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Nickle & Nickle alloy Stockist & Suppliers / INCONEL ALLOY

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Inconel Alloys or are highly engineered to offer a superior combination of high temperature corrosion resistance, toughness , heat resistance and strength and for the most demanding applications.Inconel is a family of austenite nickel-chromium-based superalloys. The name is a trademark of Special Metals Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Precision Castparts Corp. Inconel alloys are oxidation and corrosion resistant materials well suited for service in extreme environments subjected to pressure and heat. When heated, Inconel forms a thick, stable, passivating oxide layer protecting the surface from further attack. Inconel retains strength over a wide temperature range, attractive for high temperature applications where aluminum and steel would succumb to creep as a result of thermally induced crystal vacancies. Inconel’s high temperature strength is developed by solid solution strengthening or precipitation strengthening, depending on the alloy.• INCONEL® alloy 625• INCONEL® alloy 601• INCONEL® alloy 601GC®• INCONEL® alloy 603XL• INCONEL® alloy 617• INCONEL® alloy 600• INCONEL® alloy 625LCF®• INCONEL® alloy 686• INCONEL® alloy 690• INCONEL® alloy 693•INCONEL® alloy 706•INCONEL® alloy 718In what forms ?Sheet / plates / coilPipes / tubesBar / wiresFlat / channelFittingsFlangesfastners

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Page 1: Nickle & Nickle alloy Stockist & Suppliers / INCONEL ALLOY

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Office Address :F-113,Mahavir Chambers,Opp.Relief Cinema,Nr.Reliefroad,Salapose Road,Ahmedabad -380 001 –

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NICKLE & NICKLE ALLOY Manufacturers, Stockiest & Suppliers

BARS | RODS | WIRES | SHEETS | PLATES | COIL | FLANGES | FITTINGS

Page 2: Nickle & Nickle alloy Stockist & Suppliers / INCONEL ALLOY

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Office Address :F-113,Mahavir Chambers,Opp.Relief Cinema,Nr.Reliefroad,Salapose Road,Ahmedabad -380 001 –

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Nickel and Nickel Alloys

These groups of alloys are used for their outstanding corrosion and high temperature resistance. Many are metallurgic ally related to the austenitic stainless steels but are much more highly alloyed, particularly with nickel, chromium and molybdenum in order to enhance their corrosion resistance. These alloys are used resist extremely corrosive conditions in the energy, power, chemical and petrochemical industries.

The term “super alloy” is applied to alloys which have outstanding high temperature strength and oxidation resistance. The nickel-based super alloys contain carefully balanced alloying additions of chromium, cobalt, aluminum, titanium and other elements. Often components are produced by carefully controlled solidification in order to get an optimum directionally solidified or even single crystal structure. These components can have strengths at 1000°C which exceed that of ordinary steels at room temperature. They are essential in the hottest parts of gas turbines both for power generation and aircraft.

These nickel chromium base alloys are used extensively in applications where heat resistance and/or corrosion resistance is required. In some members of the group, where conditions are less demanding, some nickel is replaced by iron to decrease the overall cost.

Metals fail at high temperatures by both oxidation (scaling) and through a loss in strength. Alloys in this class are designed to resist failure from both of these mechanisms. Nickel alloys are not suitable for high temperature sulphur rich environments.

Where corrosion resistance is significant, molybdenum is used as an alloying addition in nickel chromium based alloys.

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This group of alloys are frequently sold under trade name specifications but most are listed in the Unified Numbering System. Common trade names are

HASTELLOY, INCOLOY, INCONEL, NICROFER, NICROM and NIMONIC.

The more recent nickel chromium base alloys in these groups also have a wide range of ancillary elements added to give special properties - some of these can be quite complicated and require very close control over composition and heat treatment

Table 1. Compositions of some common nickel alloys.

UNS No Al Cr Co Fe Mo Ni Nb+Ta Ti W

N10276 15.5 5.5 16 57 3.8

N06600 15.5 8 76

N06625 21.5 9 61 3.6

N08800 21 46 32.5 N07718 0.5 19 18.5 3 52.5 5.1

N07090 1.5 19.5 16.5 60 2.5

Table 2. Typical properties of some common nickel alloys.

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UNS No Condition UTS (MPa) 0.2 Proof Stress (MPa)

Elong. On 5cm (%)

Hardness (HB) 1000hr Ruptire Str. 750°C (MPa)

N10276 Annealed 790 415 50 184 N/a

N06600 Annealed 550-690 210-430 55-35 120-170 38

N06625 Annealed 930 520 45 180 160

N08800 Annealed 520-690 210-410 60-30 120-184 70 (700°C)

N07718 Age Hardened 1350 1180 17 382 170

This list is far from exhaustive and enquiries to nickel alloy manufacturers’ should be made for specialized high temperature or corrosive situations.

All metals 'creep' under stress at high temperature and in their manufactured form, components may deform. This deformation could cause failure. Nickel alloys have higher strength and longer life at elevated temperature than most alloys. This makes them ideal for such parts as blades and disks in gas turbine engines. The designer however, must determine the expected life of each component and use the appropriate creep and rupture strength in the design.

Applications and Characteristics of Nickel Alloys

Nickel and nickel alloys are used for a wide variety of applications, the majority of which involve corrosion resistance and/or heat resistance. Some of these include:

Aircraft gas turbines

Steam turbine power plants

Medical applications

Nuclear power systems

Chemical and petrochemical industries

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A number of other applications for nickel alloys involve the unique physical properties of special-purpose nickel-base or high-nickel alloys. These include:

Low-expansion alloys

Electrical resistance alloys

Soft magnetic alloys

Shape memory alloys

Heat-Resistant Applications. Nickel-base alloys are used in many applications where they are subjected to harsh environments at high temperatures. Nickel-chromium alloys or alloys that contain more than about 15% Cr are used to provide both oxidation and carburization resistance at temperatures exceeding 760°C.

Corrosion Resistance. Nickel-base alloys offer excellent corrosion resistance to a wide range of corrosive media. However, as with all types of corrosion, many factors influence the rate of attack. The corrosive media itself is the most important factor governing corrosion of a particular metal.

Low-Expansion Alloys. Nickel was found to have a profound effect on the thermal expansion of iron. Alloys can be designed to have a very low thermal expansion or display uniform and predictable expansion over certain temperature ranges.

Iron-36% Ni alloy (Invar) has the lowest expansion of the Fe-Ni alloys and maintains nearly constant dimensions during normal variations in atmospheric temperature.

The addition of cobalt to the nickel-iron matrix produces alloys with a low coefficient of expansion, a constant modulus of elasticity, and high strength.

Electrical Resistance Alloys. Several alloy systems based on nickel or containing high nickel contents are used in instruments and control equipment to measure and regulate electrical characteristics (resistance alloys) or are used in furnaces and appliances to generate heat (heating alloys).

Types of resistance alloys containing nickel include:

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Cu-Ni alloys containing 2 to 45% Ni

Ni-Cr-Al alloys containing 35 to 95% Ni

Ni-Cr-Fe alloys containing 35 to 60% Ni

Ni-Cr-Si alloys containing 70 to 80% Ni

Types of resistance heating alloys con-training nickel include:

Ni-Cr alloys containing 65 to 80% Ni with 1.5% Si

Ni-Cr-Fe alloys containing 35 to 70% Ni with 1.5% Si + l% Nb

Soft Magnetic Alloys. Two broad classes of magnetically soft materials have been developed in the Fe-Ni system. The high-nickel alloys (about 79% Ni with 4 to 5% Mo; bal Fe) have high initial permeability and low saturation induction.

Shape Memory Alloys. Metallic materials that demonstrate the ability to return to their previously defined shape when subjected to the appropriate heating schedule are referred to as shape memory alloys. Nickel-titanium alloys (50Ni-50Ti) are one of the few commercially important shape memory alloys.

Commercial Nickel and Nickel Alloys

The commercial forms of nickel and nickel-base alloys are fully austenitic and are used/selected mainly for their resistance to high temperature and aqueous corrosion.

Commercially Pure and Low-Alloy Nickels. Nickel is supplied to the producers of nickel alloys in powder, pellets, or anode forms. This has led to a whole series ofalloy modifications, with controlled compositions having nickel contents ranging from about 94% to virtually 100%.

These materials are characterized by high density, offering magnetic and electronic property capabilities. They also offer excellent corrosion resistance to reducing environments, along with reasonable thermal transfer characteristics. Some nickels of commercial importance include: Nickel 200, Nickel 201, Nickel 205, Nickel 270 and 290, Permanickel Alloy 300, Duranickel Alloy 301.

Nickel-copper alloys have been found to possess excellent corrosion resistance in reducing chemical environments and in sea water, where they deliver excellent service in nuclear submarines and various surface vessels. By changing the various proportions of nickel and

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copper in the alloy, a whole series of alloys with different electrical resistivities and Curie points can be created. Some nickel-copper alloys of commercial importance include: Alloy 400 (66% Ni, 33% Cu), Alloy R-405, Alloy K-500.

The nickel-chromium and nickel-chromium-iron series of alloys led the way to higher strength and resistance to elevated temperatures. Today they also form the basis for both commercial and military power systems. Two ofthe earliest developed Ni-Cr and Ni-Cr-Fe alloys were:

Alloy 600 (76Ni-15Cr-8Fe).

Nimonic alloys (80Ni-20Cr + Ti/Al).

Some high-temperature variants include:

Alloy 601. Lower nickel (61%) content with aluminum and silicon additions for improved oxidation and nitriding resistance

Alloy X750. Aluminum and titanium additions for age hardening

Alloy 718. Titanium and niobium additions to overcome strainage cracking problems during welding and weld repair

Alloy X (48Ni-22Cr-18Fe-9Mo + W). High-temperature flat-rolled product for aerospace applications

Waspaloy (60Ni-19Cr-4Mo-3Ti-1.3Al). Proprietary alloy for jet engine applications

Some corrosion-resistant variants in the Ni-Cr-Fe system include:

Alloy 625. The addition of 9% Mo plus 3% Nab offers both high-temperature and wet corrosion resistance; resists pitting and crevice corrosion

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Alloy G3/G30. (Ni-22Cr-19Fe-7Mo-2Cu). The increased molybdenum content in these alloys offers improved pitting and crevice corrosion resistance

Alloy C-22. (Ni-22Cr-6Fe-14Mo-4W). Superior corrosion resistance in oxidizing acid chlorides, wet chlorine, and other severe corrosive environments

Alloy C-276. (17% Mo plus 3.7W). Good seawater corrosion resistance and excellent pitting and crevice corrosion resistance

Alloy 690. (27% Cr addition). Excellent oxidation and nitric acid resistance; specified for nuclear waste disposal by the vitreous encapsulation method

Iron-Nickel-Chromium Alloys. This series of alloys has also found extensive use in the high-temperature petrochemical environments, where sulfur-containing feedstocks (naphtha and heavy oils) are cracked into component distillate parts. Not only were they resistant to chloride-ion stress-corrosion cracking, but they also offered resistance to polythionic acid cracking. Some alloys of commercial importance include:

Alloy 800 (Fe-32Ni-21Cr). The basic alloy in the Fe-Ni-Cr system; resistant to oxidation and carburization at elevated temperatures

Alloy 800HT. Similar to 800H with further modification to combined titanium and aluminum levels (0.85 to 1.2%) to ensure optimum high-temperature properties

Alloy 801. Increased titanium content (0.75 to 1.5%); exceptional resistance to polythionic acid cracking

Alloy 802. High-carbon version (0.2 to 0.5%) for improved strength at high temperatures

Alloy 825 (Fe-42Ni-21.5Cr-2Cu). Stabilized with titanium addition (0.6 to 1.2%). Also contains molybdenum (3%) for pitting resistance in aqueous corrosion applications. Copper content bestows resistance to sulfuric acid

Alloy 925. Addition of titanium and aluminum to 825 composition for strengthening through age hardening

The 800. alloy series offers excellent strength at elevated temperature (creep and stress rupture).

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Some corrosion variants in the Fe-Ni-Cr system include:

20Cb3 (Fe-35Ni-20Cr-3.5Cu-2.5Mo + Nab). This alloy was developed for the handling of sulfuric acid environments

20Mo-4 and 20Mo-6 (Fe-36Ni-23Cr-5Mo + Cu). Increased corrosion resistance in pulp and paper industry environments.

Controlled-expansion alloys include alloys in both the Fe-Ni-Cr and Fe-Ni-Co series. Some alloys of commercial importance include:

Alloy 902 (Fe-42Ni-5Cr with 2.2 to 2.75% Ti and 0.3 to 0.8% Al). This is an alloy with a controllable thermoplastic coefficient

Alloys 903, 907, 909 (42Fe-38Ni-13Co with varying aging elements such as niobium, titanium, and aluminum). These alloys offer high strength and low coefficient of thermal expansion

The 900 alloy series offers very unusual characteristics and properties. Alloys 903, 907, and 909 were all designed to provide high strength and low coefficient of thermal expansion for applications up to 650 °C.

Nickel-lron Low-Expansion Alloys. This series of alloys plays a very important role in both the lamp industry and electronics, where glass-to-metal seals in encapsulated components are important. The nickel alloys are chosen for a variety of reasons.

Some alloys of commercial importance include:

Invar (Fe-36Ni). This alloy has the lowest thermal expansion of any metal from ambient to 230°C (450°F)

Alloy 42 (Fe-42Ni). This alloy has the closest thermal expansion match to alumina, beryllia, and vitreous glass

Alloy 426. Additions of 6% Cr are added to this alloy for vacuum-tight sealing applications

Alloy 52 (Fe-51.5Ni). This alloy has a thermal expansion that closely matches vitreous potash-soda-lead glass.

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Soft Magnetic Alloys. The nickel-iron alloys also offer an interesting set of magnetic permeability properties, which have played an important part in switchgear and for direct current (dc) motor and generator designs.

Welding Alloys. Welding products for nickel alloys have similar compositions to the base metals, although additions of aluminum, titanium, magnesium, and other elements are made to the filler metals and welding electrodes to ensure proper deoxidation of the molten weld pool and to over-come any hot-short cracking and malleability problems.

Nickel Alloy alternatives to trademark “brand” names.

Alloy C276 alternative to Hastelloy C-276 and Hastelloy C

Alloy B-2 alternative to Hastelloy B-2

Alloy C-22 alternative to Hastelloy C-22

Alloy X alternative to Hastelloy X and Inconel HX

Alloy 20 alternative to Carpenter 20 and Incoloy 20

Alloy718 alternative to Inconel 718

Alloy 800 alternative to Incoloy 800

Alloy 800H/HT alternative to Incoloy 800H/HT

Alloy 400 alternative to Monel 400

Alloy K-500 alternative to Monel K-500

Alloy 625 alternative to Inconel 625

Alloy 600 alternative to Inconel 600

Alloy 601 alternative to Inconel 601

Popular Nickel and Nickel Alloys available at Mega Mex

Popular Nickel and Nickel Alloys available at OZAIRTRADELINK

Alloy UNS Specification Available Forms

Nickel 200/201 N02200/N02201 Sheet, Plate, Bar, Pipe & Tube

(welded & seamless), Wire, Fittings

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C-276 N10276 Sheet, Plate, Bar, Pipe & Tube

(welded & seamless), Wire, Fittings

B-2 N10665 Round Bar

B-3 N10675 Sheet, Plate, Bar, Pipe & Tube

(welded & seamless), Wire, Fittings

C-22 N06022 Sheet, Plate, Bar, Pipe & Tube

(welded & seamless), Wire, Fittings

X N06002 Sheet, Plate, Bar

20 N08020 Sheet, Plate, Bar, Pipe & Tube

(welded & seamless), Fittings, Wire

718 N07718 Sheet, Plate, Bar, and Wire

800H/HT N08800/N08810/N08811 Sheet, Plate, Bar, Pipe & Tube

(welded & seamless), Fittings, Wire

400 N04400 Sheet, Plate, Bar, Pipe & Tube

(welded & seamless), Fittings, Wire

K-500 N05500 Round Bar

R-405 N04405 Round Bar and Hex Bar

600 N06600 Sheet, Plate, Bar, Pipe & Tube

(welded & seamless), Fittings, Wire

601 N06601 Sheet, Plate, Bar, Pipe & Tube

(welded & seamless), Fittings, Wire

625 N06625 Sheet, Plate, Bar, Pipe & Tube

(welded & seamless), Wire

825 N08825 Sheet, Plate, Bar, Pipe & Tube

(welded & seamless), Fittings, Wire

Page 12: Nickle & Nickle alloy Stockist & Suppliers / INCONEL ALLOY

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