Next Generation Wireless for IoT and - Keysight · PDF fileNext Generation Wireless for IoT and Challenge June 2015 ... -DC distribution -Ecosystem ... • 1 control and 6 service

© Keysight Technologies 2015

Next Generation Wireless for IoT and Challenge June 2015

Philip Chang

AEO Taiwan

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Agenda

– IoT Market and Applications Overview

– IoT Wireless Technologies and Test Challenges

– Keysight IoT Wireless Test Solutions

Keysight

Technologies 2

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© Keysight Technologies 2015 © Keysight Technologies 2015

Connect Everything Everywhere All the Time

3

Internet of Things (IoT) or Internet of Everything (IoE)

URBAN

MANAGEMENT

Future

Today

HEALTH

CARE

HOME

TRANSPORTATION

RETAIL

MANUFACTURING

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4

Primary IoT/M2M Markets

Key requirements: Power efficient, Scalable, Range Extended

Smart Grid

Smart Public

-Smart Meter

-Smart

appliances

-DC distribution

-Ecosystem monitoring

-Smart objects with sensors

Wearable

Healthcare

Devices

-Smart watch

-Wearable

glasses

-Smart bands

-E-textiles

-Hearing-aid

-Health monitor

Smart

Home

-Controller

-Appliances

-Sensor & Security

-Climate control

- Lighting

-HVAC

-Audio/Video &

Cables

Building and

Industry

Automation

-Sensor network

-Smart machine

-Surveillance

camera

-Asset tracking

-Wi-Fi backhaul

Connected

Car

• V2V / V2X /V2I

communications

• eCall

• Infotainment

• GNSS

• Autonomous

vehicles

• RKE / TPMS

Wireless Connectivity

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IoT Market Trends

– Cisco : 25B devices will be connected by 2015, and 50B by 2020

– IDC : Global IoT revenues will reach $7.1T (trillion) by 2020

– ABI : +16 B active wireless connected devices in 2014, (20% YoY growth), more than double from the current level, with 40.9 B forecasted for 2020

– Canalys : 8M (2014), 23M (2015), and 45M by 2017 of wearable device shipments

– IHS Automotive : 152M cars connected to the Internet worldwide in 2020 from 23M in 2013

– Navigant Research : 1.1B worldwide installed base of smart meters in 2020 from 313M in 2013

– Morgan Stanley : $1.3T annual savings from Self-driving car in the US, $5.6T worldwide:

– By 2020, +100M Internet connected wireless light bulbs and lamps worldwide up from 2.4M in 2013

Statistics of Market Forecast

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Wi-Fi’s Opportunities for IoT

Internet of

things

Tablet PCs

Smartphones

Personal

computers

6

• Wi-Fi will Keep fast growing

• IoT is the most growing area

• And IoT will contribute more than 50% of the shipment in 2018

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IoT Architecture Example—Value Chain

Logical View

7

• High-speed, real-time

data capture

• Supports high throughput

event rates

• Event processing query

language based on

standard SQL syntax

• Pre-integration with best-

in-class Java Embedded

platforms

Data Encryption, Device and Application Identity and Access Management

Network

Cloud

Edge Devices Gateway Devices Data Center

Value-Add

Services

Industry

Specific core

solutions and

external/custo

mer systems

Applications

CRM,

Service,

Billing

Industry Solutions,

External Systems

• Big data management

• Event processing

• Analytics

• Integration

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Agenda



• Bluetooth Low Energy

• Zigbee/Thread

• WLAN 802.11ah, 11p

• WiSUN (MR-FSK)

• LTE-MTC

• LoRa


Keysight

Technologies 8

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IoT Key Enabling Wireless Technologies Heterogeneous Mix of Technologies

Wireless Wide Area Network (WWAN)

Wireless Neighborhood Area Network

(WNAN)

Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN)

Wireless Personal Area Network

(WPAN)

• Bluetooth LE • ZigBee • Thread • 6LoWPAN • Z-Wave • NFC (EMV) • RFID • ANT+

• Enocean • More…

• 802.11a/b/g/n/ac

• 802.11ah & 802.11p

• Wi-SUN

• ZigBee-NAN

• Cellular

• 2G/3G/4G

• LTE-MTC

• WiMAX

• SIGFOX

• LoRa

Short range Short/Medium range

Medium range Long range

Note: Not a complete list of radio formats (> 60 radio formats are used for IoT/M2M)

Red text – emerging

IoT technologies

Black text – existing

technologies

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Bluetooth ® Standard Evolution

1999 2003 2004 2007 2009

•Many problems

•Difficult making

products

interoperable

•Faster

Connection/Discovery

•Use AFH

•Up to 721kbps

•Introduction of EDR

•EDR Up to 2.1Mbps

•SSP, EIR

•power consumption

optimization

•Alternate MAC/PHY •Unicast connectionless data

•Enhanced power control

•HS Up to 24Mbps

•Adoption of

Bluetooth LE •LE up to 260kbps

•Including classic, LE and HS

V1.0

V1.2

V2.0 + EDR

V2.1 + EDR

V3.0 + HS

V4.0

Future

•Coexist with 4G

•Smart connectivity

•Data transfer

improvement

V4.1

Two New Trademarks

for Certified BT Devices

For dual-

mode: LE +

Legacy BT

For Single-

mode: LE only

2014 2010 2013

V4.2

•For IoT (Support

IPv6/6LoWPAN)

•Highly privacy

•Data throughput

increase

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AFH: Adaptive Frequency Hopping

EDR: Enhanced Data Rate

SSP: Secure Simple Pairing

EIR: Extended Inquiry Response

LE: Low Energy

IPSP: Internet Protocol Support Profile

Formally announced on

5 December 2014

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BLE Packet – One fixed Structure

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A special test packet has been defined for the RF test

Bluetooth 4.1 Test Packet

• RF test cases use the Reference Packet

payload with 37 octets (296 bits)

• RF test cases are performed with:

• frequency hopping off, Whitening

off, maximum power and direct

test mode

BT LE Test packet format in Core 4.1

BT LE Test packet format in Core 4.2

Bluetooth 4.2 Test Packet

• Maximum payload length extended

from 37 octets to 255 octets in 4.2

• BT LE Data Packet Length Extension

is new feature in 4.2 and impact PDU

payload length in PHY layer

• Increase data throughput up to 2.5

time faster vs. previous versions

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IEEE 802.15.4 & ZigBee Alliance

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12

Conforms to IEEE 802.15.4 defining physical & MAC layer

PHY Layer

Application & Profiles

Application Framework

Network & Security

Medium Access Control MAC IEEE

802.15.4

Zigbee

Alliance

Defined

User Defined

Some

vendor

specific

– Zigbee can be used in the 868MHz,

915MHz and 2.4GHz ISM bands.

– Low Power consumption

– Low Cost

– High density of nodes per network

– Simple protocol, global implementation

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– 2014 Nov. ZigBee announce ZigBee 3.0 will release at begin of 2015!

– Combine ZigBee Pro Network layer 6 App profiles(ZLL,ZHA,ZBA,

ZRS,ZHC,ZSE) as one!

– PHY layer support 2.4GHz ISM band only

ZigBee 3.0?

13

Follow IEEE 802.15.4 Std.

ZigBee, MiWi, Thread, ISA

100.11a, WirelessHART Allow select:

Depend on

Network Layer

Chipset support 802.15.4 Structure

Thread announce release at

begin of 2015

Thread designed for IOT in

Home.

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– Thread technology was designed for IoT in the home.

– 2014 Dec Thread Group grow to more than 50 members since

membership opened up on Oct 1st.

– Thread is backed by industry-leading companies including Nest Labs

(Google Purchased), ARM, Big Ass Fans, Freescale, Samsung, Silicon

Labs and Yale Security

– Based on the power efficient IEEE 802.15.4

MAC/PHY

Thread

http://portal.threadgroup.org/MyWorkGroups/Dashboard.aspx

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– POWERFUL TECHNOLOGY DESIGNED FOR THE HOME: design

special for Home. Open standard & IPv6 6LoWPAN technology.

Based on a robust mesh network with no single point of failure.

– SIMPLE, SECURE, SCALABLE: scale 250+ device in single

network.

– BATTERY FRIENDLY DESIGN: allow years of operation even on a

single AA battery.

Thread Features


RefVideo/P09 Real-Time Analyzer.mp4

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– Thread Group and the ZigBee Alliance plan to make their

technologies work together in connected home products at Apr 3,

2015.

– Both organizations announced they are collaborating to make a

ZigBee application layer run over Thread networks. Specifically, ZCL

(ZigBee Cluster Library).

– ZigBee products, will be able to work with Thread’s mesh networking

protocol. ZCL defines how connected devices such as lightbulbs and

thermostats.

Thread & ZigBee Cooperation


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802.11ah Overview – IEEE Task Group 802.11ah is chartered to define an OFDM PHY operating

in the license-exempt bands below 1 GHz, Target markets wireless

connectivity for the Internet of things

• License-exempt bands below 1 GHz

• Narrower bandwidth: 1/2/4/8/16MHz

• PHY layer & modulation scheme: based on

802.11ac

• Transmission range up to 1 km

• Data rates > 100 kbit/s

• Low power consumption required for battery

operated devices

– Standards status:

• The IEEE 802.11 WG is currently developing draft 4.0

• Targeted IEEE spec finalization: Mid of 2016

• Tri-band devices (2.4 GHz / 5 GHz / 900MHz) will operate with billions of Wi-Fi

CERTIFIED devices

11a/g/n/ac AP

11ah AP Indoor

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802.11ah Bandwidth and Data Rates

16 MHz

8 MHz

4 MHz

2 MHz

1 MHz

20 MHz

Minimum 11n/ac bandwidth

11ah Bandwidth Modes

150Kbps* – 4Mbps

650Kbps – 7.8Mbps

1.35Mbps – 18Mbps

2.9Mbps – 39Mbps

5.8Mbps – 78Mbps

Mandatory & Globally Interoperable modes optimized for sensor networking

Optional higher data rate modes for extended range WLAN

6.5Mbps – 78Mbps

High data rates

Extended range

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PHY Difference Between 802.11ac and 802.11ah

Feature 802.11ac 802.11ah

Channel bandwidth 20/40/80/160MHz 1/2/4/8/16MHz

FFT size 64/128/256/512 32/64/128/256/512

Data subcarriers / 52/108/234/468 24/52/108/234/468

Pilot Sub-carriers 4/6/8/16 2/4/6/8/16

Pilot Type Fixed pilot Fixed pilot or Traveling pilot*

Subcarrier spacing 312.5KHz 31.25KHz

OFDM symbol duration 4.0/3.6us 40/36us

Guard interval 0.4/0.8/1.6us 4/8/16us

Preamble duration 16us 320us(1M BW)/160us

Modulation types BPSK/QPSK/16QAM/64QAM/256QAM BPSK/QPSK/16QAM/64QAM/256QAM

Coding rates 1/2, 2/3, 3/4, 5/6 1/2 rep2, 1/2, 2/3, 3/4, 5/6

MCS 0-9 MCS0-9, 10

Transmission Mode VHT mode, non-HT duplicate Mode Normal Mode S1G, 1 MHz Duplicate Mode,

2 MHz Duplicate Mode

Duplicated PPDU Non-HT PPDU S1G_DUP_1M, S1G_DUP_2M

MIMO Up to 8 Up to 4

Multi-user Up to 4 Up to 4, only available in S1G_LONG PPDU

Beamforming Support Support

Source: Draft Amendment Proposed by 802.11 TGah Working Group

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802.11ah Use Case – Extended range

• Reach garage, backyard, basement, attic

• 1 MHz and 2 MHz mandatory modes

– Ultra-low power consumption

• Optimized for small packet size

• Long sleep time

• Burst traffic

– Native IP support

– Large numbers of devices per AP (8,191)

Indoor Low Power Sensors

Backhaul Sensors & Meter Data

802

.11

ac

802

.11

ac

802.11ah

Extended Range Wi-Fi

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WLAN 802.11p (Release)

– A Wi-Fi (IEEE 802.11p: Amendment 6, Wireless Access in Vehicular

Environment (WAVE) based technology to support Vehicle-to-Vehicle

(V2V) and Vehicle-to-Infrastructure (V2X) communication

• Vehicle broadcasts its position and speed and receives broadcasts of neighboring

road users

• Frequency range: 5.85-5.925 GHz

• Developed based on 802.11a but targets for reliable connection and low latency,

– Main uses:

• Vehicle safety services

• Commerce transactions

via cars

• Toll collection

• Traffic management

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Data refer from IEEE

Data refer from ARIB


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Connected Car (Car-to-X)

802.11p vs. 802.11a

• Frequency: 5.9 GHz (5.850-5.925 GHz)

• 1 control and 6 service channels with 10 MHz spacing

• 802.11p vs. 802.11a : Targets the reliable connection rather than higher data rates

Physical parameters comparison between 802.11a and 802.11p standards

Parameters 802.11a (20 MHz) 802.11p

Channel bandwidth 20 MHz 5, 10 , 20 MHz

Bit Rate (Mbps) 6, 9, 12, 18, 24, 36, 48, 54 1.5, 2.25, 3, 4.5, 6, 9, 12, 13.5 18, 24, 27, 36, 48, 54

Modulation Type BPSK, QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM BPSK, QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM

Code Rate 1/2, 2/3, 3/4 1/2, 2/3, 3/4

# of Subcarriers 52 52

Symbol duration 4 µs 16, 8, 4us

Guard Time 0.8 µs 3.2, 1.6, 0.8 µs

Preamble duration 16 µs 64, 32, 16 µs

Subcarrier Spacing 312.5 kHz 78.125, 156.25, 312.5 kHz

SEM Fixed Class A-D

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Smart Energy Systems Overview

Sub-

station

Transmission Distribution

Data

Concentrator

Generation

23

Smart

Meter

Neighborhood

Area Network

Field-Area Network

Wi-SUN

Wi-SUN (Wireless Smart Utility Network)

Home

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IEEE 802.15.4g Standards

• 3 physical layer (PHY) standards supported:

• MR-FSK*: 2FSK and 4FSK modulation used

• MR-OFDM: 4 options with different FFT size and bandwidths

• MR-O-QPSK*: DSSS and multiplexed DSSS used

• Frequency bands depend on regulatory requirements, may include

bands around 169, 450-510, 780, 863-870, 896-960, 1427-1518, and

2400-2483 MHz

• Wi-SUN Alliance PHY conformance tests and profiles being developed

for MR-FSK PHY.

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*MR: Multi-rate and multi-regional, O-QPSK: Offset QPSK

Data Rate (kpbs) Modulation Index (h) Channel Spacing (kHz) Region

50 1 200 Japan, US/BZ

100 1 400 Japan

200 1 600 Japan

100 0.5 200 US/BZ

150 0.5 400 US/BZ

200 0.5 400 US/BZ

300 0.5 600 Japan, US/BZ

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LTE MTC (Machine-Type Communications)

– Benefits from the reliability, efficiency, and longevity of 4G LTE.

Optimizing LTE Advanced for machine-type communications(MTC).

– Co-exists with mobile broadband services enabling continued M2M

business model innovations.

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Data refer from Qualcomm

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LTE MTC (Machine-Type Communications)

– Power saving:

• Enhanced Power Save Mode (PSM): More efficiently turn on/off modem;

optimized for scheduled applications

• Extended Discontinuous Reception (DRX): Longer sleep cycles optimized

for delay-tolerant

• Connectionless Random Access Channel (RACH)

• Less frequent Tracking Area Updates (TAUs) and measurements

– Reduces device cost:

• Narrowband (~1 MHz)

• Reduced Data Rate (<2 Mbps1)

• Single receive antenna

• Half Duplex Operation

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Features

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– LoRa : Long Range M2M communications used for applications like the

Internet of Things, IoT, using very low power levels. LoRa Alliance is an open,

non-profit association that was formally launched at MWC in 2015.

LoRa Alliance

– Members of the LoRa Alliance

include Actility, Cisco, Eolane,

IBM, Kerlink, IMST, MultiTech,

Sagemcom, Semtech, and

Microchip Technology.

– Key Features

• Low Cost: simple modulation

• Low power: Long battery life

in excess of ten years

• Long range: ~15 - 20 km

http://lora-alliance.org/


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LoRa

Frequency bands: sub-1GHz ISM bands – 868 MHz for Europe

– 915 MHz for North America

– 433 MHz band for Asia

Bandwidth

– 7.8 kHz; 10.4 kHz; 15.6 kHz; 20.8 kHz;

31.2 kHz; 41.7 kHz; 62.5 kHz; 125 kHz;

250 kHz; 500 kHz.

Modulation – Chirp Spread spectrum modulation

– Forward error correction, FEC

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Physical Layer


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LoRa

– Low power: Long battery life in

excess of ten years

– Long range:

• >2km dense urban, >15km

suburban, >80km VLOS.

• Sensitivity: ~-148 dBm

– Network Capacity & Security:

• Easy connect to Gateway

• Star Network / Link Rate

Adaptation / Fully Scalable

Network

• No SIM

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Capability


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IoT Key Enabling Wireless Technologies Compare

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IoT Key Enabling Wireless Technologies Summary

Standards Freq(s) Max BW Data rate Mod Range Network Applications

LTE-M

Category 0/1 (LTE Rel12/13)

LTE band 1.4 MHz 200 kbps ~

1 Mbps OFDM 1000 m WMAN

lower speed and power

versions of the LTE standard

defined in Rel12/13

802.11ah

(IEEE 802.11) Sub GHz

1 to 16

MHz

150 kbps

to 78 Mbps OFDM 1000 m WLAN

Target for IoT, wearable

devices or extend range

802.11p

(IEEE 802.11) 5.8~5.9 GHz

5/10/20

MHz

1.5 Mbps to

54 Mbps OFDM 1000 m WLAN

Wireless access in vehicle

environment (WAVE)

Bluetooth

Low Energy 2.4 GHz 2 MHz 1 Mbps GFSK 50 m WPAN

automotive, healthcare,

security, home entertainment

Z-Wave

(ITU G.9959)

868.42 MHz

908.42 MHz 200 kHz

9.6 kbps

~100 kbps

BFSK

GFSK 100 m WPAN

Remote controls, smoke

alarm, security sensors

Owned by Denmark Zensys

ZigBee

(802.15.4) ISM < 2.4 GHz 5 MHz

40 kbps to

250 kbps

BPSK

OQPSK 10 m WPAN

Home automation, smart grid,

remote control

Thread

(802.15.4) ISM < 2.4 GHz 5 MHz

40 kbps to

250 kbps

BPSK, FSK

OQPSK 10 m WPAN

Mesh network for home and

support 6LoWPAN

Wi-Sun

(802.15.4g) ISM < 2.4 GHz

200 kHz to

1.2 MHz

50 kbps to

1 Mbps

FSK ,OFDM,

OQPSK 1000 m WNAN

FAN and HAN

Smart Utility Networks, Smart

Grid, Smart Metering

NFC (ISO/IEC18092)

13.56 MHz 1 MHz 848 kbps FSK, ASK 20 cm P2P

Contactless payment, easy

other connection (Wi-Fi, BT),

identity and access

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Agenda




Keysight

Technologies 32

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Keysight IoT Wireless Test Solution

N9064A

N7610B N7606B

N9081A

802.11ah

N9064A

N7617B

N9077A

N7622B LTE Cat0

N7624/5B N9080/2A


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N9081A Bluetooth Measurements

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Basic Rate

EDR

Low Energy

Up to 255 Octets

(2040 bits)

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N9064A ZigBee/Thread Demodulation

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N9077B 802.11ah Test Solution

– 802.11ah Transmit Test Solution

• EXM supports 802.11ah

1/2/4/8/16MHz

• Full measurement result set

- Transmit Power

- Modulation Accuracy

- Spectrum emission mask

– 802.11ah Receiver Test

• Signal Studio to generate

802.11ah waveforms

• Support 1/2/4/8/16MHz bandwidth

802.11ah 2MHz SEM measurement

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N9077B 802.11p Test Solution

– 802.11p Transmit Test Solution

• EXM supports 802.11p 5

MHz/10MHz/20MHz

• Product option EXM V9077B-2FP

• Full measurement result set

- Transmit Power

- Modulation Accuracy

- Spectrum emission mask

– 802.11p Receiver Test

• Support 802.11p 5 MHz/10MHz/20MHz

bandwidth

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Wi-SUN Signal Generation

Keysight New Signal Studio for IEEE 802.15.4g – N7610B

- Create signals compliant to 802.15.4g which can support

Wi-SUN PHY standards

- Full channel coding, flexible configuration of MAC headers

and data types for receiver PER tests

- Support multi-rate and multi-regional frequency and multi-

data rates defined in 802.15.4g specifications

- Support Wi-SUN MR-FSK and MR-OFDM formats

- Support the waveform generation on EXG/MXG, PSG, ESG

and PXIe VSG*

N7610B Configuration and Pricing:

- N7610B - QFP: Advanced MR-FSK

- N7610B - RFP: Advanced MR-OFDM

AFS date: Aug-1-2014

Web go-live: Aug-6-2014

New image with KeySight logo

* Note: only support waveform export/import for PXIe VSG at August 2014 release.

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N9064A WiSUN Solution

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© Keysight Technologies 2015 Copyright © 2014 Agilent. All rights reserved © Keysight Technologies 2015

Thank You !!! Questions and Answers

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Documents

Next Generation Wireless for IoT and - Keysight · PDF fileNext Generation Wireless for IoT and Challenge June 2015 ... -DC distribution -Ecosystem ... • 1 control and 6 service