Report on Malaysian Case StudiesKuala Lumpur City Centre

byNorhaslina Hassan, PhD

Noor Rosly Hanif, PhD

Outline

� IntroductionIntroduction

� The KLCC Project Description in Brief

� Identifying Innovations in KLCC

� Background of KLCC Development

� Analyzing KLCC as an City Innovation

� Future Works

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� Development concept is a city within a city.

� Provides > 1.67 million sq. meters space for commercial, retail, hotel,

THE INNOVATION

What is this innovation all about?

� Provides > 1.67 million sq. meters space for commercial, retail, hotel,convention, residential and entertainment facilities

� All envisaged to be built and maintained at a world class standard

� A self-contained integrated development where people can “work, live,play and pray” all in one place

� Remains as one of the more premier integrated development in the region.� Remains as one of the more premier integrated development in the region.

� Has able to command premium values

� Has generated spill over benefits to the nearby residential and commercialproperties.

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THE INNOVATION

Why is it an innovation?

Robinson (1995), KLCC is one of the largest real-estate developments to be showcased at least for two reasons. showcased at least for two reasons.

� Landscaped park occupying half of its total development which was meant purely for rest and leisure.

� The 20 odd “intelligent” buildings surrounding the park, which use high technology automatic controls and communications systems designed for maximum energy efficiency while keeping residents and visitors safe and maximum energy efficiency while keeping residents and visitors safe and comfortable.

� Further, all buildings in the complex are cooled by chilled water from a central plant powered by natural gas supplied from local sources.

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THE INNOVATION

Why is it an innovation?

� Many innovative applications in KLCC. The RM1.8 billion,

454 meter high, iconic Petronas Twin Towers is more noteworthy.

� Its construction represents Malaysia’s aspiration to marry high technology with the cultural and Islamic values.

� Pelli’s design which was based on the Islamic geometric patterns incorporating contemporary Malaysian motifs adapted from traditional handicrafts such as songket and timber carvings. songket and timber carvings.

� The two buildings are joined in the middle by a sky bridge, meant to serve a functional purpose of human movement between the two towers and serve to symbolize as a sky portal and the gateway to Vision 2020

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THE INNOVATION

Why is it an innovation?� Equipped with the state-of-the-art communication facilities like other

buildings, the Twin Towers are located in the northern boundary of the buildings, the Twin Towers are located in the northern boundary of the Multimedia Super Corridor (MSC)

� The MSC itself is a planned “silicon valley of Malaysia”, which serves as a launching pad to spearhead the country into the frontline of the information age.

� The MSC starts at the Twin Towers, extending south to include the modern IT � The MSC starts at the Twin Towers, extending south to include the modern IT city, Cyberjaya and connected with the new Federal Government administrative centre of Putrajaya

� The Twin Towers are landmark development identified in the ex-Prime Minister, Tun Dr. Mahathir Mohamad’s Vision 2020 for Malaysia

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THE INNOVATION

Why is it an innovation?

� The Petronas Twin Towers, much like the MSC itself, has been studied by many

� KLCC tagged as “world class” urban development did not share the same limelight as the MSC which it is part of nor the Twin Towers which are part of it.

� There is a tendency among scholars to doseparate analyses of the precinct’s stand-alone components when their success or otherwise is more often than not, contextual to the KLCC development as a whole.

� Carley, Kirk and McIntosh (2001), critical success factors for such mixed used regeneration schemes include tying the scheme into an integrated regeneration strategy; involving all local stakeholders in the development process; promoting design excellence; marketing a strong brand; adequate transport provision and car parking; and planning for sustainable future.

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THE INNOVATION

Why is it an innovation?

The innovativeness of the Metropolitan Park:

� Its sheer size relative to the total KLCC development (50 %). The park satisfied both the public concern about the shrinking green lung in the city center while concurrently capitalizes on the strategic location of the site for businesses and enhance the surrounding land values.

� The design integrates man’s creations with nature and it ensured that the public would benefit from this project through provision of ample spaces for public would benefit from this project through provision of ample spaces for recreation in the midst of the bustling KL city.

� The maintenance of the park which is privately funded unlike other public open spaces in the city.

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BACKGROUND OF THE INNOVATIONWhere did the idea originate?

The concept of urban regeneration/redevelopment

“is a comprehensive and integrated visions and action which leads to the resolution “is a comprehensive and integrated visions and action which leads to the resolution of urban problems and which seeks to bring about a lasting improvement in the economic, physical, social and environmental condition of an area” (Batey, 2000).

UNEP (2004) further popularize the idea of city marketing and promotion as key components of urban regeneration (UNEP 2004). This requires capitalizing on the benefits of urban regeneration to attract economic activities for development of the city and a need a search for new roles for a city by promoting business, cultural and other modern sector activities, including tourism.

This is precisely what inspires the making of KLCC after which the ordered relocation made available a 40 hectares piece of prime land, worth hundreds of millions of ringgit, in the heart of KL for redevelopment with multiple objectives.

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BACKGROUND OF THE INNOVATIONHow did it start?

� The events at the Selangor Turf Club race course were the culprit of the infamous traffic jam along Jalan Ampang, along with an increasing number of high-rise commercial buildings in the area. buildings in the area.

� There was increasing pressure for the local authority to solve the traffic congestion and to redevelop the area into a green area and public park.

� In 1982, following the relocation of the Turf Club, the Federal Government disclosed a plan to redevelop the whole site into a public park in line with the recommendation made in the Kuala Lumpur Structure Plan 1984 (DBKL, 1984).

� The plan was later changed to include commercial development with the park as part of the larger area. The reason being that it would be too costly to develop a 40 hectares park, the larger area. The reason being that it would be too costly to develop a 40 hectares park, and later on maintain the park.

� Innovative planning and design of the big-scale redevelopment was the aspiration of the government then, one which would help achieve multiple objectives including projecting Kuala Lumpur as a global player

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BACKGROUND OF THE INNOVATIONWho created it? (1) � Seen as a brain child of Malaysia's retired Prime Minister, Tun Dr. Mahathir Mohammed.

� Transforming the “underutilized” but strategically located site in central Kuala Lumpur � Transforming the “underutilized” but strategically located site in central Kuala Lumpur into a world class city is a way of materializing Vision 2020, a concept Tun coined earlier for the country to move forward.

� Following the consent given by the Federal Government, an international competition was held in 1990 to select the most innovative Development Master Plan (Site Plan)

� The conceptual redevelopment project was to convert the 100-acre racecourse located in Kuala Lumpur's so-called “Golden Triangle” into an integrated, self-contained modern Kuala Lumpur's so-called “Golden Triangle” into an integrated, self-contained modern city as well as creating a new landscape for the capital city of Malaysia.

� Additionally, the development would be the site of a world famous landmark to announce the arrival of a relatively unknown but nevertheless, potential city in the global race.

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BACKGROUND OF THE INNOVATIONWho created it? (2)

� A committee consisting of representatives from City Hall of Kuala Lumpur directors of KLCCH (the owner and developer of the project) and Federal Government representative was set-up to study the proposalsGovernment representative was set-up to study the proposals

� High level of government involvement at both the conceptual and design stages was crucial because the project was of national importance.

� The Development Master Plan designed by a USA based consultancy – Ms Klages, Carter, Vail and Partners (KCV) was chosen as the winner.

� The plan involved turning the site into an integrated mixed-use development; a place, according to the promotional literature, “where people can work, live, visit, shop and enjoy leisure and cultural activities”.

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THE KLCC MASTER PLAN

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BACKGROUND OF THE INNOVATIONWho and how was it implemented?

� KLCC Holdings Berhad, incorporated in 1989 was to implement the KLCC project.

� The largest shareholder was PETRONAS, the national petroleum company, MAI Holdings Sdn Bhd, Selangor Turf Club and some others.

� The Kuala Lumpur City Center Berhad (KLCCB) a wholly-owned subsidiary of KLCCH as the owner and developer of this project is currently still coordinating new projects in the precinct undertaken solely or in joint ventures with others.

� Given the scale of the project and in line with strategic planning against the backdrop of the country’s economic conditions at any point in time, the 100-acre KLCC development is being undertaken in phases. phases.

� Anchoring phase 1 of the development is the north-west development, which serves as the gateway to the precinct. These include developments of the Petronas Twin Towers, the Suria KLCC shopping complex, a 20-hectare public park and a 6,000 capacity mosque.

� The planning authority, Kuala Lumpur City Hall, received the application for planning approval to develop the site in June, 1992 soon after which construction began

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ANALYZING THE CITY INNOVATIONThe ProductThe KLCC as a product is an impressive precinct with developments which have been

completed and occupied until currently as follows described to highlight their prominent features, services, facilities and amenities.features, services, facilities and amenities.

� 88 storey Petronas Twin Towers

� Suria KLCC

� Dewan Filharmonik Petronas

� Kuala Lumpur Convention Centre

� Aquaria

� 49 storey Menara Maxis

� 30 storey Menara Esso

� 32 storey Mandarin Oriental Kuala Lumpur Hotel

� Traders Hotel

� Menara Exxon Mobile

� 20 hectare (50 acre) Metropolitan Public Park

� The Binjai on the Park (residential)

� Masjid As-Syakirin,

� 2 District Cooling Centres, which use natural gas to chill water for air-conditioning

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KLCC Featuring the Skybridge

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Suria KLCC

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Kuala Lumpur City Centre

KL Convention Centre As Syakirin MosqueKL Convention Centre As Syakirin Mosque

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The Metropolitan Public Park

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ANALYZING THE CITY INNOVATIONThe Process� “Globe spanning” involving international, local experts in the conceptual plan as well as the design of

individual developments of the precinct.

1. The master was inspired by Klages and partners which is a U.S. based architectural firm consisting of engineers, architects and urban planners adjusted to accommodate the developer’s marketing goal and the engineers, architects and urban planners adjusted to accommodate the developer’s marketing goal and the local authority’s requirements.

2. Architectural design for the Petronas twin towers and the shopping complex was by Argentine Caesar Pelli and Associates

3. The public park was designed by a Brazilian landscape artist, the late Roberto Burle Marx.

� To minimize the risk, actual construction of the different land uses market with its own cycles was implemented by project phasing. The Twin Towers, the Suria KLCC, the Metropolitan public park, the mosque consist the project’s first phase and serves as the gateway to the development. The arrival of Lot C and Lot D1 would provide an additional 1.4 million square feet of gross floor area, made up of a mix of retail and office space and service apartment scheduled to be delivered in 2010 onwards. and office space and service apartment scheduled to be delivered in 2010 onwards.

� This is the first case in Malaysia where the private developer (KLCCB) and landowner was given the full responsibilities by the government to plan and develop an area in the city center of Kuala Lumpur whose development planning is of significant importance. The full support extended by the Town Planning Committee right from the beginning of the development process made it a joint partnership in redevelopment project

� The planning application was processed through the normal procedure, conducted in a constructive manner -adapting and problem- solving style which sought to maximize the parties’ interests.

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Work Scheduled for the Next PhaseItems Progress

Development of conceptual and

methodological framework

Completed. All literary and related articles written about

KLCC have been collected. KLCC have been collected.

Documentary and interview survey • Interview survey has been conducted with 2 city

officials from the Kuala Lumpur City Hall (KLCH):

- The officer from the Master Plan Department

to solicit information on urban development

plan and policy for Kuala Lumpur and how

KLCC help achieved the stated urban policy.

- The officer in from Urban Planning

Department to solicit information regarding

the planning process, issues related to the

development of KLCC and how those issues

were solved/negotiated.

• Examination of Town Planning Committee minutes of

meeting throughout the KLCC development process

(starting 1992-currently).

Analysis of city innovation project Improvement of the analysis of city innovations based on

feedbacks received during the mid-term workshop

Further analysis and writing up analysis of the systems of

city innovation and city innovators

Submission and Revision of first draft August 2010 (starting 1992-currently).

• A survey of 120 respondents has been conducted in

Feb/Mac using structured questionnaires to solicit

first hand information regarding various aspects of

KLCC including perceptions on imageability,

attractions and attractiveness, accessibility,

satisfactions with facilities and amenities, and related

issues. Data of the survey has been keyed into the

SPSS software and are now in the process of

tabulation to

Submission of progress report February 2010

Submission and Revision of first draft August 2010

Submission of the final draft November 2010

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