New trends in migration – demographic aspects

Factoring migration into development planning

EU-Moldova Mobility Partnership as a tool for supporting national development and migration mainstreaming processes

17 January 2013Chisinau

EU-Moldova Mobility Partnership Objectives:

Facilitating well-managed legal migration opportunities and their benefits

Fighting illegal migration, protecting refugees and tackling the root causes of migration

Investments of migrant remittances and local area support

Limiting negative effects of migration

National Migration Management System consolidation;

Reintegration and return programs Diaspora consolidation Enhancing the cooperation between

EU and Moldova in migration sphere Visa dialogue Social protection benefits

MP as a GAMM tool:

1. Better organising legal migration and fostering well-managed mobility;

2. Preventing and combating illegal migration and eradicating trafficking in human beings;

3. Maximising the development impact of migration and mobility;

4. Promoting international protection and enhancing the external dimension of asylum.

+ Allows strengthening of the cooperation in the wide range of areas of Justice and Home Affairs.

EU-Moldova Mobility Partnership Tool of the EU Global Approach of Migration and Mobility

Partners: European CommissionFRONTEXEuropean Training Foundation

15 EU Member States: BulgariaCzech RepublicCyprusFranceGermanyGreeceHungaryItalyLithuaniaPolandPortugalRomaniaSlovakiaSloveniaSweden

Sources of financing:

ENPI

EU Thematic Programme for Cooperation with third countries in the areas of migration and asylum

Bilateral financial assistance from the EU member states

National sources

85 initiatives/projects

Pilot Evaluation of the EU-MD Mobility Partnership First comprehensive assessment of the EU-Mobility Partnership as a policy and a

tool of the EU GAMM

New methodology of evaluation (15 EU MS, EU Institutions, 15 MD National Institutions, International Organisations,11 migrant organisations and academia)

Exercise which could serve as a precedent for the countries which a implementing Mobility Partnerships with EU

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Evaluation main findings & Recommendations: Helped Government to achieve their priorities in the field of migration and mobility

Led to a prioritisation of funding

Improved the coordination and efficiency of project work, as it avoided duplicating efforts

Led to a clearer identification of counterparts, and a clearer identification of the partners’ needs

Strengthened policy coherence in the spirit of the GAMM

The need to continue, even more, investment in human resources

The need to involve beneficiary institutions in coordination, starting with the project planning phase

More targeted initiatives for cooperation should be introduced

Should be greater focus on the sustainability of initiatives

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Extended Migration Profile EMP as an activity within the EU-Moldova Mobility Partnership

Implemented by IOM – Moldova and funded by the European Union

National coordination: Inter-agency Technical Working Group  (all the institutions & authorities involved) and National Commission for Population and Development 

The EMP Template, EMP list of Indicators and a set of definitions was approved by the Government on 25 August 2012.

The Bureau for Migration and Asylum (Ministry of Interior of the Republic of Moldova) was designated as the coordinating authority responsible for the future development and annual update of the Moldovan EMP.

The first Report was presented within the 4th meeting of the EMP Technical Working Group (24 October 2012) on the future of the EMP

The first EMP Report for Moldova will be published in early 2013

Next steps – inter and intra agency consultations and training on “From Evidence to Policies”

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Specific features of the Extended Migration Profile exercise in Moldova

 

1. National ownership 

2. Contribution to the regular monitoring and evaluation of the implementation of the EU-Moldova Mobility Partnership (the EMP contributed to the recently concluded evaluation of the impact produced by the MP)

3. Improvement of data exchange with destination countries 

4. Support to the implementation of the commitments undertaken by the Republic of Moldova under the Visa Dialogue with the EU

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Main findings of the first EMP Report Permanent migration continues to be an issue for MD (trends towards decreasing have been recorded)

Involuntary emigration registered a significant decrease by 2010 as compared to 2005

Temporary migration has two main characteristics: educational migration and economic migration

Circular migration is highlighted. (Main destination countries: Russian Federation and Italy, followed by Turkey, Israel, Ukraine and Portugal)

A positive dynamics is registered for the readmission

The national legal and regulatory framework is largely in place. Very good progress on laying down a comprehensive basis for an efficient migration management system.

Progress has been made in various areas of migration management: facilitating migration (return, management of Moldova’s labour market, conclusion of bilateral labour and social protection agreements)

Moldova’s asylum system improved, regulating migration (border security strengthened, document security improved, short-term mobility promoted through facilitating of issuance of short-stay visas)

The initiative of establishing the  Bureau for Relations with Diaspora  launched this year will support Moldovan Diaspora Associations abroad and improve their linkages with the country of origin.

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Mainstreaming migration into development strategies

Implementation of the Joint Pilot Programme Mainstreaming of Migration into Development in Moldova (MOMID)

Implemented with the support of Global Migration Group, UNDP, IOM and Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation

Stakeholder mapping

Information collection and preliminary analysis - Compendium of existing information on the migration management framework and policy coherence and preliminary analysis

A more concise and adapted version of the GMG Handbook would be developed, including concrete existing examples of migration and development programming consistent with the national context.

Migration Mainstreaming Checklist - offering policy-review guidelines from migration and development perspective to line ministry policy specialists and State Chancellery officials reviewing draft policy documents.

A module on Migration and Development included within the Universities Curricula

The main output is a Migration Mainstreaming Proposal in line with the National Development Strategy – Moldova 2020.

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Migration in national development documents

EGPRSP (2004-2007) NDS (2008-2011) Moldova 2020

- No specific data on migration

- Mentioned only as a factor of poverty reduction (due to remittances)

- The only policy regarding migration: promoting legal migration of labor force

- Migration taken into account as one of demographic problem

- It is the cause of qualified labor force deficit

- Reflected in few policies on:

o Human traffickingo Border managemento Education, better

connected to labor market

- Migration is at the heart of Moldova 2020

- Migration effects are treated as the main drivers of economic growth

- Migration is mainstreamed across the strategy

- Priorities are going to have direct positive impact on migration phenomena

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Global Forum for Migration and Development MD participated in all GFMD meetings: 2007 Belgium, 2008 Philippines, 2009 Greece, 2010

Mexico, 2011 Switzerland, 2012 Mauritius

MD hosted the GFMD 2011 Thematic Meeting on Mainstreaming Migration into Strategic Policy Development

- presentation of the Handbook on ‘Mainstreaming Migration into Development Planning’ - methodological guidance on mainstreaming of migration to discussion of mainstreaming in

various policy sectors, such as education, health and employment).

MD committed to continue to work with Swedish Chair - in - office in 2013 in order to:- build and strengthen the migration and development nexus- identify ways and concrete actions on how to reinforce the development dimension in the

GFMD- unlock the potential of migration for inclusive development- better define and operationalize migration as an enabler for inclusive economic and social

development with a view to integrate it in the post-2015 UN development agenda

Lessons Learnt & Recommandations

Tailor shape tools/process to the interests and priorities of the Country

The key of the success in developing evidence based polices is the coordination & inclusion

Always consider that development through migration mainstreaming is a process

Continue work on strengthening capacities of national authorities working on migration

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Thank you!

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