LIFE SCIENCESGRADE 11JUNE 2017

2hrs 150 Marks

INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION

Read the following instructions carefully before answering the questions:

1. Answer ALL the questions.2. Write ALL the answers on the paper provided. 3. Answer Question 1.1 on the answer sheet provided4. VERY IMPORTANT: ALL QUESTIONS 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 must

be answered on SEPARATE SHEETS OF PAPER. Start the answer to each question at the top of a new page.

5. Number the answers correctly according to the numbering system used in this question paper.

6. Write neatly and legibly. 7. If answers are NOT presented according to the instructions of

each question, candidates will lose marks. 8. ALL drawings should be done in pencil and labelled in blue or

black ink. 9. Only draw diagrams or flow charts when requested to do so. 10. The diagrams in this question paper are NOT necessarily drawn

to scale. 11. The use of graph paper is NOT permitted. 12. Non-programmable calculators, protractors and compasses may

be used. 13. Write your NAME on this question paper. HAND THIS

QUESTION PAPER IN WITH YOUR ANSWER SHEETS.14. There are 13 pages in this exam.

Page 1 of 13

SECTION A

Question 1 – ANSWER ON A SEPARATE SHEET OF A PAPER

1.1 Various possible options are provided as answers to the following questions. Choose the correct answer and write only the letter (A – D) next to the question number:

1.1.1 The organelle responsible for the process of respiration.

A Ribosomes.B Mitochondrion.C Chloroplast.D Nucleus.

1.1.2 Below is a picture of an investigation that was set up. The independent variable in this investigation is …

A the presence or absence of water.B the presence or absence of soda lime.C the presence or absence of carbon dioxide.D the presence or absence of oxygen

1.1.3 Study the investigation set up in Q1.1.2. Which one of the following statements below is TRUE ?A Carbon dioxide is given off during cellular respiration.B Photosynthesis does NOT occur in the plant in bell jar A.C Oxygen is NOT present in bell jar A.D Carbon dioxide is used in bell jar A for cellular respiration.

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1.1.4 Which of the following is used up in cellular respiration, but is also produced during photosynthesis?

A Glucose.B Energy.C Enzymes.D Water.

1.1.5 Which of the following digestive enzymes do gastric juice, pancreatic juice and intestinal juice have in common?

A Carbohydrases.B Amylases.C Proteases. D Lipases.

1.1.6 What is the relationship between pollination and fertilisation?A Pollination is sexual and fertilisation asexual.B Fertilisation and pollination are the same activity.C Pollination must occur before fertilisation.D Fertilisation and pollination occur simultaneously.

1.1.7 In the phylogenetic tree below which two animal phyla are the most related.

A Chordata and CnidariaB Chordata and ArthropodaC Arthropoda and CnidariaD Arthropoda and Annelida

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1.1.8 A distinguishing feature of angiosperms is that they have …

A true roots.B true leaves.C spores.D flowers.

1.1.9 The table below shows the optimum temperatures for photosynthesis for various crop plants. A farmer wants to increase the yield of tomatoes in his greenhouse, which has an average temperature of 30°C. Identify which other factors would increase the rate of photosynthesis in his tomato plants.

Crop Plant Optimum Temperature (°C)Asparagus 20Fig 27Grape 26Tomato 30

A Carbon dioxide and glucose.B Glucose and light.C Light and carbon dioxide.D Carbon dioxide, glucose and light.

1.2 Give the correct word/term for each of the following statements:

1.2.1 A term used to describe organisms that cause diseases.1.2.2 The syndrome caused by high levels of HIV in the blood.1.2.3 The structure that includes a plant embryo surrounded by food and a

protective coat.1.2.4 The type of respiration that takes place in the absence of oxygen.1.2.5 The substance produced by the liver that emulsifies fats.

1.3 Indicate whether each of the statements in COLUMN I applies to A only, B only, both A and B or none of the items in COLUMN II. Write A only, B only, both A and B, or none next to the question number (1.3.1 to 1.3.4) on your A4 paper. The answers MUST be written as stated here or NO marks will be awarded.

COLUMN I COLUMN II1.3.1 True roots and leaves, and produce(s)

spores.A BryophytesB Pteridophytes

1.3.2 Requires water to undergo sexual reproduction.

A AngiospermsB Pteridophytes

1.3.3 Phase of photosynthesis that can occur at night.

A Light independentB Light dependent

1.3.4 Increases the surface area for absorption in the small intestine.

A Short lengthB Internal folds.

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1.4 Study the diagram below of the human digestive system and answer the questions that follow.

1.4.1 Provide labels for structures A, C, E and H. (4)1.4.2 Identify TWO letters that are accessory glands. (2)1.4.3 Write the label only of the part …

(a) that stores bile(b) where chemical digestion of proteins start(c) where most water and mineral salts are absorbed.

SECTION A TOTAL: 40 MARKS

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SECTION B

Question 2 – ANSWER ON A SEPARATE SHEET OF PAPER

2.1 Study the diagram below and answer the questions that follow.

https://media1.britannica.com/eb-media/40/91240-004-DCF9807B.jpg

2.1.1 Identify the group to which this plant belongs.2.1.2 Give evidence visible in the picture to support your answer to QUESTION

2.1.12.1.3 Would this plant be dependent on water for reproduction? Explain your

answer.2.1.4 State TWO disadvantages of wind pollination.

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2.2 The picture below is an amphibian, which belongs to the phylum Chordate. Using the picture and information you have learnt, describe the following characteristics of this animal using evidence visible in the picture to support your answer:

(a) The type of symmetry shown.(b) The degree of cephalisation.(c) A likely habitat in which this species would be found.(d) The likely manner that this species would move.

2.3 Look at the picture below and answer the questions that follow.

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2.3.1 Name the phylum to which earthworms belong.2.3.2 Do earthworms have a coelom?2.3.3 Using your own knowledge and the picture above; describe the role and the

importance that this animal plays in the soil.2.3.4 What key feature of this animals’ body plan allows it to perform its role in

the soil as described in Question 2.3.3?2.3.5 What plant division do the radishes pictured above belong to?

2.4 Draw a fully labelled diagram of a villus. (7)

QUESTION 2 TOTAL: 30 MARKS

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Question 3 – ANSWER ON A SEPARATE SHEET OF PAPER

3.1 Use the chemical equation shown below to describe the process of photosynthesis. In your answer identify an aspect that is missing from this equation.

3.2 Study the diagram below and then answer the questions that follow.

3.2.1 Provide labels for parts A, D, G and F.

3.2.2 Explain how the cartilaginous rings, found in part A, are suited to their function.

3.2.3 Using the letters and names of B, C and E, explain how inhalation occurs.

3.2.4 Distinguish between breathing and respiration.

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3.3 A Grade 11 decides to set up an experiment to determine the heat given off by germinating bean seeds which are respiring over 24 hours. The experiment that was set up is pictured below.

3.3.1 Study the set up and write down THREE errors that were made when setting up the apparatus and explain how they would affect the experiment.

3.3.2 State a hypothesis for this investigation (if the apparatus was set up properly).

QUESTION 3 TOTAL: 30 MARKS

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Question 4 – ANSWER ON A SEPARATE SHEET OF PAPER

4.1 Study the graph below and answer the questions that follow

https://image.slidesharecdn.com/domestic-funding-for-health-in-africa-icasa-2013-131218022922-phpapp02/95/domestic-financing-for-health-in-africa-the-road-of-sustainability-and-ownership-21-638.jpg?cb=1387333981

(Note: HIV infections is indicated by the top line in this graph, followed by AIDS cases in the middle and AIDS deaths are shown in the bottom line)

4.1.1 This graph is missing labels from both the X and Y axes. Give a suitable label for:

(a) The X axis(b) The Y axis

4.1.2 Explain two ways in which the graph heading given above is inaccurate.4.1.3 Describe the trend of the HIV infections from 1995 – 2025.4.1.4 In 2005 the number of AIDS deaths was approximately 50% of all the AIDS

cases. Since then the number of AIDS cases has increased but the number of people dying of AIDS has decreased. Explain reasons for this.

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4.2 Read the article attached in the addendum of this exam paper (on page 13) and then answer the questions below. You may tear off the last page to make referring to this article easier.

4.2.1 In the first paragraph of the article Prof Chibale states three ways in which this new drug, MMV048 could help reduce the incidence of malaria. List these three ways in three bulleted points.

4.2.2 (a) State the scientific name of the malaria parasite.

(b) Briefly describe how the parasite identified in 4.2.2 (a) is able to be transmitted from one person to another.

4.2.3 (a) Identify TWO ways described in the article to reduce the number of mosquitoes biting people in malaria areas.

(b) What evidence in the article shows that these methods are working?

4.2.4 (a) Identify THREE fixed variables in the WHO vaccination programme that will be running from 2018.

(b) What will the dependent variable(s) be in this pilot study?

QUESTION 4 TOTAL: 30 MARKSSECTION B TOTAL: 90 MARKS

SECTION C

Question 5 – ANSWER ON A SEPARATE SHEET OF PAPER

5.1. Carbohydrates include the plant polysaccharides: starch and cellulose (which acts as roughage in the diet). Describe what happens to these two polysaccharides as they pass along the digestive system. Include the processes of ingestion, digestion, absorption and egestion in your answer.

17 marks content3 marks synthesis

QUESTION 5 TOTAL: 20 MARKSSECTION C TOTAL: 20 MARKS

FINAL: 150 MARKS

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ADDENDUM QUESTION 4.2 – CASE STUDY

Read the information below taken from an article in The Daily Maverick published on 27 April 2017.

New single-dose drug could help wipe out malaria(https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2017-04-26-new-single-dose-drug-could-help-wipe-out-malaria/)

A new drug, discovered and biologically profiled locally, has the potential to stop malaria before it starts – not only targeting the parasite throughout its lifestyle, but also working against resistant strains of the disease. By MARELISE VAN DER MERWE.

“The ability of the drug called MMV048 to block all life cycle stages of the malaria parasite, offer protection against infection as well as potentially block transmission of the parasite from person to person suggests that this compound could contribute to the eradication of malaria,” says Professor Chibale.

The World Health Organisation reports that nearly half the world’s population is at risk of contracting malaria. In 2015, there were roughly 212 million malaria cases and some half-a-million malaria deaths. Or, to put it another way, the WHO estimates that a child dies from malaria every minute in Africa, over 90% of malaria deaths occur in Sub-Saharan Africa. According to the World Malaria Report, in the same year, malaria killed an estimated 303,000 under-fives globally, including 292,000 children in the African region. Those most vulnerable to the disease and complications are pregnant women and children under five.

According to the new research, resistance to treatment regimens still poses a threat, highlighting the importance of developing treatments that contain new chemical classes with different modes of action.

Treatment regimens, indoor spraying with insecticides and the use of bed-nets have had limited impact thus far, although there was a reduction in deaths between 2013 and 2015.

Currently, the WHO is rolling out its first vaccination programme in Kenya, Malawi and Ghana, set to kick off in 2018. The pilot will involve over 750,000 children and has the potential to save tens of thousands of lives, says Dr Matshidiso Moeti, the WHO regional director for Africa. It will be tested on children aged 17 months to five years and in the trial runs, four doses were shown to prevent nearly four in ten cases of malaria. In trials the most severe cases of malaria were cut by a third and the numbers of children needing blood transfusions or hospital treatments were also reduced.

“This compound has enormous potential,” said Dr David Reddy, MMV’s CEO. “In addition to the exciting characteristics that have been noted, it has the potential to be administered as a single dose, which could revolutionise the treatment of malaria.”

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