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Chapter Assessment 3
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Section 1 Australia
Location Why is Australia called the Land Down Under?
It is called the Land Down Under because it is in the Southern Hemisphere.
Chapter Assessment 5
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Economics What does Australia lead the world in producing and exporting?
Australia leads the world in producing and exporting wool.
Section 1 Australia
Chapter Assessment 6
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History What country colonized Australia?
Great Britain colonized Australia.
Section 1 Australia
Section 2-13
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• People called the Maoris are the natives of New Zealand.
• They probably came from islands far to the northeast.
• In the 1800s, British settlers arrived.
• In the 1860s, a war broke out between the British and Maoris, which the Maoris lost.
• New Zealand became a British Colony (pages 645–646)
New Zealand’s History and People
Section 2-14
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• In 1893 the colony became the first land to give women the right to vote.
• New Zealand was also among the first places in which the government gave help to people who were old, sick, or out of work.
• New Zealand became independent in 1907.
• Wellington is the country’s capital.
• Main Sport - Rugby
New Zealand’s History and People(cont.)
(pages 645–646)
Section 2-15
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What type of government does New Zealand have?
New Zealand has a parliamentary democracy in which elected representatives choose a prime minister to head the government.
(pages 645–646)
Section 2-5
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(pages 643–644)
New Zealand’s Land
• In contrast to Australia’s flat, dry land, New Zealand is mountainous and very green.
• Its climate is mild and wet.
• New Zealand consists of two main islands–North Island and South Island–and many smaller islands.
• On North Island you find geysers, or hot springs that spout hot steam and water through a crack in the earth.
Section 2-11
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• New Zealand sits on top of the molten rock that forms volcanoes.
• As a result, it is rich in geothermal energy, electricity produced from steam.
• The major source of energy, however, is hydroelectric power—electricity generated by flowing water.
(page 645)
New Zealand’s Economy (cont.)
Section 2-7
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• The Southern Alps run along South Island’s western coast.
• Glaciers lie on mountain slopes above green forests and sparkling blue lakes.
• These glaciers once cut deep fjords, or steep-sided valleys, into the mountains.
New Zealand’s Land (cont.)
(pages 643–644)
Section 2-9
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(page 645)
New Zealand’s Economy
• New Zealand has a thriving agricultural economy.
• Wool and lamb meat are important exports. 2nd largest producer of wool in the world.
Section 2-8
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What is New Zealand’s national symbol?
New Zealand has unique wildlife. A flightless bird called the kiwi is the national symbol.
(pages 643–644)
Section 2-10
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• New Zealand’s dependence on trade brings both benefits and dangers.
• If the economies of other countries are growing quickly, demand for goods from New Zealand will rise.
• If the other economies slow, however, they will buy fewer products.
• This can cause hardship on the islands.
New Zealand’s Economy (cont.)
(page 645)
Section 2-15
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What type of government does New Zealand have?
New Zealand has a parliamentary democracy in which elected representatives choose a prime minister to head the government.
(pages 645–646)
Section 2-18
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Recalling Facts
Region How do New Zealand’s land and climate compare to Australia’s?
New Zealand is smaller, more mountainous, and wetter than Australia.
Chapter Assessment 9
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Section 2 New Zealand
History When did New Zealand gain its independence from Britain?
New Zealand gained its independence from Britain in 1907.
Chapter Assessment 10
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Section 2 New Zealand
Economics Why can New Zealand’s economy suffer if other countries have economic problems?
New Zealand’s economy can suffer because it depends heavily on trade. If other countries’ economies suffer, theywill be less willing to buy goods from New Zealand.
Chapter Assessment 12
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Section 2 New Zealand
Human/Environment Interaction What leisure activities do New Zealanders enjoy that are made possible by the country’s climate?
New Zealanders enjoy camping, hiking, hunting, boating, and mountain climbing.
Section 2-19
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Economics What two animal products are important exports for New Zealand?
Wool and lamb meat are important exports.
Recalling Facts (cont.)
Section 2-20
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History Most of New Zealand’s people are descendants of settlers from what European country?
They are descendants of settlers from the United Kingdom.
Recalling Facts (cont.)
Section 2-21
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Analyzing Information Why do you think New Zealand’s government guarantees the Maoris a certain number of seats in the parliament?
Possible answer: The government guarantees the Maoris seats to protect their rights.
Critical Thinking
Section 2-22
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Making Predictions With so many different peoples settling in New Zealand, how do you think the country’s culture might change?
Possible answer: The country will probably develop a more diverse culture.
Critical Thinking (cont.)
