New Testament Theology I. Jesus and the Gospels. A. The Kingdom of God 1. What the Kingdom is not. 1. What the Kingdom is not. 2. An overview of the Kingdom

New Testament TheologyNew Testament Theology

I. Jesus and the Gospels I. Jesus and the Gospels

A. The Kingdom of GodA. The Kingdom of God

1. What the Kingdom is not.1. What the Kingdom is not.2. An overview of the Kingdom2. An overview of the Kingdom

It is a present reality- Matt. 3:2; 4:14It is a present reality- Matt. 3:2; 4:14 It is a kingdom in which one must live as a It is a kingdom in which one must live as a

member; I Cor. 4:8-11member; I Cor. 4:8-11 It is fully formed in future life Luke; 22:16-18It is fully formed in future life Luke; 22:16-18

3. The form of the Kingdom3. The form of the Kingdom4. The KoG and the Ko Heaven are 4. The KoG and the Ko Heaven are

synonyms. Matt. 19:23-24synonyms. Matt. 19:23-24

A. Kingdom of GodA. Kingdom of God

5. The Kingdom is one of destruction of 5. The Kingdom is one of destruction of evil. Matt. 12:28-29; Luke 11:20-22evil. Matt. 12:28-29; Luke 11:20-22

6. The Kingdom is one of proclamation. 6. The Kingdom is one of proclamation. Mark 1:14-18Mark 1:14-18

7. The Kingdom was originally Israel (the 7. The Kingdom was originally Israel (the nation). Matt. 21:43-45nation). Matt. 21:43-45

8. The saving power and work of Christ 8. The saving power and work of Christ show that the KoH is already/notyet.show that the KoH is already/notyet.

B. ParablesB. Parables

1. How do we not read into the text?1. How do we not read into the text?2. Use controls of method (e.g., 2. Use controls of method (e.g.,

Blomberg).Blomberg).3. Look for the big picture of the parable.3. Look for the big picture of the parable.4. Look at the main characters of the 4. Look at the main characters of the

parable.parable.5. Look for the “end stress” or “reversal” 5. Look for the “end stress” or “reversal”

of the parable.of the parable.

C. God-Jesus teaches about his C. God-Jesus teaches about his FatherFather

1. God as Creator; Mark 13:191. God as Creator; Mark 13:192. God as Sustainer of his people and the 2. God as Sustainer of his people and the

world; John 5:17; Matt. 5:45world; John 5:17; Matt. 5:453. God as Father; Prodigal son- Luke 153. God as Father; Prodigal son- Luke 154. God as King-Matt. 184. God as King-Matt. 185. God as Judge-Matt 18, 24; 255. God as Judge-Matt 18, 24; 256. God as Redeemer-he adopts, redeems, 6. God as Redeemer-he adopts, redeems,

etc.etc.

D. Miracles of JesusD. Miracles of Jesus

1. Terms for Miracles1. Terms for Miraclese;rgae;rga “work” (at least 12x in Gos. as miracle, “work” (at least 12x in Gos. as miracle,

does not always mean miracledoes not always mean miracledu,namijdu,namij “power” (7x in Gos. as miracle) “power” (7x in Gos. as miracle)shmei/ronshmei/ron “sign” (48x in Syn. 17x in John) “sign” (48x in Syn. 17x in John)te,rajte,raj “omen, wonder” this is always in the “omen, wonder” this is always in the

plural and always with plural and always with shmei/onshmei/on (16x in the (16x in the NT, 3x in the Gos.NT, 3x in the Gos.

D. MiraclesD. Miracles 2. Definition- 2. Definition- An event brought about by a An event brought about by a

special act of Godspecial act of God. There is much . There is much disagreement about the definition beyond this disagreement about the definition beyond this minimum. Some thinkers argue that a miracle minimum. Some thinkers argue that a miracle must involve an exception to the must involve an exception to the laws of naturelaws of nature or (perhaps alternatively) involve some event or (perhaps alternatively) involve some event that exceeds the natural powers or capacities of that exceeds the natural powers or capacities of natural things. Others insist that a miracle is natural things. Others insist that a miracle is recognizable primarily by its revelatory power as recognizable primarily by its revelatory power as a a sign that shows something about God or sign that shows something about God or God’s purposesGod’s purposes and that such events do not and that such events do not have to be scientifically inexplicable. .have to be scientifically inexplicable. .

D. MiraclesD. Miracles

3. Number of Miracles3. Number of MiraclesThere are at least 30 different miracles.There are at least 30 different miracles.For a list of miracles see For a list of miracles see Charts of the Charts of the

Gospels and the Life of ChristGospels and the Life of Christ, , DJGDJG, etc., etc.


4. Categories of Miracles4. Categories of Miraclesa. Healing- evil spirits and physical a. Healing- evil spirits and physical

problemsproblemsb. Nature- stilling of storm, feeding of b. Nature- stilling of storm, feeding of

5,000, walking on water, coin in fish mouth5,000, walking on water, coin in fish mouthc. Resurrection- at least 3 (not counting c. Resurrection- at least 3 (not counting

the people raised at crucifixion); Jairus’ the people raised at crucifixion); Jairus’ daughter* - Matt. 9; Widow’s son- Luke daughter* - Matt. 9; Widow’s son- Luke 7:11; Lazarus- John 11.7:11; Lazarus- John 11.


5. Significance of Miracles5. Significance of Miraclesa. Miracles are done as signs that testify a. Miracles are done as signs that testify

to Jesus’ person and mission. Jn. 20:30-to Jesus’ person and mission. Jn. 20:30-31; Matt. 11:2-6; Lk 7:18-23; 11:20-2231; Matt. 11:2-6; Lk 7:18-23; 11:20-22

b. Miracles are not done for display apart b. Miracles are not done for display apart from the mission of Jesus. Mt. 12:38fffrom the mission of Jesus. Mt. 12:38ff

6. Lazarus’ significance- John 116. Lazarus’ significance- John 117. Mark 8:11-217. Mark 8:11-21

E. ChristologyE. Christology

1. The Son of Man1. The Son of Mana. Statistics-The most often used title by a. Statistics-The most often used title by

Jesus himself (80-82x in Gospels; 69 in Jesus himself (80-82x in Gospels; 69 in Syn.; 13 in John)Syn.; 13 in John)

b. OT Background-Daniel 7:13-14; cf. Mk. b. OT Background-Daniel 7:13-14; cf. Mk. 8:38, 13:26; Matt. 10:23, 16:27, 19:288:38, 13:26; Matt. 10:23, 16:27, 19:28


c. What is the significance of Dan. 7?c. What is the significance of Dan. 7? ““I kept looking in the night visions, And I kept looking in the night visions, And

behold, with the clouds of heaven One like behold, with the clouds of heaven One like a Son of Man was coming, And He came a Son of Man was coming, And He came up to the Ancient of Days And was up to the Ancient of Days And was presented before Him. presented before Him.

d. Settings for use of the termd. Settings for use of the termWhy was this title chosen by Christ?Why was this title chosen by Christ?What are the implications of this title?What are the implications of this title?


2. (second title) Messiah/The Christ2. (second title) Messiah/The Christa. Statistics: Not nearly as common as a. Statistics: Not nearly as common as

SoMan but is used by all four gospels (37x SoMan but is used by all four gospels (37x in Syn. 18x in John)in Syn. 18x in John)

b. OT Background- the anointing of a king b. OT Background- the anointing of a king or a prophetor a prophet

c. Usage by Jesus in the Gospels- Jesus c. Usage by Jesus in the Gospels- Jesus accepts the title, but it is use more often in accepts the title, but it is use more often in the epistles.the epistles.


3. Son of God3. Son of Goda. Statistics: Jesus applies this title to a. Statistics: Jesus applies this title to

himself infrequently (Matt. 11:27; 22:41-himself infrequently (Matt. 11:27; 22:41-46)46)Why so infrequent?Why so infrequent?Why not the designation “God?” Jesus is Why not the designation “God?” Jesus is

called God explicitly only once in the Gospels: called God explicitly only once in the Gospels: John 20:28John 20:28

b. The term Fatherb. The term Father


3. Son of God3. Son of Godc. Other “Son” titles and their usagec. Other “Son” titles and their usaged. OT Backgroundd. OT Background

Birth narratives- Luke 1:32; II Sam. 7:13-14Birth narratives- Luke 1:32; II Sam. 7:13-14Baptism- Mk. 1:11; Isa 42:1Baptism- Mk. 1:11; Isa 42:1Transfiguration- Matt. 17:5Transfiguration- Matt. 17:5

e. Jesus self-testimonye. Jesus self-testimony


3. Son of God3. Son of God f. The “I have come” passages- Mk. 2:17, f. The “I have come” passages- Mk. 2:17,

10:45,10:45,The Son in the Gospel of JohnThe Son in the Gospel of John

1:1-3, 3:16-18, 16:28, 10:30 “I and my Father 1:1-3, 3:16-18, 16:28, 10:30 “I and my Father are one”are one”


4. (titles) Lord 4. (titles) Lord ku,riojku,rioja. Meanings- the word can have several a. Meanings- the word can have several

different meanings, therefore it does not different meanings, therefore it does not mean God every time it is used.mean God every time it is used.

b. OT usage- The LXX renders the b. OT usage- The LXX renders the tetregamiton (Yahweh) 6156x, it is also tetregamiton (Yahweh) 6156x, it is also used to translate “adoni”used to translate “adoni”

c. Examples of its use- I Pet. 3:6, Eph. 6:5c. Examples of its use- I Pet. 3:6, Eph. 6:5


4. Lord (title)4. Lord (title)d. Jesus’ use of the wordd. Jesus’ use of the wordKey passage is Matt. 22:41-46 which is a Key passage is Matt. 22:41-46 which is a

quotation of Psalm 110quotation of Psalm 110Mark 2:27-28-Jesus is Lord of the SabbathMark 2:27-28-Jesus is Lord of the SabbathLuke 2- numbers of usesLuke 2- numbers of usesJohn comes to prepare the way of the LordJohn comes to prepare the way of the LordMatt. 7:21- This term is more than just a Matt. 7:21- This term is more than just a

polite greetingpolite greeting

F. The Work of ChristF. The Work of Christ

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New Testament Theology I. Jesus and the Gospels. A. The Kingdom of God 1. What the Kingdom is not. 1. What the Kingdom is not. 2. An overview of the Kingdom