ogy, where he was among theyoungest faculty members andwhere he received a doctor of sci-ence degree.

“The job as Energy Secretary,in many ways, combines all aspectsof my life’s professional work,”Bodman said in accepting Bush’snomination. “If confirmed by theSenate, my colleagues and I at theDepartment of Energy stand readyto carry forward [the president’s]vision of sound energy policy toensure a steady supply of afford-able energy for America’s homesand businesses, and to work towardthe day when America achievesenergy independence.”

The choice of Bodman caughtsome in the energy industry by sur-prise; his name was not amongthose floated when Abrahamannounced in November that hewas stepping down, and the energyinterests that Bodman oversaw at

Cabot were fairly limited. But Bod-man was recommended for the jobby his former boss, outgoing Com-merce Secretary Donald Evans,who is a close friend of Bush.

Abraham, a former Michigansenator, also had little energy expe-rience before taking the post, andcritics have accused Vice PresidentDick Cheney of micromanagingenergy policy. Those who knowBodman say he will bring to thejob a mix of academic, private-sec-tor, and public-sector experience,as well as a sharp intellect.

“If anybody can figure out theseissues the Energy Department isdealing with, Sam could do it,”said Kennett F. Burnes, Bodman’ssuccessor as Cabot’s chief execu-tive, who had worked under himsince during most of his stay atCabot. “His mind is extraordinarilycreative and innovative. He has anability to see things in a very broadand yet comprehensive way.”

Bodman will assume the post ata time of high oil prices, as winterbegins and demand is set to rise.Aside from the energy legislation,which Bush has said he remainscommitted to passing, Bodman willbe charged with developing a long-term storage solution for wastefrom nuclear power plants, amidbudgetary pressures, terrorism con-cerns, and local opposition inNevada, where the Bush adminis-tration wants waste stored at YuccaMountain.

While working for Fidelity,Bodman launched Fidelity Ven-tures, a venture capital business,and rose to become president ofFMR Corp., Fidelity’s holdingcompany. During his tenure there,Fidelity became a far bigger playerin the financial services industry.

At Cabot, Bodman oversaw 45manufacturing plants in 25 coun-tries, and developed and later soldoff businesses that produced oiland gas and that ran the liquefiednatural gas terminal in Boston Har-bor. Analysts credit him with stabi-lizing a company that had shakyfinances, and with paring down andstrengthening its business interests,boosting share values.

“He completely turned the com-pany around,” said Michael Judd,an analyst at Greenwich Consul-tants who focuses on Cabot. “Theytook a company that was basicallya sleepy, high-cost company, andthey cut a lot of costs and created alot of shareholder value. He’s verydeliberate and very smart.”

Bush’s nomination of Bodmandrew praise from energy lobbyingand business groups, which said hisbackground in science, engineer-ing, finance, and the private sectorleaves him well prepared for thenew job.

“Sam Bodman is a chemicalengineer, knows the energy indus-try, and has a wealth of experiencein finance and manufacturing,” saidTom Reilly, president of the Amer-ican Chemistry Council. “The pres-ident picked the right man.”

By Kathy LinNEWS EDITOR

Anna’s Taqueria, which will belocated on the first floor of the Stu-dent Center, is slated to open withthe start of the spring semester.

We are “shooting for Februaryfirst” as the opening date, saidowner Michael Kamio.

“In the worst case scenario, we’dopen on Monday the seventh,” saidDirector of Campus Dining RichardD. Berlin. “It really depends on ifthere are issues with the construc-tion,” he said.

The agreement between MIT andAnna’s Taqueria “was all completedbefore the holidays, so that’s allset,” Berlin said.

Workers are currently rehabbing

the location, formerly occupied byArrow Street Crepes. “Designs havebeen developed and approved,”Berlin said, and they are “tearingout what they don’t want and keep-ing the parts that they do want.”

When construction is finished,the Student Center location will“look like the other locations,”except for some more modern furni-ture and lighting to go with thehigh-tech feel of MIT, Kamio said.It will have “a nice warm yellowcolor” and a “kitchen-y feel,” hesaid.

Unlike Arrow Street Crepes,which had a lot of counter seatingfacing the windows, Anna’s Taque-ria will have more seating arrangedso that people can “eat together as

groups,” making the environment“more conversational,” Berlin said.

Most of the current construction“is being handled by Anna’s them-selves,” as much of the “more hard-core mechanical stuff” had alreadybeen done by MIT back whenpreparations were being made tobring in Arrow Street Crepes, hesaid.

January 5, 2005 THE TECH Page 9

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Former MIT ProfessorNominated to Cabinet

By Anthony FlintTHE BOSTON GLOBE

Desperate to dig out of a $16million budget hole, the T is consid-ering cutting the Night Owl bus ser-vice, which ferries late-night pas-sengers home on weekends, afterthe rest of the transit system shutsdown, a top MBTA official said.

In addition, seven bus routes —privately operated, but funded bythe T — that average a total of1,750 weekday passengers from thesuburbs into Boston and from Fram-ingham to Marlborough are beingtargeted for elimination. The statehas not decided whether it will pickup the $2 million annual cost to runthe routes.

The Night Owl service, begun in2001, has been singled out for elim-ination first, because revenue fromits relatively small ridership doesnot come close to covering the $1.4million annual cost. The bus ser-vice, which some say helps to pre-vent drunken driving, has been cutback, but may have to go entirely,the senior MBTA official said thisweek.

The T has to come up with $16million in savings to bring its $1.1billion budget into balance by thetime the fiscal year ends next sum-mer. Much of the focus is on trim-ming the payroll through retire-ments, a hiring freeze, and, as a lastresort, layoffs, said the T official,who spoke on condition ofanonymity.

But cuts in service must also beconsidered, and routes with low rid-ership are the natural first candi-dates, the official said.

This month, the T said that afterJan. 2 it would close two BostonHarbor ferry lines, from North Sta-tion to the South Boston Waterfrontand to Charlestown, arguing that thelow ridership didn’t justify the$710,000 annual cost.

Joe Pesaturo, spokesman for theMassachusetts Bay TransportationAuthority, said, “We are not readyto get into specifics, and no finaldecisions have been made.” But headded that “corrective actions willhave to be taken.”

This month MBTA GeneralManager Michael Mulhern blamedthe budget shortfall on unexpectedlyhigh fuel prices and sharp increasesin healthcare costs for the T’s

approximately 6,000 employees.The shortfall is not because of

decreases in ridership, MBTA offi-cials say, though the agency hasbeen unable to attract many new rid-ers since an across-the-board farehike took effect in January. Twoyears ago, a similar $18 millionbudget gap was attributed to adecline in riders and a decrease instate sales tax revenue.

Mulhern is preparing to gobefore the MBTA board as early asnext month with recommendationsto close the budget gap.

Mulhern has also said that thebudget problems illustrate why theT cannot afford to expand withoutmore money from the state. Localofficials, residents, and environmen-tal activists are pushing for projects,including those promised 15 yearsago in return for the Big Dig.

The Night Owl is made up offive local bus routes — betweenGovernment Center and Newtonand Watertown, between HarvardSquare and Roxbury, between Rox-bury and Mattapan Square, andbetween Harvard Square and Rox-bury via Allston and Brookline —and nine so-called rail buses thatparallel subway lines, all runningfrom 1 to 2:30 a.m. Saturday andSunday. The fare ranges from $1.50to $4, compared to the usual fare of90 cents.

The service started off with abang, but ridership dwindled lastyear to an average 1,900 per week-end night. It brought in only$24,500 in cash in 2002.

Those who argue for keeping theservice, including nightclub ownersand Councilor Michael Ross, whorepresents Back Bay and Fenway,say that few world-class cities shutdown their public transit as early as12:30 a.m., as Boston does.

Instead of eliminating the NightOwl, Ross said the service shouldbe expanded, possibly to theovernight hours from Thursday intoFriday.

“It’s working for young people,working people, and anyone whocan’t afford an outrageously expen-sive cab ride late at night,” he saidyesterday.

Within the MBTA, however, theservice is viewed dimly. Driversmust be paid more to work theNight Owl’s hours. Even with thehigher fare, there aren’t enough rid-ers to cover the costs of operatingthe buses, T officials say.

The same is true, T officials say,for the regional bus lines that the Tis considering cutting: six privatelyoperated weekday routes feedinginto Boston from Taunton, North-borough, Newburyport, Worcester,Hudson-Marlborough, Plymouth viaKingston, and Plymouth viaDuxbury and Marshfield, as well asone bus from Framingham to Marl-borough.

“These are low-volume, high-subsidy routes,” the senior T officialsaid.

The Northborough-to-Bostonline gets the lightest use, with anaverage of 20 riders per weekday,while the Plymouth-to-Boston linesare the most popular, with 445 rid-ers per weekday. By contrast, themost heavily used T buses carryseveral thousand people every day.

The T was forced to pick up theannual $2 million cost of those sub-urban routes in 2000 when the Leg-islature did not include it in the statebudget. Budget-cutters at the T arehoping the state will take over fund-ing the routes, but otherwise areready to shut off T funding, whichwould end the service.

Jon Carlisle, spokesman for stateTransportation Secretary Daniel A.Grabauskas, confirmed that “reduc-tions in the [suburban] bus programare on the table for discussion at theT.”

“The state would have to employthe same kind of critical eye to themaintenance of the bus service thatthe MBTA does,” he said.

MBTA May TerminateNight Owl Bus Service

Page 10 THE TECH January 5, 2005

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Engineering Career Fair, DeSienosaid, “I’m going to try to get inshape for the Boston marathon.”

Jason Park ’05 plans to do somerelaxing on top of working on hisUROP. As the president of theAsian American Association, he’splanning to do “some low-key funstuff for people who are still here —go to Chinatown, maybe some com-

munity service, go out and havesome fun, and maybe a ski trip,”said Park. Much of his time willalso be committed to the volleyballteam. “It takes up a lot of time, butit’s always worth it,” Park said.

But what will be the most time-consuming is his thesis/UROPwork. “We’re working on gene fab-rication — the ability to makecheaply, efficiently, and quickly,DNA of arbitrary length and

sequence,” he said. Countless other activities are

being held this month, some ofthem wackier than others. Studentscan take an introduction to fly fish-ing, tour the Boston Public Library,learn how to make chocolate truf-fles or roll Japanese sushi, do someblacksmithing, or create stop-motion animation using robots —and that’s just during the firstweek.

IAP, from Page 1

KENNETH YAN—THE TECH

The MIT Logarhythms put on their annual winter concert in Kresge, Saturday evening, Dec. 11, 2004.

SIE HENDRATA DHARMAWAN—THE TECH

Students Make the Most of IAP

Yogurt-covered pretzels — Every Tuesday night this Jan.

January 5, 2005 THE TECH Page 11

Wanna Be a GRT?

Graduate Resident Tutor (GRT) Info. Sessions:

January 10 @ 7pm at Sidney-Pacific January 21 @ 3pm in the GSC Office (50- 220)

GRTs are full time enrolled MIT graduate students who live in MIT undergraduate residence halls to foster a safe and supportive living environment. Eligibility Á Full time graduate students, single or with families, registered at MIT, or in a combined

program with MIT and another institution, may apply. Á Students must be registered in a multi-year program and be at a point in their studies

where they will likely be staying at MIT for several more years. Á An international student on any type of visa who already has a Research Assistantship or a

Teaching Assistantship at MIT requiring over ten hours of work per week should not apply because acceptance of a position would result in over twenty hours of employment, in violation of U.S. law.

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Applications due January 28, 2005.

Hard or Soft?The choice between soft and hard furniture is

among the main considerations of a committeecharged with evaluating future uses of the space cur-

rently occupied by theCashier’s Office.

The idea is to create acommunity space “with astudent focus,” said Debo-rah R. Poodry, Director

for Capital Project Development.Soft furniture, such as that on the first floor of the

Student Center, would allow students “informalaccess to sit and do things,” while hard furniturewould be ideal for a study space, Poodry said. Both

these uses of the space were suggested at a forumheld in December, attended mostly by students, shesaid.

In past few months, the committee also studiedother spaces around campus and “what’s been moreand less successful” about them, she said. They willsend a report of their findings in the coming weeks toChancellor Phillip L. Clay, she said.

No date has been set for the move of the Cashier’sOffice from its present location, said AssistantAccounting Officer Cheryl A. Whelan.

Assistant to the Controller Paul J. Arsenault saidthat there is presently no schedule for announcing thedate of the move, but the MIT community willreceive two months notice before the office relocates.

—Kelley Rivoire

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ten years.

Entry to U.S. delayed for someAlthough the number of foreign

students nationwide has been on asteady decline, administrators in theDepartments of Chemical Engineer-ing, Physics, Electrical Engineeringand Computer Science, and Mathe-matics said that foreign studentenrollment has not been greatlyaffected by the terrorist attacks ofSept. 11, 2001. Students have expe-rienced delays, but none werebarred from admission.

Suzanne E. Easterly, academicadministrator in the Department ofChemical Engineering, said that noforeign graduate students acceptedto MIT in her department weredenied entry into the U.S., but a fewwere delayed by visa problems.

Brian E. Canavan, the academicadministrator in the Department ofPhysics, said a “small handful” ofdelays occurred because of the shortperiod between when foreign stu-dents are accepted and when theyarrive. Countries such as Russia,China, and Germany have slow visaclearance processes, he said. Con-sistent with previous years, the per-centage of international students inthe department remained at 50 per-cent.

Sixty percent of the graduate stu-dents in the mathematics departmentare international students. AssociateMathematics Professor Pavel I.Etingof said that students from Iran,Russia, Pakistan, and China haveexperienced visa troubles, resultingin arrivals as late as October. Somestudents choose not to return to theirhome country over the summer forfear of not being able to return.

CHRISTINA KANG—THE TECH

David I. Widerhorn ’08 wins the two level eating contest put on by the Undergraduate AssociationCommittee on Student Life last December. Widerhorn finished first against a classmate in the ini-tial hot-dog contest and proceeded to win against all classes in the final round of hamburgers.

Visa Problems DelaySome Grad StudentsInternationals, from Page 1

The Tech — publishing every Wed. of IAP

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SPORTSPage 12 THE TECH January 5, 2005

By Victoria AndersonTEAM ALUMNA

The MIT Men’s and Women’s Swimming andDiving Teams closed out the first half of their sea-

son with a pair of victories over NewEngland Women’s and Men’s Athlet-ic Conference rival Wheaton College.The women topped the Lyons168–119 while the men won by ascore of 153–132.

The men won despite the disqualification of tworelay teams in the first event, the 200-yard medleyrelay, including their top team. The Beavers’ suc-cess in the event was due to Matthieu Fuzellier ’05,Kalvin D. Kao ’08, Jeffrey J. Pan ’07, and NemanjaL. Spasojevic ’05, who won the event over the topteam fielded by Wheaton.

The Beavers pulled together for the individualevents after the disappointing double disqualifica-tion in the first relay. Both Kao and Craig M.Edwards ’07 took two individual events apiece,Edwards topping the 200 free and the 200 back,Kao winning the 200 breast and the 200 IM.Edwards recorded a provisional NCAA Division III

national qualification time in the 200 backstroke. The Men’s squad finished off the meet with a

victory in the 200 free relay to avenge the earlierrelay disqualifications. Fuzellier, Grady A. Snyder’06, Jonathan S. Varsanik ’05, and Edwards toppedthe other teams.

The Women’s team had a better meet than theMen’s team in terms of individual victories, withJulianna K. Edwards ’08 taking three events andDoria M. Holbrook ’08 and Katherine C. Thornton’07 taking two each.

Edwards touched first in her signature events,the 100 and 200 back, as well as the 200 IM. Thorn-ton took a break from the 1000 free, an event thatshe consistently tops the field in, and won the 100breast and the 500 free instead. Holbrook continuedher dominance in the diving events, taking firstplace on both the 1-meter and 3-meter boards.

The victory over Wheaton leaves the Women’steam with a record of 7–0 and the Men’s team witha 5–1 record. Both squads break from competitionuntil the weekend of Jan 15 and 16, when they trav-el to Brandeis on the 15th and host Springfield onthe 16th.

SCOREBOARD FOR SWIMING, DIVING MEETSMIT Women vs. Wheaton: 168–119Event Place MIT Result200 Medley Relay 2 MIT-A (Julianna K. Edwards ’08, Katherine C. Thornton ’07,

Annika S. Larsson ’08, Jacquelyn M. Nowicke ’08) 1:55.933 MIT-B (Jennifer A. La’O ’05, Melissa E. Dere ’06,

Jessica A. Harpole ’07, Jennifer J. DeBoer ’05) 1:59.711000 Free 1 Sasha B. Brophy ’08 11:24.91

2 Maryann E. Racine ’06 11:44.01200 Free 1 Nowicke 2:04.32

3 Katrina M. Cornell ’06 2:08.55100 Back 1 Edwards 1:02.51100 Breast 1 Thornton 1:11.74

2 Moria C. Chambers ’06 1:14.51200 Fly 1 La’O 2:16.92

2 Dere 2:22.0750 Free 2 DeBoer 26.551 Meter Diving 1 Doria M. Holbrook ’08 216.83

2 Ashley R. Rothenberg ’05 171.753 Jaryn E. Finch ’05 143.10

100 Free 2 Brophy 56.883 Nowicke 56.94

200 Back 1 Edwards 2:10.40200 Breast 1 Dere 2:36.18

2 Chambers 2:38.09500 Free 1 Thornton 5:21.93

2 DeBoer 5:34.383 Lindsey R. Sheehan ’07 5:48.12

100 Fly 2 Larsson 1:02.343 La’O 1:02.70

3 Meter Diving 1 Holbrook 242.632 Rothenberg 162.083 Finch 154.20

200 IM 1 Edwards 2:14.022 Dere 2:23.76

200 Free Relay 1 MIT-A (DeBoer, Nowicke, Brophy, Erin M. Zoller ’05) 1:44.993 MIT-B (Thornton, Harpole, Laura B. Shimmin ’05, Larsson) 1:47.55

MIT Men vs. Wheaton: 153–132Event Place MIT Result200 Medley Relay 1 MIT-B (Matthieu Fuzellier ’05, Kalvin D. Kao ’08,

Jeffrey J. Pan ’07, Nemanja L. Spasojevic ’05) 1:43.171000 Free 2 Matthew G. Angle ’07 10:49.07

3 Harrison K. Hall ’08 10:52.33200 Free 1 Craig M. Edwards ’07 1:49.02100 Back 2 Kao 56.98100 Breast 1 Joseph P. Carlucci ’05 59.60

2 Jeffrey B. Gilbert ’05, 1:04.773 Josiah B. Rosmarin ’06 1:04.78

200 Fly 2 Pan 2:09.433 Neil J. Kelly ’06 2:13.23

50 Free 2 Jonathan S. Varsanik ’05 22.003 Grady A. Snyder ’06 22.29

1 Meter Diving 3 Mikko A. Solomon ’07 171.53100 Free 2 Varsanik 48.60

3 Michael D. Dimitriou ’06 49.98200 Back 1 Edwards 1:54.31

2 Fuzellier 1:56.21200 Breast 1 Kao 2:15.76

2 Gilbert 2:19.01500 Free 2 Snyder 5:08.51

3 Davin F. Fan ’08 5:13.29100 Fly 3 Carlucci 57.40200 IM 1 Kao 2:00.44

3 Gilbert 2:11.09200 Free Relay 1 MIT-A (Fuzellier, Snyder, Varsanik, Edwards) 1:26.39

3 MIT-B (Carlucci, Dimitriou, Fan, Spasojevic) 1:32.74

Women’s, Men’s Swim TeamsEarn Wins Against Wheaton

UPCOMING HOME EVENTS

Thursday, January 6Varsity Women’s Basketball vs.

Springfield College, . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Rockwell Cage, 7 p.m.

Saturday, January 8Varsity Women’s Basketball vs. U.S. Coast

Guard Academy, . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Rockwell Cage, 1 p.m.

Varsity Men’s Basketball vs. Wheaton College, . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Rockwell Cage, 3 p.m.

Tuesday, January 11Varsity Men’s Basketball vs. Worcester

Polytechnic Institute, . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Rockwell Cage, 7 p.m.