The quarTerly newsleTTer of The easT Tennessee hisTorical socieTy

THE COUNTIES OF EAST TENNESSEE

NewslineVOlUmE 26, NO. 1-2, SprINg & SUmmEr 2010

(continued on page 6)East Tennessee History Center

601 S. Gay Street, Knoxville

New Feature Exhibition

Bagels & Barbeque examines Jewish experience in Tennessee

Bagels & Barbeque: The Jewish Experience in Tennessee, a traveling exhibition from the Tennessee state Museum, will be at the Museum of east Tennessee history, october 18-January 23, 2011. a local component added to the exhibit by eThs will concentrate more specifically on the Jewish communities across east Tennessee.

The exhibition traces the saga of early Jewish settlers from europe to Tennessee. a few were living in upper east Tennessee in the 1770s and in Middle Tennessee by the 1820s. By 1870, groups in nashville,

Memphis, chattanooga, and Knoxville had purchased land for cemeteries—a first concern of new Jewish communities—and founded congregations for worship.

Bagels & Barbeque also looks at the life of Jewish families during the civil war and reconstruction, the newspaper empire of the adolph ochs family, and the influence of the Jewish community as health and music industry professionals, university professors, executives, artists, and more.

scholars from across the state of Tennessee, along with noted authorities on Jewish history from other locations, provided the research for Bagels & Barbeque. The exhibition was mounted by the Tennessee state Museum in collaboration with the Jewish federation of nashville and Middle Tennessee, Jewish federation

of Greater chattanooga, Knoxville Jewish alliance, and Memphis Jewish federation, with participa-tion of other Jewish communities around the state. The statewide tour is supported in part by a grant from humanities Tennessee, an independent affiliate of the national endowment for the humanities.

For more information, see www.eastTNhistory.org.

Adolph Ochs and the ChattanoogaTimes Building — Reprinted with permission from Chattanooga Jewish Community by Joy Effron AbelsonAdams, www.arcadiapublishing.com

Adolph Ochs and the chattanooga Times Building. The Ochs family earlier

lived in Knoxville where at age 11 Adolph began his newspaper career by delivering the Knoxville chronicle to

help support his family.

you are invited

Bagels & BarbequeMembers-only Preview

2:30 p.m., october 17Tour & Gallery Talkwith Guest curator

Candance Adelson, Ph.D.senior curator of fashion &

Textiles, Tennessee state Museum

Museum of east Tennessee history

ETHS Annual meeting of the membershipsome 200 members and guests from across the

region gathered at the east Tennessee history center on May 4 to celebrate a year of accomplishment and to elect new members of the board.

Guest speaker for the evening was Dr. Dan Feller, editor and director of the Andrew Jackson Papers at the University of Tennessee and the Center for Jacksonian America. Dr. Feller informed and entertained the crowd with a recounting of discoveries and stories from the Center’s worldwide search to locate all of Jackson’s surviving papers.

Featured speaker Dr. Dan Feller, ETHS Director Cherel Henderson, Tennessee

Secretary of State Tre Hargett; ETHS board member Natalie L. Haslam

ETHS Awards of Excellence Page 7

First Families of Tennessee license plate approved by Tennessee legislature

page 3

Family Search Indexing Volunteers

page 5

East TN student National History Day wins 2nd in nation

page 2

Brown Bag lecturespage 4

genealogy Workshopspage 4

1834 leadership giving Society

page 3

East TN preservation Conference

page 11

ETHS goes Socialpage 3

Volume 26, No. 1 - 2, Spring & Summer 20102

Tennessee students cheer as their state’s name is called during the NHD Roll Call of the States.

East Tennessee students score in National History Day

National History Day Update

East Tennessee student scores second in nation

in national history Day competition, held June 14-15 in college Park, Maryland, emma Grace Thompson of Tellico Plains took second place in national finals in the Junior individual Documentary category for her project “innovation ends isolation: The effect of the Telephone on a small appalachian community.” This marks the third time in four years that an east Tennessee student has placed nationally. forty-three Tennessee students were among the 2,000 in the national competition this year, where their work was evaluated by more than 300 historians and educational professionals, with more than $250,000 in scholarships and cash prizes awarded.

“This phenomenal group of students from Tennessee conducted thorough research and produced high-quality projects to become the best history Day students in the state,” said Kelly Wilkerson of the Tennessee Historical Society and state coordinator for Tennessee history Day.

for information on how you can be involved in nhD, contact lisa n. oakley at 865-215-8828.

Emma Grace Thompson

Tennessee students cheer when their state’s name was called during the NHD Roll Call of the States.

ETHS goes to Northern Irelandon the last week of June in 2011 the ulster historical

foundation will offer a seven-day course in ulster (scots-irish) Genealogical and historical research in Belfast, northern ireland. The course will involve lectures, inves-tigations in the major genealogical repositories in northern ireland, and numerous side trips to historic places in ulster.

The schedule follows: Day 1, arrival, registration, rest up; Day 2:, lectures in the morning, trip to sentry hill in afternoon; Day 3, Visits and guided research in Public record office of northern ireland, linen hall library, Presbyterian historical society library, and Belfast central library (in-cluding the newspaper library); Day 4, all-day trip to Barons court, ulster-american folk Park, and centre for Migration studies; Days 6 & 7, free day for individual excursions out from Belfast; Day 7, outing to londonderry and Donegal to visit the Monreagh heritage centre and the walled city of

Derry. closing ceremony and presentations at Magee campus of the university of ulster; Day 8, check out and return home.

The full cost will be 1000 euros which amounts to abut $1270 as of today. included are the lectures, research at archival institutions, two-in-a-room accommodations at the ramada encore hotel in Belfast for six nights, plus six breakfasts, five evening meals, and five lunches. The rate also includes admission charges to all visitor attractions and group transport throughout the week. single accommodations will be available for 150 euros or about $190 extra. what is not included in transportation from and return to the u.s. and the optional individual excursions on June 23-24.

several from eThs plan to make this trip. if you think you have an interest in joining us or would like more informa-tion, please contact anne smalley by e-mail at asmalley@utk.edu.(Dr. George K. schweitzer’s secretary). we will then keep in touch with you regarding details as they become available.

The national history Day (nhD) program continues to grow in the region, as evidenced by the numbers of partici-pating students, teachers, and schools in the March 1 east Tennessee history Day district contest, sponsored by the east Tennessee historical society and the university of Tennessee’s Department of history. some 3,000 middle and high school students took part in our regional contest this year, with 369 students representing 11 counties, advancing to the district contest. fifty teachers from 40 schools participated.

The top three projects in each category (exhibits, docu-mentaries, performances, papers, and website design) advanced to the state’s Tennessee History Day contest, held april 17 at legislative Plaza in nashville and sponsored by the Tennessee historical society. east Tennessee students won first or second place in 23 of the 32 categories in the state contest.

nhD is a curriculum enhancement program designed to change the way history is taught and learned in the classroom. it is a rigorous program that requires students to conduct exten-sive primary and secondary research, interpret information, and draw conclusions about the meaning of the past.

“history Day is sort of a science fair for history, only more fun,” says contest co-coordinator william e. hardy. “east

Tennessee students are achieving great success with history Day. This success is demonstrated not only in the medals and awards they earn at the district, state, and national contests, but also in the career paths that many have taken as a result of their history day projects.”

Volume 26, No. 1 - 2, Spring & Summer 2010 3

ETHS 1834 Society for leadership giving

The east Tennessee historical society has established the 1834 society for leadership Giving to recognize major annual Giving donors making a multi-year commitment that results in a minimum cumulative gift of $25,000. founding membership is designated for those joining in 2010 and 2011. new members will be acknowl-edged at an annual induction dinner to celebrate incoming honorees and to recognize the continuing generosity of exist-ing 1834 society members.

The program’s goal is to provide annual funding for eThs to operate the new and expanded Museum of east Tennessee history as an educational institution and a premier destination attraction for both the region’s residents and visitors.

we are inviting individuals, corporations, and founda-tions from across the region to show their generous volunteer spirit and make a commitment of $25,000 to $100,000 payable in annual gifts of cash or securities over five years. special opportunities are available to apply the gift toward sponsorship of museum feature exhibitions, special events, or K-12 student education programs.

you can help us ensure the future of our region’s history by becoming a member of the 1834 society at one of the following levels:

John sevier leadership circle $100,000 sequoyah leadership circle $ 75,000 David crockett leadership circle $ 50,000 william Blount leadership circle $ 25,000 if you are interested in learning more about 1834 society

membership, call cherel henderson at 865-215-8823 or cherel@eastTnhistory.org. additional information can be found at www.eastTnhistory.org.

ETHS hosts Western WritersThe western writers of america held their first-ever

convention east of the Mississippi in Knoxville, June 22-26, with the east Tennessee historical society as a local host. in addition to program sessions, the group toured the region, visit-ing cumberland Gap, the crockett Tavern, and cherokee, north carolina.

a panel of eight crockett scholars and experts discussed the life and legacy of legendary frontiersman David crockett. The panel included east Tennesseans Dr. Michael lofaro from the university of Tennessee, Jim claborn of hamblen county, and western author cameron Judd of chucky, Joe swann, owner of crockett’s first gun and an eThs board member.

The convention ended with the “spur award Banquet” on saturday night during which outstanding authors and works were recognized with a variety of awards.

(L to R): Three Crockett scholars, Joe Swann, owner of Davy’s first gun, Paul Hutton, a professor of history at the University of New Mexico, and History Channel contributor, and film producer David Zucker get a good look at the first “Betsy,” a popular artifact in the Museum of East Tennessee History.

Books by western writers were flying off the shelves during the two-hour booksigning featuring 50 popular authors representing 150 titles.

Twitter, Facebook, YouTube, and e-news

ETHS goes socialneed a reminder or want to be the first to hear about special

events and workshops? There are many ways to stay informed, such as subscribing

to the eThs e-newsletter at www.eastTnhistory.org. The social media sites of facebook, Twitter, and youTube are also convenient ways to stay in touch via the following links:

www.facebook.com/eastTnhistory

www.twitter.com/eastTnhistory

www.youtube.com/eastTnhistory

State Legislature approves First Families of Tennessee license plate

Show your Tennessee pride. The Tennessee state legislature has approved an official

license plate commemorating the first families of Tennessee family heritage program of the east Tennessee historical society. state guidelines call for the sale of 1000 license plates in the first year to validate the plate. The design of the plate will soon be available via the eThs website. if you are a Tennessee resident with an interest in purchasing a ffT plate or would like to learn more, please contact lisa Belleman at belleman@eastTnhistory.org or call 865-215-8883.

Volume 26, No. 1 - 2, Spring & Summer 20104

Around the table, left to right: Lucille (Bilo) and Ernie Nelson, Mrs. David (Donna) Kerr; Walter Pulliam, Mrs. Ann Gordon Hamilton, Lee Whitson,

Dick Whitson, Mrs. Hubert Slatery, Bud Albers, Margaret (Pego) Dempster.

Good food, good service, heaping helping of nostalgia

At the Highlands grillas part of its pre-opening activities, highlands Grill

located in the old Bearden area of Knoxville, hosted an evening for eThs members and guests, with a portion of the proceeds benefiting eThs. originally opened in 1934, the highlands Grill was popular with families and a frequent stop for college students. Many of those present remembered the grill from that time and delighted newcomers by sharing those nostalgic memories. restaurant owner Tom weiss has decorated the walls with prints from the eThs collection of paintings by russell Briscoe.

Bagels and Barbeque: The Jewish Experience

Related Programs

October 24, Tour of the New Jewish Cemetery (corner of Glenn and Keith avenues), led by Scott B. Hahn, 2:00 p.m. November 10, Brown Bag Lecture:A Separate Circle: Jewish Life in Knoxville, Tennessee, Wendy Lowe Besmann, 12 Noon December 8, Brown Bag Lecture:“Children’s Holocaust Memorial at the Whitwell Middle School,” Linda Hooper, 12 Noon

Brown Bag lecturesOctober 13—“’I’m Afraid the Town is Gone’:

Knoxville’s Million Dollar Fire,” by William E. Hardy

What at midnight, April 6, 1897, was the most magnificent block in the city of Knoxville, by sunrise the next day had become a blackened mass of smol-dering ruins—a “Million Dollar” loss. In a very short period of time, the fire became a critical part of the legend of Knoxville’s vitality as its boosters hailed the city as the “new jewel in the crown of the New South.” William E. Hardy, a Ph.D. candidate in history at the University of Tennessee and author of numerous scholarly publications, including Historic Photos of Knoxville, will discuss the catastrophic destruction wrought by the fire that swept the business district, and also the countless stories of heroic deeds and amazing escapes that contribute to the captivating story of Knoxville’s Million Dollar Fire.

Brown Bag Lectures begin at noon at the East Tennessee History Center and are free and open to the public. Soft drinks are available.

genealogy WorkshopsOctober 16 Beginning Genealogy (1:15-4 p.m.) October 30 Using Footnote on the Internet

(1:15-2:45 p.m.)November 13 Using Tennessee State Library &

Archives Website (1:15-3:45 p.m.)December 4 The McClung Historical Collection

(1:15-3:15 p.m.)

Reservations required—Call 865-215-8809. Reservations will open two weeks before each class. workshops are held in the computer classroom of the east

Tennessee history center.

September 25— Celebrate National Museum Day FREE ADMISSION at the Museum of East

Tennessee HistoryETHS joins the Smithsonian Institution and other

museums across the country in observance of National Museum Day by offering free museum admission.

October 13— “’I’m Afraid the Town is Gone’: Knoxville’s Million Dollar Fire,”

by William E. Hardy

October 17— Members-only preview Bagels & Barbeque: The Jewish Experience in East

Tennessee exhibition, 2:30 p.m.

November 11— Veterans DayFree Museum Admission for all veterans and their

families before and after the Veterans Day Parade in downtown Knoxville. Parade begins at 11 a.m. and marches down Gay Street, passing the East Tennessee History Center.

December 3— History for the Holidays: Open House at East Tennessee Historical Society, featuring craft demonstrations, regional authors, crafts and storytelling for kids.

East Tennessee Historical Society Calendar of Events

Volume 26, No. 1 - 2, Spring & Summer 2010 5

FamilySearch to make billions more records available online

eThs was host to a familysearch Volunteer indexing meeting on June 23, attended by some 70 individuals and representatives from organizations across the region. in an exciting—and to genealogists, breathtaking—announcement, familysearch staffer Jim ericson discussed a massive project to digitize and index billions of records in the microfilm collection of the lDs family history library in salt lake city and make them available on the web.

These searchable records will provide online access to researchers around the world. familysearch is a free website and the most heavily used genealogy site in the world.

you can see an example of the project and access hundreds of millions of records already available online at http://pilot.familysearch.org.

Become a FamilySearch Indexing Volunteer! familysearch is recruiting volunteers to transcribe these

records and indexes and make them freely available online. • Volunteers can work from home anytime, with online

access available 24 hours a day, seven days a week. • stop and start at your convenience—only minutes a week

required• choose from a variety of projects—new additions weekly

To learn more about the familysearch indexing project or to volunteer, e-mail indexing.familysearch.org.

Quilter Merikay Waldvogel honored

“label quilt” now in ETHS collection

As a tribute to quilt historian Merikay Waldvogel upon her induction to the Quilters Hall of Fame, the Smoky Mountain Quilters presented the East Tennessee Historical Society with a “label quilt” made by Bonnie Jones. The quilt is one of eighteen quilts made from discarded clothing labels from Tennford Weaving in Wartburg in Morgan County, where Mrs. Jones worked from 1970-1978. The others were gifted to family members and one to the plant manager.

prized gene Horner fiddleETHS is honored to be the

recipient of a fiddle crafted by renowned instrument maker Gene Horner of the Westel community in Cumberland County. The fiddle is constructed from an ancient spruce tree from the Smoky Mountians with other parts constructed of regional maple, walnut, and holly.

In March 2009, Horner was one of eight people to receive the annual Governor’s Art Award, Tennessee’s highest honor in the arts. He was recognized in the Folklife Heritage category.

Examples of pottery made in East Tennessee sought

examples of pottery made in east Tennessee are sought for study and possible inclusion in a major exhibition. The exhibition will open at the Museum of east Tennessee history in the spring of 2011. carole wahler, an authority and collector of Tennessee pottery, will be the guest curator.

she notes that many pieces of pottery made in the region remain in private hands, often passed down through families. in preparation for the exhibition, carole is asking anyone with pieces of pottery, whether damaged or in good condition, that may have been made in east Tennessee to contact her at carole@carolewahler.com.

First Fridays at the Centeras part of downtown Knoxville’s first friday celebrations,

eThs will present a series of artists and programs:october 1, “for Memories sake: a Documentary by ashley

Maynor.” ashley Maynor’s grandmother, angela singer, was an amateur photographer and home movie maker. for 35 years of her life, she made it a point to take 35 photographs. ashley will present a documentary about her grandmother’s work and will answer questions about how to preserve family photos.

november 5 “Jazz and art” Bradley reeves of the Tennessee archive of Moving image and sound will present clips of jazz performances from the 1940s. The guest artist will be Joe letitia. his work features silhouettes of individuals us-ing the positive and negative spaces of wood turnings.

hours for first friday at the center are 5-8 p.m. refreshments are by club leconte, official sponsor for “first

fridays at the center.” club leconte’s famous sunday brunch is now open to the public.

Volume 26, No. 1 - 2, Spring & Summer 20106

2010-2011 ETHS Board of DirectorsThe annual Meeting is the occasion to elect officers and

directors for the coming year. Those elected for the 2010-2011 year are president, Jack e. williams; president elect, susan richardson williams; vice presidents for Knoxville area, natalie l. haslam and Paul h. Bergeron; vice president for northeast Tennessee, Mary fanslow; vice presidents for southeast Tennessee, carrington Montague and Jerome Taylor. recording secretary is Joe e. spence; assistant recording secretary, Jane creed. George schweitzer is the new treasurer, assisted by Joe Ben Turner.

Departing board members steve hagood, Gaines Pittenger, and sarah J. weeks were recognized for their exemplary service to eThs over their terms on the board.

New to the board of directors Russell Byrd began his career with

comcast in Mobile, alabama, and is now senior director of community affairs for east Tennessee and southwest Virginia, as well as state legislative affairs in Georgia, Virginia, and Tennessee. in addition to eThs, he serves on the Knoxville area urban league and Keep Knoxville Beautiful boards. he

has a strong interest in education and is a supporter of east Tennessee national history Day.

a native of Knoxville, John J. Duncan III was recently elected to the office of Knox county Trustee, prior to which he was an administration officer with Bankeast, Knoxville, and a member of the eThs Government relations committee.

Mary Fanslow is a native east Tennessean and a research chemist with eastman in Kingsport. she enjoys history and writing, and her article, “what Do They Do at the spas?” received the 2008 Mcclung award for the best article in the 2008 Journal of East Tennessee History.

Marvin L. House is the ceo of Merit construction, inc., Knoxville. he is active with the Knoxville chapter of habitat for humanity and with the christian appalachian Project and served as a volunteer in the mountains of appalachia for a year. he and his wife, Janie, live in a renovated grist mill in Grainger county.

ETHS Annual meeting of the membership (continued from page 1)

Minister Alan M. Jones is the man-ager of administration and Disadvantaged Business enterprise liaison for the Metropolitan Knoxville airport authority, former pastor of asbury uMc in clinton, and art director at the literacy imperative center in Knoxville. he researched and assisted in the development of the Green

Mcadoo cultural center, a museum devoted to the civil rights history of the clinton Twelve, out of which came the award-winning documentary The Clinton Twelve.

Dean Rice holds a B.a. in speech communication from the university of Tennessee. his many professional member-ships and positions include service on the boards of the east Tennessee economic Board, Downtown optimist club, Knoxville, Blount Mansion association, and the man-ager of Duncan for congress, 2006. he is chief of staff to Knox county Mayor Tim Burchett, after having recently managed his winning campaign

a native of Virginia, Gordon Savage is senior vice president and wealth management team director at BB&T. The Virginia native is a graduate of the united states Military academy at west Point and has served as captain and pilot-in-command in the u.s. army in various locations worldwide. Prior to joining BB&T, he was with Morgan

stanley and Bank of america. Gordon lives in Knoxville with his wife and two sons.

a former eThs president and board member, Dr. Jerome Taylor returns to the board as a vice president for southeast Tennessee. in 2003, he retired after 30 years of service as a professor of history and political science at cleveland state community college. Dr. Taylor is a member of the editorial board for the eThs Journal of East Tennessee History.

elected to second terms are Edward S. Albers, Jr., Imogene King, Linda Ogle, and D. Ray Smith.

Other current board members are Ginny Rogers, Steve Cotham, Arthur G. Seymour, Jr., Barbara Arant, Randy Boyd, Deborah Brezina, Betsey Bush, Jane Gamble Chedester, Linda Claussen, Bill Cobble, Sam furrow, Henrietta Grant, Jim Hart, W. Dwight Kessel, Imogene King, Jim Shelby, D. Ray Smith, Joe Swann, Joe Ben Turner, Gary Wade, Carol Weller, Edward F. Wheeler, Jr., Candace White, and Bob Worthington, Jr. Ex-officio members are Gordon S. Nelson and Malcolm Rogers.

Volume 26, No. 1 - 2, Spring & Summer 2010 7

2010 Awards of Excellence  Marvin Templin of McMinn county received an award of Distinction in recognition of his book, Tranquillity Methodist Church.

JoAnne M. Myers, Trulene H. Nash, and Jerry L. Sharp were recipients of community leadership in history awards for their work in the preservation and promotion of the history of campbell county. Pictured here (l to r): front, Trulene

nash, Joanne Mccloud Myers, Jerry sharp, Jane Gamble chedester (campbell county native and eThs board member), ann Dove sharp; back, ed nash, Gerald Myers, ed wheeler (campbell county native and eThs board member).

Gene Hurdt of Jonesborough re-ceived a leadership in community history award for his work with the Jonesborough Genealogical society and the washington county historical association.

Martha Jean Atkins Carter was pre-sented a leadership in community history award for her work with the union county historical society and roy acuff union Museum.

Hans Ballew (not pictured), a history and geography teacher at Boyds creek elementary school, received the 2010 Teaching excellence award.

eThs Volunteers of the year are Denise Alfrey, who has

assisted with the fabrication and mounting of exhibitions and B. J. Wiseman, who works on a variety of programs, includ-

ing hospitality services and artifact cataloging. Pictured here, left to right: eThs curator of exhibitions adam alfrey and his mother Denise alfrey; eThs Director cherel henderson; volunteer B.J. wiseman.

Author, historian, and researcher Robert J. Booker was chosen as the recipient of the Society’s most prestigious award, the Ramsey Award for Lifetime Achievement. In addition to his popular weekly column in the Knoxville News Sentinel, Mr. Booker has com-piled a legacy of writing and research and has also served as a research staff member of the McClung Historical Collection. The native Knoxvillian and Knoxville College graduate was prominent in the region’s Civil Rights movement and led numerous sit-ins to desegregate lunch counters and movie theaters in Knoxville and has served as a Knoxville city councilman and in the Tennessee General Assembly.

Tennessee Secretary of State Tre Hargett was recognized with a special Leadership in History Education Award for his

dedicated support for National History Day throughout the state. As such he continues to inspire students and equip them with an understanding of history and a commitment to excellence that will prepare them for future success. Before becoming Secretary of

State, Mr. Hargett served ten years in the Tennessee House of Representatives, where he was twice minority leader.

The History in the Media Award went to Amy McRary, features writer for the Knoxville News Sentinel, for excellence in writing about history-related events and topics, thus creating a new interest in and audience for history.

Jack Goins of Hawkins County was recipient of an Award of Distinction for his role in establishing the Hawkins County Archives to which he contributed 6,656 hours in organizing records.

The U.S. District Court and U.S. District Court Historical Society received an Award of Distinction for the

restoration of a rare piece of art, a mural study entitled “Allegory of Chattanooga.” (L to R): U.S. District Court Historical Society members Knoxville Attorney G. Wilson Horde, Senior U.S. District

Judge Leon Jordan, Don K. Ferguson, executive director of the U.S. District Court Historical Society

ETHS President Jack E. Williams congratulates Robert J. Booker,

recipient of the 2010 Ramsey Award for Lifetime Achievement

Volume 26, No. 1 - 2, Spring & Summer 20108

Special Thanks (Gifts received through July 31, 2010)

In Memory of Martha catherine Graves edward s. albers, Jr.ruby hammer Dr. stephanie KernJames henderson Mr. and Mrs. Joel r. Buchanan robert M. lindsay, Jr. edward s. albers, Jr. Mrs. robert h. Dempster, Jr.Dr. william schriver edward s. albers, Jr. Mrs. robert h. Dempster, Jr.r. D. speers Joan c. schwarzenbergDr. sam Thatcher Dr. Thomas G. Burton Mr. and Mrs. alvin Gerhardt Dr. raymond Knapp and Dr. Debbie

Knapp

In Honor of ray sears Patricia M. sears Dr. stephanie KernDr. George K. schweitzer Barbara and Bill arant anne Dean Mcwhirter

Special Thanks to our Corporate Partners:

Patron PartnershipMast General store, inc.

1834 Leadership Society:David Crockett LeadershipCircle ($50,000 Pledge)clayton family foundation

Capital CampaignDenark construction

Thank you to the following members for an increase in giving level:

To Grand BenefactorMr. and Mrs. samuel e. Beall, Jr.Mr. and Mrs. David P. Jones

To Benefactor Mr. and Mrs. Glenn n. Pruitt

To Patron Mr. and Mrs. frank M. addicksMargaret a. PayneDr. rann l. VaulxMr. and Mrs. carlos c. whaleyDr. robert B. williamsonDr. Donna M. winn

To Sustainer Mr. and Mrs. David BlackB. B. Blevinsrobert e. DavisDeb and Joe DiPietroMr. and Mrs. Bill feltonellen foxBarbara T. harrellDr. and Mrs. Michael w. howardGeneva B. JenningsPatricia Jobequentin niggMr. and Mrs. Thomas M. rentenbachDr. and Mrs. Thomas r. roddyTeresa J. smithMr. and Mrs. william T. snyder

To Contributor Pat and Jane armstrongDr. calvin DickinsonJim and Karen everettDorothy e. KellyJim and Jayne lesterKaren K. Mannellen P. oblowM. sue ParkerMr. and Mrs. campbell wallace, Jr.Dr. Jerry e. waters

Annual Giving Contributions:President’s Circle ($5,000+)linda n. ogle

Grand Benefactor Circle ($1,000-$2,499)Mr. and Mrs. samuel e. Beall, Jr.Mr. and Mrs. David P. Jones (in honor of anne Jones)

Benefactor Circle ($500-$999)Mr. and Mrs. sam furrowMr. and Mrs. Glenn Pruittnancy M. rodgers

Patron Circle ($250-$499)Mr. and Mrs. frank M. addicksThe coca-cola companyMargaret l. GoodmanJake harperDr. lorayne w. lesterMr. and Mrs. a. David Martinlisa M. McclainMr. and Mrs. Terrell McwhirterMr. and Mrs. John l. neely iiiMargaret a. Paynew. J. PughDonald B. reynolds, Jr.Mr. and Mrs. Dan D. rheafinbarr saunders and ellen BebbMr. and Mrs. harvey l. sproulMary Kay and william sullivanDr. rann l.VaulxMr. and Mrs. carlos c. whaleyDr. robert B. williamsonDr. Donna M. winn, MD

Sustaining ($125-$249)Joe and rikki alexanderfoster D. arnett, Jr.Mr. and Mrs. David BlackMr. and Mrs. B. B. BlevinsMr. and Mrs. David w. BryanDr. and Mrs. Philip D. campbellMr. and Mrs. Joe congletonrobert e. DavisMr. and Mrs. Joe DiPietroDavid G. easterlyMr. and Mrs. ross fairesMr. and Mrs. Bill feltonellen foxMyra B. GlassM. r. hamptonBarbara T. harrellMr. and Mrs. charles a. harringtonDr. Jan henleyDr. and Mrs. Michael w. howardGeneva B. JenningsPatricia JobeMr. and Mrs. howard JohnstonMr. and Mrs. Marion D. lamb, Jr.Mrs. James lilesrobert and Jeanette livelyJoe and sheila MccrackenDr. and Mrs. h. M. Meredithquentin niggMr. and Mrs. Thomas M. rentenbachMr. and Mrs. albert ritchieDr. and Mrs. Thomas r. roddyJoan c. schwarzenbergTeresa J. smithMr. and Mrs. william T. snyderMr. and Mrs. william e. Timmons

Contributing ($75-$124)Pat and Jane armstrongMr. and Mrs. carter BakerMr. and Mrs. ernest c. Blankenship Dr. r. christopher BrooksJean Baggentoss cardwell Dr. and Mrs. stephen cobbleMr. and Mrs. Tom Derr

Dr. w. c. DickinsonDonna hart DudekMr. and Mrs. Thomas o. Duff, Jr.Greg and Jennifer DunnDr. and Mrs. lawrence Durischshirley h. englishMr. and Mrs. Jim everettDr. John r. finger and Ms. Judi Gastonwilliam l. Galbraithlinda s. GarnerDavid Gensterblumharriett P. hancockanne hartMr. and Mrs. Gary hensleyDr. anthony hodgeslorie huffMr. and Mrs. Philip w. hyattMichael D. JamersonJames county historical societyDorothy e. KellyKenneth l. KirklandMr. and Mrs. Jim lesterJuda r. livesayKaren K. MannGuerry Mcconnellellen P. oblowfred and Druanna overbayPatricia a. oxleyM. sue Parkeremily albers PattonMr. and Mrs. rob PearceKenneth and Janet PorterMr. and Mrs. warren PratorMr. and Mrs. John quinnMr. and Mrs. robert ramgerMr. and Mrs. Maxwell ramseyMr. and Mrs. craig B. robersonMarilyn J. rogerslouis ruleJeffrey and Myra sharpwilliam and Muriel sirettGeorgiana VinesMr. and Mrs. campbell wallace, Jr.Dr. Jerry e. watersleona e. wilson

Other Annual GivingContributionsBarbara r. cantrellwendy elliot, PhDisabel M. Grallleroy hawn robert a. lanierw. Thomas loganGoldie e. c. ParkerBrenda sherrodanne welch

General Contributions norman l. BakerPeggy BealMr. and Mrs. r. Donahue Bible Mr. and Mrs. wayne l. Breazeale Mr. and Mrs. arvin e. BrownMr. and Mrs. ricky s. caplanJulia f. chwalikMargaret cotrufofirst united Methodist church clevelandThe Grill at highlands rowalice e. GrundenMargery a. hagyJane w. hall

Melba Bailey, newport

w. l. clifton, waco, TX

Mary G. coward, Knoxville

lawrence J. German, cleveland

Kitty Gillespie, Decatur

andrew J. Kozar, Knoxville

robert M. lindsay, columbus, Ga

David w. Post, Maryville

Dr. sam Thatcher, Jonesborough

Mrs. Kent c. withers, Knoxville

In Memoriam

Volume 26, No. 1 - 2, Spring & Summer 2010 9

General Contributions (cont’d)connie e. hixson Thomas e. KendrickJames c. Key, Jr.James e. lancasterMr. and Mrs. Joe longmireDoris r. Martinson Messer construction companywalter Meyer, Jr.c. Miller and Virginia M. Jones cynthia ParkJudy PenryPatricia Pierce & Jack GossJennifer r. sextonann B. summersJudge and Mrs. charles D. susano, Jr.winifred l. swansonJudge Brenda waggonerK. ann walkerreid w. walkerJames youngJody l. Zorsch

Endowment Contributions east Tennessee foundation

Dr. Pauline D. easthamB. Martha ericksonellen foxMr. and Mrs. robert l. hansardMartha and roscoe MorrisJames J. recaMr. and Mrs. samuel Taylor

Restricted Contributions Jim and natalie haslamMr. and Mrs. ernest J. nelsonDr. George K. schweitzerMr. and Mrs. edward f. wheeler, Jr.

In-Kind Gifts Merit constructionullrich Printing

Sponsorships randy and Jenny Boydcomcast communications

Grants comcast communicationsiBM Matching Grants

millstone from Bowman mill unveiled on June 19th, Bowman family and friends gathered at the history center for the unveiling

of the millstone display in one of the facility’s front garden beds. Director cherel henderson spoke enthusiastically of the history that is now “spilling” from the center onto the sidewalks of downtown. in 1884 william elbert Bowman bought property in what is now known as Bowman hollow, near the Knox county community of heiskell. close to his home, william fabricated the mill building, large wheel, water run, and other parts necessary for the grinding operation. The

mill was in business by 1895, with his wife sarah tending its daily activities. she ran the mill for 30 years. until 1925 when she died from a wasp sting. The mill never ran again. william and sarah’s grandson reuben hunter salvaged the millstone in the 1950s, by which time the structure was in disrepair.

Many thanks to Marvin House, CEO, and Merit Construction, Inc. for relocating the massively heavy millstone from the mill site to the History Center. Mr. House has a special interest in mills, having

beautifully restored the old Richland Mill in Grainger County.

Marvin House (left) visits with Patricia F. and Reuben A. Hunter,

who donated the millstone to ETHS. Mr. Hunter is a grandson of William and Sarah Bowman who established

the mill about 1895.

Fuller potter while planning the Mountain Splendor: Art and Artists of

the Great Smoky Mountains exhibit to commemorate of the 75th anniversary of the Great smoky Mountains national Park in 2009, eThs surveyed a number of sources. Duay o’neil, an accomplished local historian and genealogist and a staff writer for the newport Plain Talk, brought to our attention the work of fuller Potter (1910-1990), a new yorker who painted in the smokies in the 1930s-1940s. lured by the smokies and the friendships he made in the area, Potter spent several of his formative years painting the people and countryside of cocke county, where he met and wed a local teenage beauty, cindy williamson. The couple had two children before divorcing after six years of marriage. later he studied in Paris and new york, among other cities, and is now considered one of the major american abstract painters of the 20th century. Potter seemed to delight in sketching and painting the faces of local cocke countians.

ETHS curatorial staff visited the Potter family in Marion, North Carolina, to document the paintings and drawings, photographing 130 items over two days. A future project will be to identify the subjects of these paintings from 70-80 years ago and to locate their descendants.

ETHS curatorial staff traveled to Marion, North Carolina, where they met with the Potter family and documented the extensive collection. Here, curator

of collections Michele MacDonald documents artwork while volunteer photographer Dan MacDonald sets up the shot.

Newsline

A quarterly newsletter of the East Tennessee Historical Society601 S. Gay Street • P.O. Box 1629 • Knoxville, Tennessee 37901

Phone: 865-215-8824 Director & Editor ..................................................Cherel Henderson Editorial Assistants .................................................Adam Alfrey ...............................................................................Lisa Belleman ...............................................................................Diane Bohannon ...............................................................................William E. Hardy ...............................................................................Stephanie Henry .................................................................................. Michele MacDonald ...............................................................................Lisa N. Oakley

Volume 26, No. 1 - 2, Spring & Summer 201010

New to CollectionWilliam C. Anderson – set of 23 crocheted patterns hooked by Mattie

Florence McClain Ousley and four family members to use as reference pieces, c.1927-1930s, Union/Knox counties.

Anonymous – sword/scabbard and gloves from Tennessee Military Institute, c. 1958; mantle mirror, lard can, Dunlap Trunk Co. suitcase, Monroe/Knox counties.

David Ball – Odd Fellow quilt made/quilted by Barbara Anderson and daughter Zetta Anderson [Ball] using cotton grown on Hawkins County farm, 1935.

Brian Bonnyman – painting The Fouche Block by Russell Briscoe, 1974.

Frances L. (Nance) Butler – crib quilt made by Harriet Crumley Nance for her granddaughter, c.1926, Jefferson County.

Steve Cotham – handmade brick from house believed to have been Samuel Weare’s, c. 1790s, Sevier County.

Estate of Pollyanna Creekmore – china doll of Dillie G. Creekmore, late 19th century, Campbell County; quilt of Creekmore’s maternal aunt.

Niota Eggers – Rex-Nut ceramic bowl from White Stores, c. 1930s, Knox County.

Estate of Hester Freeman – pocket watch of Joe Freeman; table-top radio/phonograph, c. 1945; floor-model TV console, late 1950s.

Denice Garner – tank-top bathing suit of George C. Garner, c. 1930; bathing suit of Nelle Garner, c.1940; vintage JFG salad dressing jar; Blount County.

Dwight Kesse – Underwood portable typewriter from the Farragut Hotel, c. 1929, Knox County; Civil War-era ammunition.

Knoxville Utilities Board – business equipment used at KUB, 1920s-1930s.

Betty and Bob McFee family – carving of chain saw by James Bunch, 1981, Monroe County.

Patricia and Reuben Hunter – millstone from the Bowman Mill, c. 1895, Knox County.

Bernadette McMillan – dress made by Catherine Susong Gregory, 1915; Army uniform of Arthur Caleb Harrison, WWI, Greene County.

Jimmy Morrow – Jesus Name banner made by Jimmy Morrow and used in religious services, c. 1980; folk-art paintings with religious themes/serpent box/serpent cane/serpent-handling dolls made by Jimmy Morrow, 2009-2010, Cocke County.

Eugene Moser family – overmantel from James Agee family home, Victorian, Knox County.

Pepsi-Cola Company – contemporary Mountain Dew sign.Janet W. Postler – Barbie and Ken dolls with clothing and

accessories, 1960/1961, Knox County.Ellen Rochelle – paints and painting supplies of Russell Briscoe,

1950s-1970s, Knox County.Sue Roy – 1982 World’s Fair kite made by Ellen Plageman, Knox

County.Sarah Smith – light globe from Lenoir City residence, Victorian,

Loudon County.Joe Swann – hand-forged antebellum tools and Civil War spoon

excavated from Long Creek farm, Jefferson County; chair from “factory” in Old Chilhowie, Blount County.

Julia Webb – Army Air Corps uniforms of William Robert “Bob” Webb, WWII, Knox County.

Ed Wheeler – wool suit with Knoxville clothier label of Ephram Foster Wheeler, c. 1890, Campbell County.

Cornelia S. White – wedding dress/stockings/skirt of Cornelia Shelby Edwards, 1880s; pair of cotton cards; Singer treadle sewing machine, 1882, Union County.

Purchases funded by a grant from the State of Tennessee:school-girl landscape painting by Jane Morison, c. 1859, McMinn

county.Painting of magnolia blossoms by eleanor wiley, Knox county.commemorative teapot made at TVa ceramics research laboratory,

norris, 1937, anderson county.Painted bust portraits of william and Melinda wheeler carey

attributed to william stamms shackelford, c.1840, campbell county.

walnut pie safe, 2nd quarter 19th century, border of Greene and hawkins counties.

Paintings with Jewish themes by Ted Burnett, 1960s, Knox county.

American Enka and the modern labor movement in East Tennesseein 1948, american enka, a Dutch-owned rayon manufacturer, opened a plant at lowland, outside Morristown in hamblen

county. union organizers targeted the plant’s 6,000 workers as part of the cio’s postwar operation Dixie campaign to unionize the largely anti-union south. a year after american enka signed its first union contract with local 1054, workers walked out on a strike for higher wages. The 143-day strike led to violence, briefly capturing headlines and leading to u.s. congressional hearings.

American Enka and the Modern Labor Movement in East Tennessee will examine the conditions that led to the strike and its impact on local workers and will also feature photographs from the lewis hines collection. hines was an american sociologist and photographer whose work documented the working conditions of plants and mines, eventually influencing public opinion and labor laws, especially in the area of child labor.

Dr. Jennifer Brooks, associate professor of history at auburn university, is guest curator for the exhibit. Dr. Brooks holds a Ph.D. in history from the university of Tennessee. her expertise is in the history of the twentieth century america and the south, with a current focus on labor history. her interest in the enka story sprang from research for a book, Defining the Peace: World War II Veterans, Race, and the Remaking of Southern Political Tradition, published in 2004 by the university of north carolina Press. The exhibit is funded, in part, by a grant from the humanities Tennessee. Dates for the exhibit will be announced.

Volume 26, No. 1 - 2, Spring & Summer 2010 11

From the Grass Roots ∂ Fort Loudoun State Historic Area—Visit the fort this fall

for garrison weekends! Guests are invited to mingle with living history re-enactors and view an 18th century infirmary, soldier’s barracks, commander’s quarters, a blacksmith shop, and a cherokee encampment. Garrison weekend activities are currently scheduled for october 9-10, november 6-7, with an additional christmas garrison on December 4. for more information, call 423-884-6217 or see http://fortloudoun.com. flsha, 338 fort loudoun road, Vonore, Tn 37885.

∂ Historic Rugby—celebrate the holiday season at historic rugby! featured events include halloween haunts and tales featuring a chili dinner, lantern lit tours of historic buildings, and a festive bonfire. for Thanksgiving, begin your holiday shopping at the rugby commissary and shops. finally, celebrate the merriest of holidays with an 1880s rugby christmas, featuring caroling, shopping, and dinner. for pricing, reservations, and general event information, call 888-214-3400 or email info@historicrugby.org. hr, 5517 rugby hwy., rugby, Tn 37733.

∂ Hope Resource Center—historical novelist francine rivers will be the guest speaker for a luncheon at 11:30 a.m. on september 23 at the Knoxville Marriott, 500 hill ave. The price is $65. for more information, contact Tamara ownby at tamara@knoxvillehope.com.

∂ James White’s Fort—Ghost Tours will visit some of Downtown Knoxville’s scariest landmarks and best kept secrets. Tours depart from James white’s fort each night, october 25-29, and will end with a marshmallow roast. admission charge. reservations are requested for large groups of 12 or more and may be made by calling the fort at 865-525-6514. http://www.discoveret.org/jwf/. Jwf, 205 e. hill avenue, Knoxville, Tn 37915.

∂ Knoxville Civil War Round Table—civil war buffs are invited to join the Knoxville civil war round Table at the Bearden Banquet hall each month for dinner and a lecture. upcoming speakers and topics include: frank o’reilly (october); edwin c. Bearss (november); and James h. ogden (December). Monthly meetings begin at 7 p.m. with a buffet dinner followed by the meeting and lecture. The lecture-only portion may be attended for a reduced fee of $3 members, $5 non-members. for information or to make reservations, call 865- 671-9001 or visit http://www.discoveret.org/kcwrt/.

∂ McMinn County Living Heritage Museum—Temporary exhibits this fall include september 4-october 29, National Heritage Quilt Show: Once Upon a Time. The monthly Toddler Time introduces children to the wonderful world of history. for more information about these exhibits or activities, contact the museum at livingheritage@birch.net or call (423) 745-0329. MclhM, P.o. Box 889, 522 west Madison avenue, athens, Tn 37303.

∂ Museum of Appalachia—Visit the Museum of appalachia october 7-10 for the 31st annual Tennessee fall homecoming, one of the nation’s largest folk, music, and craft festivals, featuring numerous old-time craftspeople and demonstrators, southern-style food, and 400 nationally, regionally, and locally known musicians performing simultaneously on five stages. for information, call (865) 494-7680 or email at museum@museumofappalachia.org. www.museumofappalachia.org. Ma, 2819 andersonville hwy., clinton, Tn 37716.

∂ Old Gray Cemetery—stories of war, violence, kidnapping, and love await you during old Gray cemetery’s annual lantern and carriage Tour. The event is from 4-7 p.m., september 26, and includes carriage rides, refreshments, and re-enactors portraying some of the cemetery’s most prominent residents. for information, call (865) 522-1424 or visit www.discoveret.org/oldgray. oGc, 543 north Broadway, Knoxville, Tn 37917-7408.

∂ Rocky Mount Museum—in september, homeschool Days allow homeschool children to participate in rocky Mount’s tour and craft program. on october 16, celebrate the “spirit of the harvest,” with blacksmithing, apple butter and apple cider making, and storytelling. admission charge, with group rates available by reservation information: 888-538-1791 or email info@rockymountmuseum.com. rMM, 200 hyder hill rd., Piney flats, Tn 37686.

∂ Rogersville Heritage Association—rha sponsors heritage Days, a traditional community celebration, october 8-10, with fun, food, and fellowship, along with craft demonstrators and booths; wool spinning; pottery demonstrations; quilts; antique tractor and equipment shows; children’s costume parade; chili cook-off; and live entertainment. for information or a schedule of events, call (423) 272-1961 or visit www.rogersvilleheritage.org. rha, 415 south Depot st., rogersville, Tn 37857-3331.

∂ Sons of the American Revolution—a headstone Marker cemetery will be held october 16 at 11 a.m. at stock creek Baptist church cemetery to celebrate the lives of patriots reverend william Johnson, first moderator of the Tennessee Baptist association and Pvt. robert Johnson. Their descendants helped start many of the Baptist churches in this area and many of these descendants still attend these churches today. There will be a sar color guard in period dress and a revolutionary war ceremony with a bugler. among the several speakers are rick hollis of the Tennessee sons of american revolution state President, steve cotham and Doris Martinson from the east Tennessee history center, family members, and more. for information, contact Gloria Johnson at 281-364-9652 or ghjohns@msn.com.

∂ Tipton-Haynes State Historic Site—Thshs will host the “sorghum and scutching festival” on september 25, with a mule-run cane mill and demonstrations of the process of producing flax for spinning into linen thread. Music, old-time games, apple butter making, and other harvest activities will top-off the demonstrations. The event is from 10 a.m.-4 p.m. admission charge. Thshs, 2620 south roan st., Johnson city, Tn 37601.

East Tennessee preservation Conference

“Preserve it, and they will come” is the theme of the 2010 east Tennessee Preservation conference, october 8-9, 2010. learn smart strategies to make heritage tourism an important part of your community’s economy. speakers will include Tennessee commissioner of Tourism susan whitaker and other leading tourism professionals from across the southeast. among the topics are “The Power of Preservation in Tourism,” “Tennessee century farms and Tourism,” “southeast Tennessee civil war Driving Trail,” “Tennessee historic sites Program,” “using social Media effectively,” “Discover Tennessee Trails and Byways,” and a guided tours of rugby.

sponsored by the east Tennessee Preservation alliance and Knox heritage, the conference will be held at historic rugby, Tennessee. The $40 per person registration includes all sessions, guided rugby tours, friday night reception, snacks, conference material, and continental breakfasts friday and saturday. for more information on the conference and lodging, see www.knoxheritage.org. you may also call Knox heritage at 865-523-0938 or email info@knoxheritage.org.

12 Volume 25, No. 3 & 4, Winter 2009

Non-Profit Org.U.S. POSTAGE

P A I DPermit No. 341Knoxville, TN

P. o. BoX 1629KnoXVille,Tennessee37901

Address Service Requested

In the GalleryMuseum of east Tennessee history

601 s. Gay street, KnoxvilleExhibits: Monday-Friday, 9 a.m.-4 p.m.

Saturday, 10 a.m.- 4 p.m.Sunday, 1-5 p.m.

`

natalie l. haslam signature GalleryVoices of the Land: The People of East Tennessee

Three centuries of life in east TennesseeEast Tennessee Streetscape: The Corner Drug Store &

Streetcar No. 416

`

rogers-claussen feature GalleryThrough october 5

Vanishing Appalachia: Photographs by Don Dudenbostel, Field Recordings by Tom Jester

october 18-January 23, 2011

Bagels & Barbeque: The Jewish Experience in Tennessee

A traveling exhibition from the Tennessee State Museum

Welcome New membersCorporate Grand Benefactor: The Grill at highlands row, Knoxville

Affiliate: Daughters of union Veterans of the civil war, Knoxville

Patron: Jake harper, Knoxville; lisa M. Mcclain, strawberry Plains

Sustainer: foster D. arnett, Jr., Knoxville; sue whittle, Knoxville

Contributor: Dr. and Mrs. r. christopher Brooks, Knoxville; Donna hart Dudek, Knoxville; David Gensterblum, Knoxville; w. Thomas logan, Beaufort, sc; Kenneth and Janet Porter, newport; Jeffrey and Myra sharp, Knoxville; Georgiana Vines, Knoxville

Family: Mr. and Mrs. steve anderson, Knoxville; Jim and ann ashley, Knoxville; David Bechtel and Mary isaac, Knoxville; Bob Benz and lara edge, Knoxville; Mr. and Mrs. Daniel Berney, Jefferson city; william e. Bird, loudon; Mr. and Mrs. larry Bjorkland, Knoxville; Margery Brandon, Knoxville; Mr. and Mrs. richard Burke, hixson; Mr. and Mrs. ricky s. caplan, Knoxville; Mr. and Mrs. Bertram h. chalfant, Jr., Brentwood; christopher chandler, Knoxville; Jennifer chewick, Knoxville; sharon and Bill clegern, cincinnati, oh; Mr. and Mrs. emory collins, Knoxville; ron and susan Denton, rockford; claudia Post Depew, Maryville; Kermit Duckett, Knoxville; warren and Diane edwards, oak ridge; Mr. and Mrs. skip flanagon, Knoxville; Jamie n. fletcher, Knoxville; Maurice and Dottie Greene, Knoxville; stanton hadley, Knoxville; henry and Pat hardcastle, Knoxville; Dr. and Mrs. frank harris, Knoxville; Mark and catherine hill, Knoxville; Marvin house, Blaine; charles and sandra huddleston, Knoxville; charles and Patti Johnson, Townsend; indya Kincannon, Knoxville; stephanie Kirkland, fayetteville, ar; chip Mcclanahan, roswell, Ga; Ginger Milligan and Vaughn Bush, Knoxville; Pastor and Mrs. Jimmy Morrow, Del rio; william a. Medcalf, sharps chapel; Tom and ellen Morgan, Knoxville; David and Marlene nichols, clemson, sc; Phillip and elaine Powell, Knoxville; andy

and Michele Purcell, Knoxville; Joe reed, houston, TX; Betty rhodes, napa, ca; Mr. and Mrs. John saczawa, Maryville; Beth and Bob stivers, Knoxville; Brenda Thoms, Kingston; Phillip D. Tipton, Knoxville; Dalton and carolyn Townsend, Knoxville; Darrell and rhonda Vandergriff, lafollette; Jack T. walker, Bedford, in

Individual: Jason amburn, Knoxville; catherine w. anglin, Knoxville; Michael chesney, rutherfordton, nc; Maxine D. chesser, Buford, Ga; Billy Devine, west Palm Beach, fl; charles l. Dinsmore, anniston, al; Betty l. Donahue, Jacksonville, fl; Betty c. eason, Powell; linda e. farrington, Knoxville; Tamira c. fichtl, huntsville, al; shirley fields, avon, in; Jacquelyn Garrison, chattanooga; sandy Gillespie, Knoxville; Michelle Goodrum, Mexa, aZ; Jacqueline l. Goodwin, Pigeon forge; laura Gray, Moorpark, ca; sandy Gray, columbus, Ga; lori Greene, Jonesborough; richard hall, corryton; David headrick, Knoxville; Drew hines, Greer, sc; Bill hogan, Knoxville; Doloros B. horne, Jonesborough; Patricia f. hunter, Knoxville; Debbie Jackson, Knoxville; Paul James, Knoxville; Mary r. Jeffers, Knoxville; Dee Jellicorse, Greensboro, nc; Dr. Basia Jenkins, Knoxville; Janis Johnson, wichita, Ks; Dr. Bradley s. Keefer, ashtabula, oh; Judith l. lamb, Barling, ar; Marte lawrence, Maryville; John lewis, antioch; Judy loest, Knoxville; heather luttrell, Knoxville; linda Mccauley, Mount Vernon, Ky; Z. chris McMillan, Knoxville; George r. Mitchell, Pine Bluff, ar; Mary D. Montgomery, roswell, nM; faye oneal, Knoxville; annie Parrott, Knoxville; susan Perong, steilacoom, wa; Mary heiskell Price, santa Barbara, ca; Dr. aaron D. Purcell, Blacksburg, Va; Prof. charles ritcheson, washington, Dc; Phyllis a. robbins, Knoxville; Marcia P. roberts, Knoxville; Vicki Bell rozema, Knoxville; Gary Grayson russell, Maryville; fernando sanchez, Jr., Vonore; Bailey sharp, Knoxville; Judy starr, quemado, nM; sharon simnacher, clovis, nM; General carl w. stiner, lafollette; lucinda r. waters, Mt. Juliet; robin K. white, lenoir city; John r. williams, Marysville, oh; Gena wilson, alcoa

Student: James Burke, hixson; Penny G. howell, Powell