NIPER Syllabus[1]

8/7/2019 NIPER Syllabus[1]

1/7

NIPEREXAMINATION CRITERIA :

200 mark paper

120 min. time

objective type paper -ve marking(0.25)/q..

Chemistrya) Basics of drug action

inter & intramolecular interaction -weak interaction in drug molecules , chirality & drug

action , covalent , ion,ion dipole ,hydrogen bonding ,c-h hydrogen bonding ,dihydrogen

bonding ,van der waals interaction & associated energies .(ref. Berger )

energy concept & its importance in drug action -first ,second third laws of

thermodynamics& free energy concept , chemical potential concept , thermodynamic cycle &

statistical thermodynamic concept .(ref.martin)

Receptorology -Drug receptor interaction , receptor theories occupanc y theory ,ratetheory , induced fit , macromolecular perturbation , activation aggregation theory.

(ref.foye/tripathi)

Enzyme kinetics in drug action -Mechanisms of enzyme catalysis , activation inhibitionconcept , covalent catalysis , coenzyme catalysis , enzyme activation of drug prodrugs .

(ref.lehininger)

Nucleic acid as target for drug action -Na interactive agent , classea of drug intractingwith na . intercalation , na alkylation , na strand breaking .

(ref.foye)

B) spectral analysis1. ultra violet & visible spectroscopy :basic principle ,characteristics region of spectrum, energy levels & selection rules,

woodward fieser , fieser-kuhn & nelson rule . influence of substituent ,ring size & strain

on spectral characteristics , solvent effect non-conjugated interaction ,spectral correlationwith structure , uv- values .

(ref.pavia )

2. infrared spectroscopy :characteristics region of spectrum , influence of substituents , ring size , hydrogen bond ,

vibrational coupling & field effect on frequency . spectral interpretation , ir value.

.(ref.pavia )

3. Nulear magnetic resonance spectrum :Magnetice nuclei , chemical shift & shielding , relaxation ,processes ., chemical &^

magenetce non equivanence , local dinagnetce shielding , magnetice anisotropy , spin

spin splitting , pascal triangle , coupling constant ..(ref.pavia )

c)Analytical techniques

1. chromatography :

general principles , classification , normal & reversed phase , bonded phase,


2/7

sepration mechanisms .

types: a. column chroma tography .

b. flash chromatography .c. vaccum liquid chromatography .

d. hplc

e. tlc, hptlc, oplc (over pressure layer chromatography )f. centrifugal chromatography .

g. counter current chromatography .

h. droplet counter current chromatography .i. ion exchange , affinity , size exclusion & ion pair chromatography

perfusion , fast protein liquid chromatography, supercritical chrmo.

j. gc, gc-ms, lc- ms .

2. Thermal techniques :dsc, dta, tga .ord , cd .3. Electrophoresis : capillary, gel .

4. other : crystallography , spectrofluorimetry .(ref-trease& evan / A .chatwal )

D) logic in organic synthesismethods of determining reaction mechanism ( kinetic& non kinetic method ) ;energy

profile diagram , reaction intermediate , crossover expert. , isotope labeling, order ofreaction , reversible , consecutive reaction parallel reaction ,solvent ,ionic strength & salt

effect. Uni bi molecular reaction , attacking group & leaving group , sterice &

electronic effect , nucleophilic & elecrophilic substitution reaction ,addition elimination

reaction, synthon approach , reaction like hydroboration , ylides , alkylation ,metal/ammonia reduction , reaction of electron deficient intermediates , organometallics ,

pericyclic reaction , cyclo addition , sigmatropice rearrangeme nt , franck- condon

principle ,Baldwin rule ,wacker oxidation .name reaction (detail )

(ref- chatwal /sanyal )

E)medicinal chemistry section

1. drug design

random / non random screening , lead identification , optimization , homologation

bioisosterism. Qsar 2d & 3d , comfa , comsia ,molecular modeling concept .(ref-foye / v.m.kulkarni-drug design )

2. peptide chemistry

basic structure of amino acid , single & triple code of amino acid ,

physicochemical property of amino acid , qualitative & quantative estimation ofamino acid , end group determination of peptide , sequencing of peptide using

chemical & analytical techniques ,structural determination techniques .

protein type ,classification , folding .(ref-Morrison& boyds / lehininger )

3. carbohydrate chemistry

Basic structure of sugar , classification of sugar.Concept of epimer, anomer,ruffs degradation reaction.

Identification test .

(ref- study detail ch. In Morrison& boyds )

4.detail study of :


3/7

Kinase, Phosphatase, Protease, HMG-CoA reductase, selective COX-2, and

selective PDE4 inhibitors. PPAR- ? and Angiotensin receptor antagonist,

Alzeimer dementia(Ref-foye: new edition)

5.Chemotherapy

Structure , IUPAC , mode of action , resistance ,toxicity ofAnti-tuberculosis drug.

Anti- malarial

Anti-leishmanialAnti-hiv

Anti- filarial .

Anti-amoebic

Anti- viral drug .(Ref-foye: new edition)

Natural product1. phytopharmaceutical study of following classes of drug.

a) anticancerb) anti-diabetice

c) anti-haemmorids

d) anti-viral

e) anti-malarialf) anti-TB

g) bronchial asthma

h) sedative/tranquilizeri) urinary stone

j) laxative

k) Hepatoprotective

l) cardiovascularm) adaptogens

n) immunomodulatoro) memory enhancer

p) anti-inflammatory

q) anti-parasitics

R) Gynaecological disorders(Ref- Trease & evan)

2.Biosynthetice pathways

carbohydrates,glycosides& saponines,alkaloids, steroid,triterpenoids,coumarinslignans,flavonoids,lipids,autocoids .

(ref- Bready & Taylor /Trease & evan)1. Medicial plant biothecnologyPlant growth regulator ,transgenic plant, primary metabolite & secondary

metabolite from plant, microbial phytotoxins ,use of herbicide ,

weedicide,insecticide. plantsweeteners ,plantantibodies ( immunoglobins)

Mutation study, cell immobilization .(Ref- Trease & evan)

2. marine natural product


4/7

marine biomedicinals & marine toxine from bacteria , microalgae,rhodophyta

chlorophyta,porifera,ascidians,corals,nudibranch. Biosynthesis of marine

natural product .(ref- Bready & Taylor)

3.Detail study of

Rutin,b-sitosterol & stigmasterol,piper longum,curcuma longa rhizome,glycyrrhizin,eugenol,emblica officianalis bark, pentacyclice triterpene

,Solasidine, coumarin ,flavones ,dietary anti-oxidants, Artemisia annua ,Trichopus zeylanicus , Hypericum perforatum , statin drugs (antihyper-Lipaedemice),probiotic, nutraceuticals

(Ref- Trease & evan)

Pharmaceutics1. core pharmaceutics :

a) preformulation studyb) complexation study

c) solubilization

d) rheologye) micomeritics

f) kinetice

(ref. martin )

2.solid state pharmaceutics :

a)molecular level-crystallinity ,crystal habit ,polymorphism , amorphsim ,hydrates,&

solvate .

b) partical level partcal size , partical shape ,porosity , surface area.c) bulk level bulk density compressibility , flow properties , cohesivity , aggregation

agglomeration.

(ref. martin )

3.Dosage form design parameter :a) physicochemical aspect- pka,partition coefficient , solubility .

b) dissolution theories of dissolution ,conventional release, controlled releasedmechanism, dissolution equipments, invitro-invivo correlation

c) disintegration concept .

d) biological aspect- impact of paramameter on drug absorption ,routes of

administration, first pass metabolism .( ref. I.P , bkar )

4..drug delivery systems :

a) per-oral-tab/cap/sol./susp./emul.b) transdermal

c) parenterald)drug targeting microspheres ,nanopartical,monoclonal antibodies ,liposome .e) aerosols

f) mucoadhesive , iontophoresis .

(ref.lachman ,I.P )

5. product development :

a) formulation additives-anti oxidant ,coloring agent , flavoring agent ,emulsifying

agent ,diluent ,ointment base ,preservative .


5/7

b) chemical & biochemical degradation of polymer , type of polymer (in detail ).

c)package development type, packing material , preformulation study of package.

d)Hydogel ,fiber, films(ref.lachman ,I.P )

6. biopharmaceutices & pharmacokinetice :

conc.-time profile , fluid compartment ,protein binding concept , drug disposition,drug clearance , absortion rate constant concept : lag time ,flip-flop model , wagner

nelson model ,loo-reigelman method. Drug distribution .

nonlinear pharmacokinetice , chronopharmacokinetice concept , pharmacokineticein child, elderly, pregenancy .

( ref. bkar )

( Note give importance to units )

Pharmacology1. pharmacological study of following classes of drug:

( moa , toxicity mainly )

a.diabetice

b.parkinsonismc. rheumatoid arthritis

d. gout

e. anemia

f. schizophreniag.alzheimer

h. epilepsy

I .respiratory , urinary , veneral ,menigial infection .j.cardaic disorder hyper, hypo.arrhythmia .

k ulcer, pancreatitis , hepatitis , cholecytesitis.

L b.asthma

M drug acting on cns .(detail )n.autocoid .

o. anti-inflammatory2. general pharmacology :

concept of agonist & antagonist ( detail)

receptor- theories,type:spare, silent , orphan, pre & post synaptice .

concept of cgmp, camp .concept of desensitization , tachyphylaxis , drug dependence .drug interaction .

3. Detail study antimalarial , anti t.b. , antileishmanial , antidibete.bioassay.

(Ref. k.d tripathi , Goodman & Gilman.)

Biotechnology

1. cell biology & biochemistrycell structure , cell function , cell-cell signaling .

protein- synthesis , conformation , function , protein chemistry ( detail ).

Enzyme, nulcie acid ( detail study ).Radioisotope in biology isotope , tracer , disintegration const. , decay constant ,

Unit ( dpm , cpm , rad ) , quenching , counting method , isotope labeling .

(ref. lehiningers / becket & stenly )

2. molecular biology


6/7

concept of gene , gene expression ,genetic, dna foarm a,b,z,p,r,d.

dna replication , transcription , translation ( detail ) .hn rna ,sn rna .

mutation study type , mutagenesis .gene cloning cloning vector , plasmids , transposons , bacteriophage , cosmide .

lambda . cloning method . concept of operon lac operon , trep operon .

3. R-DNA technologyBacterial transformation , principle of dna, rna isolation .

Southern , northen , western blot . Dna sequencing technique , c-dna synthesis ,

pcr ( detail )Dna sequencing technique , c-dna synthesis , pcr ( detail )

4. microbiology

Basic pri. of microbiology . type, characteristic of microbe .

Concept of lytice , lysogeny cycle , type& method of stain , sterilization Type ,pri. etc.( detail) ,industrial use of microbe.

(ref- huggo & russel /a.narayan /-pleizer)

5. immunology

basic concept of immunity .type of immunoglobin .

cell & organ of immunity system .type humoral , cell mediated , natural .

concept of natural killer cell , immune memory , immune tolerance

disorder autoimmuno , immuno suppresion

immunological procedure elisa , immuno blot, agglutination , immunofluorescence .

(ref- huggo & russel /a.narayan )

6. Bioprocess technology

concept of primary & secondary metabolite

industrial importanace of microbial metabolites

primary metabolit baker yeast , ethanol , acetone butanol , citric acid , lacticacid , amino acid , bioplastic.

Secondary metabolite penicillin , cephalosporin , vitamins , streptomycin.

Enzyme technology Production & use of glucose isomerase , amylase ,cellulase, pencillin acylase,lipase, protease,hydantoinase, nitrilase.

Concept of biomass , biofertilizer , biopesticide ,immobilization of enzyme .

Concept of Upstream & down stream process .

(Ref.-pleizer)

6.. concept ofsds, page ,pcr ,microarray , electophoresis .monoclonal antibody.

Intron , exon , tata box, (detail)

( Note ref. glossary of all biotech.book )

Biostatistics3. introduction

data collection, organization, central tendency dispersion , sampling

thchniques , sample size, coefficient of varation , mean error, relative error

precision , accuracy .4. probability

definition , normal, binominal polynominal distribution ,fiducial limits ,


7/7

pobit & logit analysis.

5. Regression

linear , multiple regression ,correlation concept .. parametric / non parametric test :chi-square , sign , wilcoxon sign rank

goodness of fit. mann-whitney test .

5.expeimental designfactorial design , latin square design ,crossover & parallel design

General study1. English L- synonyms ,antinymos,phrases etc.

2. I.Q.test- problem fig. , numerical etc.

3. General K- dolly clone in which yr.Pentagan famous for ?

Name of various CSIR lab /their location.

Noble prize winer?

Good Luck

Best of luck

Documents

NIPER Syllabus[1]