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NIGHT VISION TECHNOLOGY BY H. PRAMOD KUMAR 07AG1A0417

Night Vision Tech Ppt Pramod

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Page 1: Night Vision Tech Ppt Pramod

NIGHT VISION TECHNOLOGYNIGHT VISION TECHNOLOGY

BY

H. PRAMOD KUMAR

07AG1A0417

Page 2: Night Vision Tech Ppt Pramod

NIGHT VISION TECHNOLOGYNIGHT VISION TECHNOLOGY

IntroductionTypes of NVTThermal Imaging Image EnhancementPerformance AttributesTechnical characteristicsEquipmentsApplicationsConclusionReferences

Page 3: Night Vision Tech Ppt Pramod

IntroductionNVT allows us to see in the darkOriginally developed for military useNow used for site security, surveillance

as well as search and rescueEvolved from bulky optical instruments

in lightweight goggles through the advancement of image intensification technology.

Page 4: Night Vision Tech Ppt Pramod

Types of night visionCategorized by generationsEach substantial change NVT

establishes a new generationCategorized into: Generation-0 Generation-1 Generation-2 Generation-3 Generation-4

Page 5: Night Vision Tech Ppt Pramod

Generation-0 Created by US Army Uses active infrared A projection unit called IR illuminator

is attached Full moon operation Use anode in conjunction with cathode

to accelerate the electrons Problems –acceleration causes distortion of image as well as reduction of life of the tube Also, it was quickly duplicated by the

hostile nations

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Figure illustrates Generation 1 Night vision technology.

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Generation-1 (1960’s)

Uses passive infrared Uses ambient light provided by the moon

and the stars Don’t require a source of projected infrared

light Don’t work well on cloudy or moonless

nights One quarter moon operation Uses same image-intensifier tube

technology as Generation-0 Same problems as faced by the Generation-

0

Page 8: Night Vision Tech Ppt Pramod

Figure illustrates Generation 2 Night vision technology.

Page 9: Night Vision Tech Ppt Pramod

Generation-2 (1970’s)

Offer improved resolution and performance over Generation-1 devices

Considerably more reliableAble to see in extreme low light

conditions due to the addition of microchannel plate(MCP) to the image-intensifier tube

The images are less distorted and brighter

Page 10: Night Vision Tech Ppt Pramod

Generation-3 (1990’s)

Currently used by the US ArmyBetter resolution and sensitivityPhotocathode is made up of Gallium

ArsenideMCP is coated with an ion barrierTube life is increased

Page 11: Night Vision Tech Ppt Pramod

Generation-4 (2000’s)

Known as “filmless and gated” technology

Shows significant improvement in both high- and low-level light environments

No ion barrier in MCPResponds quickly to different lightning

conditionsReduced background noiseEnhances signal to noise ratio Images are less distorted and brighter

Page 12: Night Vision Tech Ppt Pramod

Thermal imaging

This technology operates by capturing upper portion of the infrared light spectrum, which is emitted as heat

Hotter objects emit more of this light than the cooler objects

These elements then create a thermogram

Thermogram electric pulses display data

Page 13: Night Vision Tech Ppt Pramod

The basic components of a Thermal-imaging system

Page 14: Night Vision Tech Ppt Pramod

Thermal imaging

Thermal imaging lets you see again.

It is quite easy to see everythingduring the day...

...but at night, you can seevery little.

Page 15: Night Vision Tech Ppt Pramod

Image Enhancement

Page 16: Night Vision Tech Ppt Pramod

Image Enhancement It is also known as Image intensification Relies on image intensifier tube to collect

an amplify infrared and visible light Lens captures the light which is then sent

to image intensifier tube It has photocathode that converts photons

into electrons When electrons pass through MCP ,more

electrons are presented This causes chain reaction where atoms

are released Electrons reach phosphor screen and

photons are released Those phosphor create green image

Page 17: Night Vision Tech Ppt Pramod

Sensitivity (photo response)- tube’s ability to detect the available light

Signal- plays a key role in night vision’s performance

Resolution- ability to dissolve detail in the image

Performance Attributes

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Technical Characteristics

Textures, Light and Dark Fog and Rain Spots

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Equipments

Three categories Scopes Goggles Cameras

Page 20: Night Vision Tech Ppt Pramod

Scopes- monocular, handheld, better look at a specific object and then return to normal viewing conditions.

Goggles- binocular, handheld or worn, excellent for constant viewing

Cameras- send the image to a monitor for display or to a VCR for recording.

Equipments

Page 21: Night Vision Tech Ppt Pramod

DARK INVADER Multi-purpose Pocketscope

DARK INVADER Night-vision Goggles 4501

Page 22: Night Vision Tech Ppt Pramod

Stealth 301 Series Day/Night Video Camera

Camcorders are a fast-growing segment of the night-vision industry.

Page 23: Night Vision Tech Ppt Pramod

Soldiers using

DARK INVADER night-vision Goggles.

Page 24: Night Vision Tech Ppt Pramod

MilitaryLaw enforcementHuntingWild life observationSurveillanceSecurityNavigationHidden-object detectionEntertainment

Applications

Page 25: Night Vision Tech Ppt Pramod

ConclusionsAlthough the term ``night vision''

currently encompasses three distinct technologies, it is the evolution of image intensification technology that first made devices practical and widely used.

Their success was the result of advancements in light amplification and resolution techniques.

Page 26: Night Vision Tech Ppt Pramod

References

http://electronics.howstuffworks.com/nightvision3.html http://www.nightvision.com/military/militaryhome.html http://www.atncorp.com/HowNightVisionWorks http://www.alanaecology.com/acatalog/Introduction_to_

Nightvision.html

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