Next Generation Networking - cisco.com€¦ · 3GPP IMS / 3GPP2 SIP orientated ... I-BGCF Non IMS Applications IMS Applications MGX/VxSM AS5x00 Media Gw UAAF CNR UAAF/NACF CAR BAC

© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco ConfidentialPresentation_ID 1

Next Generation Networking

Simon [email protected] Engineer


Today’s high level network infrastructure

PSTN/VOICERetail voice

Business voiceWholesale voice

SDH

Optical/Physical media

MPLS/IPRetail IP

Wholesale IPBusiness VPNsBusiness voice

ATM/FRL2 Connectivity

Backhaul services

• Service specific networks• Dedicated equipment• Duplication of function• Obsolescence issues (in places)• Service provisioning times


INTELLIGENT INFORMATION NETWORKINTELLIGENT INFORMATION NETWORK

Cisco IP NGN Architecture

GAMINGGAMING DATACENTER

DATACENTER

PRESENCE-BASED

TELEPHONY

PRESENCE-BASED

TELEPHONYWEB

SERVICESWEB

SERVICESMOBILE

APPSMOBILE

APPS

IPCONTACT CENTER

IPCONTACT CENTER

IntelligentEdge

IntelligentEdge

CustomerElement

CustomerElement

MultiserviceCore

MultiserviceCore

Access / Aggregation

Access / Aggregation

Framework for User andApplication-Based Control(Data, Voice, Video, Mobility)

Framework for User andApplication-Based Control(Data, Voice, Video, Mobility)

Service Exchange

Service Exchange

APP

LIC

ATI

ON

A

ND

SER

VIC

ESA

PPLI

CA

TIO

N

AN

D S

ERVI

CES

SER

VIC

E C

ON

TRO

LSE

RVI

CE

CO

NTR

OL

NET

WO

RK

LA

YER

NET

WO

RK

LA

YER

O P

E R

A T

I O

N A

L

L A

Y E

R

TransportTransport


The Services and Applications


Service Requirements in NGN infrastructures

Consumer Business EvolvedservicesWholesale

InternetVoice / Video / data

VoicePSTN

Multimedia

VideoWalled Garden

MobilityFixed / Mobile

PSTNMigrate

Mobile RAN backhaulIP transition

TDMMigrate and evolve to

Ethernet

ATMMigrate and evolve to

Ethernet

F/REvolve to Ethernet

TDM/ATM Ethernet

L2 VPNsPt2Pt

Pt2MPtMPt2MPt

L3 VPNsConnectionless

Value-add ServicesBased on L3 visibility

TDM/ATM Ethernet

L2 VPNsPt2Pt

Pt2MPtMPt2MPt

L3 VPNsL2TP

Connectionless


What’s happening to Internet ?

European Internet Exchange Points8 times increase in Internet traffic in last 12 months

Access speed increasingDoubling access speed increases Internet use by 30% (cable experience)

Content richnessVideo overtaken P2P Basic Internet video todayImproving rapidly

Amsterdam ExchangeFrankfurt Exchange


Protocol RequirementsComprehensive Support for SIP and Non-SIP applications

Intelligent Networking

Video & GamingVideo & Gaming

DataCenterData

Center

Presence-Based

Telephony

Presence-Based

TelephonyWeb

ServicesWeb

ServicesMobile Apps

Mobile Apps

IPContact Center

IPContact Center

IntelligentEdge

IntelligentEdge

CustomerElement

CustomerElement

MultiserviceCore

MultiserviceCore

Access/Aggregation

Access/Aggregation

App

licat

ion

Laye

rA

pplic

atio

n La

yer

Serv

ice

Laye

rSe

rvic

e La

yer

Net

wor

k La

yer

Net

wor

k La

yer

TransportTransport

Ope

ratio

nal L

ayer

Ope

ratio

nal L

ayer

Service ExchangeService

Exchange

Open Framework for Enabling

‘Triple Play on the Move’(Data, Voice,

Video, Mobility)

Open Framework for Enabling

‘Triple Play on the Move’(Data, Voice,

Video, Mobility)

IdentityIdentity PolicyPolicy BillingBilling

MobilityMobility

Self Service

Self Service

Traffic Engineering

Traffic Traffic EngineeringEngineering MulticastMulticastMulticast SecuritySecuritySecurity

CoS/QoSCoS/QoSCoS/QoS MPLSMPLSMPLS

PeeringPeeringPeering

L2/L3 VPNL2L2//L3 VPNL3 VPN

VPLSVPLSVPLS

Fast Rerouting

Fast Fast ReroutingRerouting

Routing ProtocolsRouting ProtocolsRouting Protocols

IPoDWDMIPoDWDMIPoDWDM

PPP/FR/ATM/EthernetPPP/FR/ATM/EthernetPPP/FR/ATM/Ethernet

IPv4/IPv6IPv4/IPv6IPv4/IPv6

SIP based

SIP based

Non-SIP based

Non-SIP based

SIP Applications• VoIP / Push-to-talk (PTT)• Buddy lists• Click to dial• Location-based info services• FMC (Dual-mode telephony)

Non- SIP Applications• IPTV / VoD / Videoconferencing• P2P Services• Gaming• User Services• Evolved Services


Service Exchange Framework


What is Service Control ?Service Control functions

Virtualisation of the network to applicationsVirtualisation of application to network components

Access :Access privileges – authorization to use resources (circuits to QoS classes)Resource usage – admission control and/or resource reservationAccounting – metering / charging rules for usage based servicesFixed Mobile Convergence - Service portability

Core : Admission control

Service control is not new and actually quite advanced in wirelineRADIUS environments – authentication, policy at session start-up


Motivations for a Service control plane New services demand

Hard b/w and QoS guarantees (delay and loss) Subscriber choice and control

Existing service challengesProtecting the good citizenExamples :- Application control on peering links

Creating a standards based development environmentSPs / ISPs not yet clear on future service specificsRapid, access agnostic development environmentOff the shelf / third party applications

Fixed Mobile Convergence (FMC)Same application portfolio regardless of accessRoaming capabilities

Degrees of service controlFull architectural approachAd-hoc environment

There are doubters !!!Strong debate within SPs on service control Strong debate on service control within the Internet industry


Service Control components Open APIs to application layer

Service Control application Common service / protocol elementsExamples:- SIP servers, softswitches

Service Control networkAAA and address allocation Policy Decision Points Examples:- Radius, DHCP, Policy Servers

Network transportPolicy Enforcement Points (policing, gating, access control)Statistics gathering and reporting Examples:- BRAS, SBC, DPIs

Fuzzy line between service control network layer and network transportFor example :- SBCs

APIs between layersExamples:- Web services, diameter, Radius, DHCP

IntelligentEdge

IntelligentEdge

CustomerElement

CustomerElement

MultiserviceCore

MultiserviceCore

Access/Aggregation

Access/Aggregation

App

licat

ion

Laye

rA

pplic

atio

n La

yer

Net

wor

k Tr

ansp

ort

Net

wor

k Tr

ansp

ort

TransportTransport

Ope

ratio

nal L

ayer

Ope

ratio

nal L

ayer

PolicyPolicy

BillingBilling

Self Service

Self Service

Policy / AAA

PSTN emulation IMS

Applications

Network layer

Application layer

Serv

ice

cont

rol

Laye

r

Serv

ice

cont

rol

Laye

r


Key standards in Service Control arenaFull architectural solutions

3GPP IMS / 3GPP2SIP orientated architecture Components being embraced by many other SDOs

CableLabsPacketCable 1.x DQoS specification (part of the Call Management Server (CMS))PacketCable Multimedia decomposes the CMS functionality into Policy Server and Application manager

ITU-T“Focus Group on NGN” (FGNGN) NGN architectural framework

ATIS (Alliance for Telecommunications Industry Solutions) Full NGN architectureUtilises IMS, ETSI TISPAN

ETSI TISPANFull NGN architectureUtilises IMS and many other SDOs work

Component solutionsDSL Forum

Looking at DSL access and aggregation environmentsIdentify need to control p2p, identify policy / AAA components

Multi-Service Forum (MSF)Looking at specific multi-service componentsCore Bandwidth Manager


What is TISPAN?Background

Telecommunications & Internet Converged Services & Protocols forAdvanced Networks (TISPAN)TISPAN is a standards group within the European Telecommunication Standards Institute (ETSI)Specialized in fixed networks & Internet convergence8 sub-groups defining all aspects of NGN

http://www.tispan.org/Defining a standards-based NGN architecture

Based on well defined sub-systems, functional blocks & defined interfacesMaximizing fixed & mobile convergence, through adoption of 3G IMS componentsUse of work from other SDOs where appropriate


TISPAN R1 Sub-systems and architecture

Based on well defined sub-systems, functional blocks and defined interfaces

TISPAN R1 primarily associated with access CAC and voice / SIP applications

Applications

Subsystems

RACSResource AdmissionControl Subsystem

UserEquipment Access Network TISPAN NGN Core

NASSNetwork Attachment

Sub-System

Application FunctionsTwo types of application:AF-1 applications: don’t use Service Sub-systemsAF-2 applications: use Service control sub-systems

NASS:Functions:• Registration and initialisation of UE • Network Level ID and authentication

RACSFunctions:• Policy implementation• Admission control

Service SubsystemsGeneral architecture defines:• Core IMS subsystem • PSTN/ISDN emulation subsystem (PES)

• Streaming Subsystem• Content broadcast subsystemTransport Function:

• Core, access and home transport capabilities

• Deals with different owners of the network


ETSI TISPAN NGN Network Model Release 1 - Overview

Gq’Gq’

Access networkIP-Edge

CLF

PDBF

a2a2 a4a4

e5e5

RACS

NASS

DiameterH.248<tbd>

e2e2

User Equipment

AccessNode

Transport Network

TE CNG ARF

L2TF

e1e1 e1e1

IaIa

RqRq

ReRe

RCEF

e3e3

UAAF

a1a1

e4e4

CNGCF

AMF

a3a3

NACFGq’Gq’

e2e2

SPDF

A-RACF

TISPAN NGN Core

A-BGFDiDi I-BGF

AF-2 Applications

Applications

AF-1 Applications

PSTN EmulationIMS Core I/S-CSCF

P-CSCF MRFCMwMw MrMr

MiMi

P-CSCFBGCF

MgMg

Service subsystems

Note: Functional blocks do not equate to devices; one or more functions can reside in a single device and one functional block to be spread over multiple devices.


Cisco IMS/TISPAN “+” Architecture:Simple start

BPMA-RACF

ISG / SCERCEF

BPMSPDF

IP / MPLSCore

Subscriber Portal

UAAFCNR

UAAF/NACFCAR

BACCNGCF

P DirectorCLF

LinksysCNG

Other IPNetwork

Other TDMNetwork

ReRe

E4E4

A1A1A3A3E3E3

NASS

Network Layer

RACS

A4A4A2A2 RqRq

Interfaces:= Diameter= H.248= SIP= TR-69= <tbd>

LegendComponents:

= Cisco= Partner


Cisco IMS/TISPAN “+” Architecture:Build to the full solution

PGW2200BGCF

SPDF

BPMA-RACF

ISG / SCERCEF

12k / 7600C-BGF

PartnerI-CSCF

PartnerS-CSCF

PGW2200MGCF

BPMC-RACF

BPMSPDF

12k / 7600I-BGF

IP / MPLSCore

12k / 7600I-BGCF

IMS ApplicationsNon IMS Applications

MGX/VxSMAS5x00

Media Gw

UAAFCNR

UAAF/NACFCAR

BACCNGCF

P DirectorCLF

LinksysCNG

ITPSGF

OtherIMS

Other IPNetwork

Other TDMNetwork

Gq’Gq’

E2E2

IaIaReRe

E4E4

MwMw

MwMw

MnMn

IeIe

A1A1A3A3E3E3

NASS

Network Layer

RACS

A4A4A2A2

MkMkMwMw

MiMi

RqRq RqRq

GmGm

Interfaces:= Diameter= H.248= SIP= TR-69= <tbd>

LegendComponents:

= Cisco= Partner

IMS Subsystem

RfRf

12k / 7600P-CSCF


Cisco Value Proposition

Range of solutions ranging for simple to TISPAN compliantAbility to grow within a standards based environmentAbility to utilise existing policy infrastructure

Addressing TISPAN use casesVoice and SIP applicationsAccess admission controlSupport for TISPAN interfaces

Addressing Non-TISPAN use casesNon SIP applications : IP/TV, subscriber management, OTTAccess and core admission controlSupport for other application orientated interfaces


Network Layer


Network structure

Optical layerDark fibre and / or DWDMBasic non-oversubscribed point to point high bandwidth servicesUnder lying transport for IP/MPLS infrastructure

IP/MPLS End to end IP/MPLS control planeIP/MPLS directly integrating with optical layer – dark fibre or DWDMConcurrent support of L1, L2, L3 services

Flexible Service Edge Service terminationContent injection

Minimal layering Rapid adaptationCAPEX and OPEX efficiencies

Physical Layer

L1/L2/L3 Services

Basic high SpeedTransport

Internet

L1/L2/L3 Services

Internet

L1/L2/L3 Services

Internet


Physical InfrastructureCountry wide infrastructure

Dark Fibre

Metro WDM

MetroWDM

Dark Fibre

Dark Fibre

Dark Fibre

Dark Fibre

MetroWDM

CoreCopper

fibre

1st Mile Technology

Copperfibre

1st Mile Technology

Core networkFlexible DWDM optical core Multi-degree ROADM technology

Metro and city regionsDark fibreMetro DWDM

First MilexDSL technologyTransitioning to fibre technologyPoint to Point versus PON

1

10

100

1000

10000

100000

1000000

10000000

1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018

"High-speed connection," actualStraight line extrapolation assuming acceleration from 2004Straight line extrapolationSource: Heavy Reading report “FTTH Worldwide Market & Technology Forecast , 2006-20011”

DSL LimitKbps


Physical InfrastructureCountry wide infrastructure

Dark Fibre

Metro WDM

MetroWDM

Dark Fibre

Dark Fibre

Dark Fibre

Dark Fibre

MetroWDM

CoreCopper

fibre

1st Mile Technology

Copperfibre

1st Mile Technology

Core networkFlexible DWDM optical core Multi-degree ROADM technology

Metro and city regionsDark fibreMetro DWDM

First MilexDSL technologyTransitioning to fibre technologyPoint to Point versus PON

1

10

100

1000

10000

100000

1000000

10000000

1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018

"High-speed connection," actualStraight line extrapolation assuming acceleration from 2004Straight line extrapolationSource: Heavy Reading report “FTTH Worldwide Market & Technology Forecast , 2006-20011”

DSL LimitKbps

Point to Point Ethernet offers the most flexible and comprehensive

fibre solution


Network StructureCore network

Partial mesh / full mesh on coreHierarchical structure to IP/PoPsIP/MPLS control planeSupporting transport of L1, L2 and L3 services

Metro and city regionsRing / Hub and SpokeTechnology options:- IEEE, IP/MPLS, SDH, Others

Factors determining technology in metroSize of metro and number of customersPhysical topology : Ring / hub & spokeTypes of services offered in metro:- L1, L2, L3L2 service offerings :- Pt2Pt, Multipoint

Cisco support a variety of technologies in the metro. For an end to end full service infrastructure an IP/MPLS control plane provides the most flexibility


Network Structurefunctional components

Large scale infrastructureConsolidation of components in small networks Example DN and P/PE node

Access NodePure layer 2 deviceL2+ features :- DHCP opt 82, IGMP snooping

Aggregation NodeIP/MPLS deviceLegacy service edge (TDM and ATM)Ethernet layer 2 service edgeVideo layer 3 service edge

Distribution NodeIP/MPLS device AS boundary to core environmentLegacy service edge (TDM and ATM)Ethernet layer 2 service edgeVideo layer 3 local content injection

P/PE IP/MPLS deviceAS boundaryL1, L2, L3 service capabilities

Access NodesACN

Aggregation NodesAGN

Distribution NodesDN

P/PE


WDM I/F

WDM I/F

Optical switching via MSTP

CRS-1, GSR, 7600

WDM PLIM/ SPA for 10G and 40G

λs

DWDM LH transmission to other sites via MSTP

CTM managing CRS-1 and MSTP today

IPoDWDM

Core environmentIntelligent tuneable optics with FEC integrated into the router10gbps GE and POS40gbps POS using duo-binary technology – onto 10gbps optical systemsRouter to Router G.709 for enhanced OAM&P plus enhanced capabilitiesCisco or non Cisco DWDM layer

Metro environmentDrive distances less, DWDM often not deployedLess complex solutions required Fixed optics, no FEC


Logical Network Architecture

IPv4 and IPv6 supportQoS

Convergence servicesMulticastSecurity

OAMTraffic Engineering

Network instrumentation

Carrier Class

Access NodesACN

Aggregation NodesAGN

Distribution NodesDN

P/PE


Overlay architecture

L3 VPN (V4 and V6)

Legacy L1 and L2 services

Ethernet Pt2Pt and MP2MP


Service ElementsFlexible content service edge

Why a flexible edgeNot all services are the same

Where the service is created Located throughout the network: AGN, DN, BNG and P/PE

Rich set of service functionality based on IP/MPLS control planeL1, L2, L3 VPNs with QoS,

Service InterfacesEthernet Virtual Connection :- Flexible transport mappingInternet Services Gateway :- Subscriber control and policy interface

Service modules, blades and appliancesVPN aware service functionalitySBC, DPI, Visual QE


Service Overlays


Consistent Resiliency

<1s<1s<1s<1sL3

1M100K10K50KImpact ~2-3s

VHO Node

L2 ~2-3s

Source at SHE

VSO Node

Link in metro

2-3s50ms

Integrated Video CAC (Topology Aware)

RSVP 11

33

22 44

VQEVideo Error Concealment

Fast Channel Change

VAM

VQEAppliance

Video Optimisation

Programming Internet

Streamer Arrays

Streamer Arrays

Vault Arrays

Cisco Content Delivery System (CDS)


TV servicesCentralised

Middleware, Content

IGMPSnooping

AN

Multicast and VoD L3 edge

InternetInternetInternetInternet

N:VLAN for consumer services

To HSI edge

ACN AGN DN

InternetInternetInternetInternet

Pseudo-wire

Video Quality and Experience Servers

(VQSE servers)VoD Cache

Simple L3 video edge of AGN, PIM-SSM with IGP fast convergence

Centralised broadcast ingestion, middleware and Content vaults

Distributed video capabilitiesCDS caches for popular contentVQE for repair, improved channel zapping and monitoring

RSVP for in-path CAC


L3 VPN services

AN

1:1 VLAN for all services

ACN AGN DN P/PE

Ethernet Pseudo-wire VLAN hand-off


Ethernet L2VPN ServicesPoint to Point Services

End to End pseudo-wires

Multi-point Services H-VPLS for end to end 802.1ad edge initially 802.1ah edge into VPLS

Core MAC scalingCore VLAN scaling


Legacy Protocol services

Channelised TDM and ATM services across E1, E3, STMn on IP/MPLS networkBased on CEOPs SPA Common aggregation infrastructure for L3, L2 and legacy L1 servicesClock recovery to 15ppb (local, adaptive buffering)

BSC

nxE1

RNC

nxE1DN

nxSTM1

Regional NetworkIP/MPLS

BTSBTS

BTSBTS

Node B

BTSBTS

BTSBTS

BTSBTS

Node B

BTSBTS

AGN


Conclusions


Conclusions

NGN is driven by New services OPEX reduction of existing services

Needs to support a wide range of varying applications

Service Exchange Framework provides a common services interface to network

Common network infrastructure Minimal layeringIP/MPLS based providing L1, L2, L3 servicesFlexible edge for optimal service delivery



Why flexible service and content injection

Not all applications and services are the same !!!Business different to consumer, different to video

Service Control mechanism : What controls the service ?Network based subscriber control Application softwareVastly different requirements from equipment

Subscriber and service termination : Where the subscriber is terminated ?Distributed or centralised

Content Injection : Where the content is injected ?Distributed or centralised

Traffic levels : How much traffic associated with the serviceDo I terminate the service inline or out of line

NGN services have very different requirements.Cisco architecture is a flexible multi-edge solution

Documents

Next Generation Networking - cisco.com€¦ · 3GPP IMS / 3GPP2 SIP orientated ... I-BGCF Non IMS Applications IMS Applications MGX/VxSM AS5x00 Media Gw UAAF CNR UAAF/NACF CAR BAC