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Canadian Coast Guard Auxiliary

(Central & Arctic)

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(Central & Arctic)

SURVIVAL

NAVIGATION

This Version Compile

d

By Jim

Gram

With the Assistance of Don Lim

oges

January 2002

Canadian Coast Guard Auxiliary (Central and Arctic) Inc.

Click here for InstructorInform

ation


(Central & Arctic)

TITLE PAGE


(Central & Arctic)

NTHE EARTH

THE EARTH

MERIDIANS OF

LONGITUDE

PARALLELS OF

LATITUDE


(Central & Arctic)

Latitude Numbers?

00°

30°SOUTH

30°NORTH

60°NORTH

90°NORTH

60°SOUTH

90°SOUTH

N


(Central & Arctic)

To 180°

EAST

To 180°

WEST

Longitude Numbers?

15°W

EST

45°WEST

15°EAST

45°EAST

GREENWICH

IS 000°


(Central & Arctic)

A CHART IS A G

RID And M

AJOR

lines

(meridians)

of Longitude

With M

AJOR

lines

(parallels) of

Latitude


(Central & Arctic)

TO LOCATE LATITUDE

080º05’

080º10’

40º15’

This line is

40º19.0’

This line is 40º15.6’

40º20’

Find the

Major

lines of

Latitude

Each

Minute is

divided


(Central & Arctic)

TO LOCATE LONGITUDE

080°05’

080°10’

Each M

inute is split

into divisions

This line is

080º 11.2’

This line is

080º 07.6’

Find the MAJOR labeled lines of Longitude


(Central & Arctic)

ON A

CHART

Find

Find

Latitude

Latitude

TO LOCATE A POSITION


(Central & Arctic)

FIND

LATITUDE

45°38.4’N

45º30’

45º40’

080º20’

080º10’

45º38.4’N

Extend this line

as necessary


(Central & Arctic)

ON A

CHART

Find

Find

Longitude

Longitude

TO LOCATE A POSITION


(Central & Arctic)

45º30’

45º40’

080º20’

080º10’

080º13.0’

Extend this

line as

necessary

Find

Longitude

080°13.0’W


(Central & Arctic)

PLOT THE

POSITION

45°38.4’N,

080°13.0’W

45º30’

45º40’

080º20’

080º10’

080º13.0’

45°38.4’

Plot the position here

45°38.4’N, 080°13.0’W


(Central & Arctic)

Measure Distance

Traveled


(Central & Arctic)

Which Scale to Measure Distances?

Lines of Longitude

are different

distances apart

One M

inute = ???

Lines of Latitude

are always the

same distance

apart

One M

inute = 1 NM


(Central & Arctic)

45º30’

080º20’

080º10’

3.2 NM

3.4NM

45º40’

Find

Distance


(Central & Arctic)

60 D = ST

Distance (D) in Nautical Miles

Tim

e(T) in Minutes

Speed (S) in Knots

(KTS)

60 X D

S

60 X D

T

S X T

60

D =

T =

S =


(Central & Arctic)

WHAT’S AN ETA ?

WHAT’S AN ETA ?

Estimated Tim

e of Arrival (ETA) is

CLOCK tim

e, not elapsed tim

e.

Example: Tim

e of departure: 2230 hr.

Running tim

e (elapsed tim

e): 50 m

inutes

Separate

hours and m

inutes:

22 hr

30 M

in

Add _______50 M

in

=22 hr

80 M

in

ETA is 2320


(Central & Arctic)

BEARINGS


(Central & Arctic)

THE COMPASS ROSE

THE COMPASS ROSE

N

090º

180º

270º

000º

The Outside scale gives

TRUE readings. USE

THIS FOR CHARTWORK

The Inner Scale

shows Compass

Variation


(Central & Arctic)

What Course is the Canoe

Traveling?

N

090º

180º

270º

000º

Lay a ruler

along the

course

Read the Course

direction on the Outside

Scale


(Central & Arctic)

Finding a Bearing of 220°

Off (from) the Beacon

N

090º

180º

270º

000º

Use OUTSIDE SCALE.

Watch DIRECTION

THIS is 220º

This is a

BEARING

of 220º

FROM the

Beacon.


(Central & Arctic)

END


(Central & Arctic)

OPTIONAL


(Central & Arctic)

HINTS FOR USING POWER POINT

For a Full List of commands, Go to

Slide Show / View Show / F1

•Move FORWARD

•Right or Down Arrow

•Page Down

•Space Bar

•N

•Move BACKWARD

•Left or Up Arrow

•Page Up

•Back Space

•P

•Show the ARROW:CTRL A

•To Hide it: CTRL H

•Show the PEN:CTRL P

•To Hide it: CTRL H

Change Pen Colour: Right Click, Pointer Options,Pen Colour

End the Presentation: ESC

JUMP DIRECTLYto a slide:

Slide N

umber and Return

Return to the First Slide: Home

OK? Then:

Hit: 2 and RETURN, or,

Click on

Start Slide Show: F5


(Central & Arctic)

VARIATION DIAGRAM

N (TRUE)

MAGNETIC

NORTH

Variation W

est

Compass reads

too far WEST.

So, ADD the

Variation to the

compass to

“correct” it.

Variation East

Compass reads

too far

EAST.

So DEDUCT the

variation from

the compass to

“correct” it.

Return

Next


(Central & Arctic)

(4(4’’ WW

))Variation is

increasing to the W

est

by 4’(four minutes)

each year.

4’x 15 Years = 60’= 1°

N

000°

180º

270º

180º

The Compass Rose and Variation

010 W 199

9 (4’W)

Look here along the arrow:

Example: 010

010ººW 1999 (4

W 1999 (4’’W)

W)

010

010°° W

1999

W 1999

In 1999

Variation was 010°WEST

Return


(Central & Arctic)GREENWICH

U.K.

Is on the Thames River a

short distance east of

London England. It is

located on Longitude

000°.

Longitude is m

easured from the 000°M

eridian to 180°

to the W

est, and to 180°to the East.

The tim

e at Greenwich (Greenwich Mean Tim

e, or

Coordinated Universal Tim

e, or Z) is the “base”time

for most military, naval, coastal navigation, celestial

navigations tables and the like. (Except CCGA).


(Central & Arctic)

INSTRUCTOR INFORMATION

INSTRUCTOR INFORMATION

This m

aterial responds to a need for very basic

crew-level navigation skills.

It is assumed that only compass, chart, dividers,

and straightedge are available. This is likely to be

the case where electronics have failed.

Variationis an Optional Topic. If omitted, Instructors

could sim

ply show students how to add or deduct

the localDegrees of Variation to either Compass or

Chart (true) Course.

Jim

Gram, 2002.

RETURN to TITLE PAGE


(Central & Arctic)

USING THE CHART

The following slide contains an over-sim

plified diagram-type

“chart”. This, or a sim

ilar chart, is easily reproduced so each

student can have a copy and perform

the skills as the

presentation unfolds. This “chart” can be useful to develop

basic principles and skills without some of the distractions ofa

real chart.

The slide containing the attached chart can be copied to your

word processing program for modification, copied to a new slide

and m

odified here, or printed directly for use in your instruction.

To print directly from the slide, be sure to use

“Landscape” orientation, and check “Scale to fit

paper”. The chart will then fill an 8 ½ x 11 page.

RETURNto TITLE PAGE


(Central & Arctic)

BASE

BAR

POINT

ROCK

IS.

HAPPY

MARINA

BIG

BAY

ROCK

POINT

Gull

Island

FOG

POINT

WEATHER

STATION

TOWN OF

MARCUS

CANAL

CITY

PAUL’S

MARINA

40° °°°30.0’

079° °°°10’

20’

CHART I

40º 40.0’

SUBMERGED

WRECK

COOL ISLAND

Fl R

DONALD

POINT

DRIVER POINT

MUDDY BAY

N

000° °°°

90° °°°

180° °°°

270° °°° 15° °°°

Increments

VAR 15º W

CHART


(Central & Arctic)

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NO? Go ahead Hit Space Bar or Down Arrow Need Help With POWER POINT? Navigation.pdf · Need Help With POWER POINT? ... or Coordinated Universal Time, or Z) is the “base”time for