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03/06/2012
1
New technologies for a New technologies for a ggsustainable pesticide applicationsustainable pesticide application
Training & technology together
Prof. Emilio Gil
Department of Agri Food Engineering and Biotechnology
Unidad de Mecanización Agrariawww.uma.deab.upc.edu
Polytechnic University of Catalonia
Workshop on Pesticide application equipment Novi Sad (Serbia) June 2012
Dose reduction according EU DirectiveDose reduction according EU Directive
Environmentally use of PPP
Operator’ s safety
Other developments for a better use
Unidad de Mecanización Agrariawww.uma.deab.upc.edu
03/06/2012
2
Dose reduction according EU DirectiveDose reduction according EU Directive
Environmentally use of PPP
Operator’ s safety
Other developments for a better use
Unidad de Mecanización Agrariawww.uma.deab.upc.edu
All the recommended procedures, for both dose expression andvolume rate, are based in some canopy characteristic or dimensions:
Canopy characteristics: key pointCanopy characteristics: key point
Canopy height (LWA)Canopy width (TRV)Canopy densityLeaf surface…
Unidad de Mecanización Agrariawww.uma.deab.upc.edu
03/06/2012
3
Two options for canopy measurementsTwo options for canopy measurements
Simple & Easy Complex & Difficult
(k /h)( )
600 x (l/min) Q(l/ha) V TRV (m3/ha)
(km/h) x v(m) a
(km/h) x v(m)h
600 x (l/min) Q)m (l/10.000 V 2
TRD (m2/m3)
LAI (m2/m2)
Unidad de Mecanización Agrariawww.uma.deab.upc.edu
Whatever adopted method must be “realistic and Whatever adopted method must be “realistic and directly applicable” by the userdirectly applicable” by the user
Canopy characterizationCanopy characterization
Two different methods have been developed forautomatic/electronic canopy characterization in order toadapt the volume rate according canopy dimensions
The Optimal Coverage Method The Wine Row Volume Method
Unidad de Mecanización Agrariawww.uma.deab.upc.edu
03/06/2012
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Two methods proposedTwo methods proposed
The Optimal Coverage Methodp g
DOSAVIÑA, software developed including a widedatabase on canopy characteristics (Leaf Area),spray typology, pesticide type and weatherconditions
The Wine Row Volume Method
A VARIABLE RATE PROTOTYPE has been
Unidad de Mecanización Agrariawww.uma.deab.upc.edu
A VARIABLE RATE PROTOTYPE has beendeveloped for a selective application accordingcanopy structure.
Unidad de Mecanización Agrariawww.uma.deab.upc.edu
03/06/2012
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DOSAVIÑA principleDOSAVIÑA principle
Target: leaf surfaceleaf surfaceEfficiencysprayer equipmentsprayer equipment
Pest/disease Pesticide
Objective: impacts/cmimpacts/cm22
K102
VMDπ
3
4DLAI2V 7
3
iT
Efficiencyweather conditionsweather conditions
Unidad de Mecanización Agrariawww.uma.deab.upc.edu
E
VV T
R Data baseVarieties
Crop stagesZones
The user’s opinion… the most important “impact factor”The user’s opinion… the most important “impact factor”
Unidad de Mecanización Agrariawww.uma.deab.upc.edu
http://www.cals.cornell.edu/cals/grapesandwine/appellation-cornell/issue-5/upload/Landers-Research-Focus-2011-1.pdf
03/06/2012
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Area
CCw
Area/height Volume/time
The concept of WRVThe concept of WRV
Ch
V2 (m3·min-1)
V1
V3
Unidad de Mecanización Agrariawww.uma.deab.upc.edu
V (km·h-1)
CH
CV1
CV2
CL
eCW
CV3
di
Unidad de Mecanización Agrariawww.uma.deab.upc.edu
r/2
60
1000)()()(3)()min(l q
11
1-
mlihkmvmhmedD ii
03/06/2012
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GPSOn/OFF valves
GPSOn/OFF valves
Router Wi-FiRouter Wi-Fi
Variable Rate Application in vineyard Variable Rate Application in vineyard (Research project funded by Ministry of Science, Spain)
Flow meter
US Sensors
Solenoid valves
Flow meter
US Sensors
Solenoid valves cFP
Rugged computer
Computer
cFPRugged
computer
Computer
Unidad de Mecanización Agrariawww.uma.deab.upc.edu
Pressure sensors
Pressure sensors
c computerc computer
Based on the Vine Row Volume concept
Ethernet (RJ-45)
PC CONTROLA A C A 3384
COMPACT FIELDPOINT
National Instruments cFP-2120
Software:LABVIEW® 8.5
GPS ANTENA
Serial Port (RS-232)Sate
llit
e C
omm
unic
atio
n
Software:LABVIEW® 8.5
LIDARSCAN® v.1
ADVANTECH ARK 3384
cFP-AI-100 cFP-AO-210 cFP -CTR-50 cFP-DIO-550
GPS agGPS 332TRIMBLE
C
Signal 0-10 VCC
S0 o
Si l
Unidad de Mecanización Agrariawww.uma.deab.upc.edu
Signal 0-10 mA Signal 0-10 VCC
Signal
or 5 VC
C
Signal0 or 12 VCC
03/06/2012
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Canopy measurements using LIDARCanopy measurements using LIDAR
Unidad de Mecanización Agrariawww.uma.deab.upc.edu
Ultrasonic and LIDAR Sensors for Electronic Canopy Characterization in Vineyards: Advances to Improve Pesticide: Application Methods Sensors 2011, 11, 2177-2194; doi:10.3390/s110202177
ISAFRUIT ProjectISAFRUIT ProjectINCREASING FRUIT CONSUMPTION THROUGH A TRANS-DISCIPLINARYAPPROACH DELIVERING HIGH QUALITY PRODUCE FROMENVIRONMENTALLY FRIENDLY, SUSTAINABLE PRODUCTION METHODS
Unidad de Mecanización Agrariawww.uma.deab.upc.edu
03/06/2012
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Crop Identification SystemCrop Identification System
Unidad de Mecanización Agrariawww.uma.deab.upc.edu
Important pesticide reduction in spray applications in public
Unidad de Mecanización Agrariawww.uma.deab.upc.edu
applications in public gardens in The Netherlands(University of Wageningen)
03/06/2012
10
Dose reduction according EU DirectiveDose reduction according EU Directive
Environmentally use of PPP
Operator’ s safety
Other developments for a better use
Unidad de Mecanización Agrariawww.uma.deab.upc.edu
GPS for identify sensible areasGPS for identify sensible areas
Unidad de Mecanización Agrariawww.uma.deab.upc.edu
03/06/2012
11
EDAS EDAS -- Environmentally Dependent Application SystemEnvironmentally Dependent Application System
Unidad de Mecanización Agrariawww.uma.deab.upc.edu
www.isafruit.org
Control drift in orchard sprayersControl drift in orchard sprayers
Unidad de Mecanización Agrariawww.uma.deab.upc.edu
03/06/2012
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Air deflectors Air deflectors –– Drift control improvementsDrift control improvements
Unidad de Mecanización Agrariawww.uma.deab.upc.edu
Variation or air section
Unidad de Mecanización Agrariawww.uma.deab.upc.edu
03/06/2012
13
Sprayers cleaning system Sprayers cleaning system –– key for environment protectionkey for environment protection
Unidad de Mecanización Agrariawww.uma.deab.upc.edu
Developments for boom controlDevelopments for boom control
Unidad de Mecanización Agrariawww.uma.deab.upc.edu
03/06/2012
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Optimum boom height: 35-50 cm
Influence of boom heightInfluence of boom height
Unidad de Mecanización Agrariawww.uma.deab.upc.edu
Individual nozzle control Individual nozzle control –– avoid overlappingavoid overlapping
Unidad de Mecanización Agrariawww.uma.deab.upc.edu
The 1 metre part-width section in conjunction with 1 GPS Switch.
GPS-Switch reatures savings at operating costs of 3% to 8% compared to the manual switching
The reduction of the part-width sections from 3
metres to 1 metre may result in savings of another
1-2 %!
03/06/2012
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Automatic regulation of boom heigth and stabilityAutomatic regulation of boom heigth and stability
WIĄZKA
Unidad de Mecanización Agrariawww.uma.deab.upc.edu
WIĄZKA ULTRADŹWIĘKOWA
Automatic control of boom sections and boom heigthAutomatic control of boom sections and boom heigth
Unidad de Mecanización Agrariawww.uma.deab.upc.edu
03/06/2012
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Nozzle development Nozzle development Continuous changes and improvementsContinuous changes and improvements
Nozzle is responsible of most of the spray quality pattern. In the last years many new developments have been
Unidad de Mecanización Agrariawww.uma.deab.upc.edu
y ppresented in order to improve efficacy and efficiency
Air injection nozzlesAir injection nozzles
Bigger droplets with the same efficacy
Unidad de Mecanización Agrariawww.uma.deab.upc.edu
03/06/2012
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Unidad de Mecanización Agrariawww.uma.deab.upc.edu
Well adapted for dense canopy to increase
Doble flat fan nozzlesDoble flat fan nozzles
penetration (horticulture). Good filter maintenance is required
Unidad de Mecanización Agrariawww.uma.deab.upc.edu
¡HIGH RISK OF DRIFT due to small droplet size
03/06/2012
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Unidad de Mecanización Agrariawww.uma.deab.upc.edu
Dose reduction according EU DirectiveDose reduction according EU Directive
Environmentally use of PPP
Operator’ s safety
Other developments for a better use
Unidad de Mecanización Agrariawww.uma.deab.upc.edu
03/06/2012
19
Sprayers cleaning system Sprayers cleaning system –– key for environment protectionkey for environment protection
Automatic control for sprayer cleanerIndependent cleaner pumpLess water consume
Unidad de Mecanización Agrariawww.uma.deab.upc.edu
Less water consumeEasy to use
Reduced dead volumeEasy mixing tankErgonomic design
Unidad de Mecanización Agrariawww.uma.deab.upc.edu
Extra boom height for maize (Amazone)
03/06/2012
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Less operator’s contaminationLess operator’s contamination
Unidad de Mecanización Agrariawww.uma.deab.upc.edu
Improvement spray technologies in greenhousesImprovement spray technologies in greenhouses
Unidad de Mecanización Agrariawww.uma.deab.upc.edu
03/06/2012
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Vegetación LWA TRV
Unidad de Mecanización Agrariawww.uma.deab.upc.edu
❶ 15.000 m2/Ha 2.250 m3/Ha
❷ 12.500 m2/Ha 1875 m3/Ha
❸ 10.000 m2/Ha 1500 m3/Ha
❹ 15.000 m2/Ha 2.250 m3/Ha
Promedio de ❷❸❹ 12.500 m2/Ha 1875 m3/Ha
Analysis of artificial vegetation (LWA & TRV)
Dose reduction according EU DirectiveDose reduction according EU Directive
Environmentally use of PPP
Operator’ s safety
Other developments for a better use
Unidad de Mecanización Agrariawww.uma.deab.upc.edu
03/06/2012
22
Environmentally safe sprayersEnvironmentally safe sprayers
Unidad de Mecanización Agrariawww.uma.deab.upc.edu
http://prototype.topps-eos.org/?LANG=EN
Drift diagnosis tool Drift diagnosis tool –– TOPPS PROWADISTOPPS PROWADIS
Unidad de Mecanización Agrariawww.uma.deab.upc.edu
03/06/2012
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Drift diagnosis tool Drift diagnosis tool –– TOPPS PROWADISTOPPS PROWADIS
Unidad de Mecanización Agrariawww.uma.deab.upc.edu
www.topps-life.org
Хвала вам на пажњиХвала вам на пажњи
Unidad de Mecanización Agrariawww.uma.deab.upc.edu