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Nissil Bodies
Axon Hillock
Motor Neuron
Schwann Cell
Functional Classification
1. Sensory (afferent)
2. Motor (efferent)
3. Interneurons
• Conducts action potentials from periphery to CNS
• Transmits action potentials from CNS to periphery
• Impulses to effectors
• Completely within CNS
• Transmits action potentials from one part of CNS to another part of CNS
Neuroglia
Neuroglia CNS
Oligodendrocyte- Forms Myelin
Astrocyte- Promote blood brain barrier, nourish neuron, strengthen. "mommy"
Ependymal- Produce cerebrospinal fluid, form blood brain barrier
Microglia- Phagocytize bacteria
Neuroglia PNS
Schwann Cell- Myelin
Satellite Cell- nourish and support
(The mommy for the PNS)
Disorders of the Neuroglia
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis/ Lou Gehrig's- Astrocyte's secrete toxins that destroy neurons
Hungtington's- Microglia secretes toxins destroying neurons
Membrane Potential
Membrane Potential
Membrane Potential
Measuring the Action Potential
http://highered.mcgraw-hill.com/sites/0073525707/student_view0/chapter10/voltage-gated_channels_and_the_action_potential.html
Neurotransmitters +30 or more types
Acetylcholine – stimulates skeletal muscle contractions
Monoamines
Norepinephrine
Dopamine
Norepinephrine & Dopamine generate a sense of well-being in CNS
Amphetamines increases levels of dopamine & Norepinephrine
Amino Acids
GABA
General Inhibitory neurotransmitter in CNS
Opens Cl- channels, Cl- influx hyperpolarizes cell
Some Anesthesia enhance GABA secretions
Schizophrenia – associated with GABA deficiency
Gas
Nitric Oxide (NO)
Vasodilator
Released during sexual arousal
Viagra prolongs the presence of NO