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Newton’s Laws of Motion
Dynamic dynamics and unexpected returns
Sir Isaac Newton
• Determined many physical laws based on mathematics.
• His book, Principia, revolutionized the fields of both science and mathematics
• He did a great job of explaining effects that seemed to have no causes
Newton’s First Law of Motion
• Inertia• An object at rest will remain at
rest, and• an object in motion will remain in
motion unless• acted upon by an outside force
– Dependent on mass– Inherent property of matter
Newton’s Second Law of Motion
• Force equals mass multiplied by acceleration
• F = m•a– Force is any push or pull that can
affect motion– Mass in kg, acceleration in m/s2
– Newtons: 1N = 1kg•m/s2
What would the net force be if two players kick a soccer ball from opposite directions according to the diagram?
0%0%0%0%1
2
3
4
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32
1. 60 N, to the left2. 60 N, to the right3. 0 N4. 180 N, upwards
Newton’s Third Law of Motion
• For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction– These forces act on two different
objects, so they are not balanced forces
The Big “Mo”
• Momentum is the product of an object’s mass multiplied by its acceleration.
• p = m • v• kg•m/s = kg • m/s
Law of Conservation of Momentum
• Momentum can not be created or destroyed under normal circumstances
• Momentum can be changed from one form to another– Total momentum before a change must
equal total momentum after a change• Ex. truck of gravel coming to a stop,
pieces of a dropped light bulb
Law of Conservation of Momentum
• Formulam1v1+m2v1 = m1v2+m2v2