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New Physics
Tilman Plehn
Early running
Anomalies
Models
Fat jets
Top tagging
New physics searches for the LHC
Tilman Plehn
Heidelberg University
Physics in Collision, KIT, 9/2010
New Physics
Tilman Plehn
Early running
Anomalies
Models
Fat jets
Top tagging
Supermodels
General consideration for early LHC [Bauer, Ligeti, Schmaltz, Thaler, Walker; talk Nadia Pastrone]
– models competitive with Tevatron
10 LHC events in 10 pb−1
not ruled out by LEP and flavor physicsnot ruled out by Tevatron for 10 fb−1
[shaded red]
decay to (leptonic) background-free signatures
– candidates: single production via g2effG
µνGµν [similar for qq, qq]
X
...
XY
...
...
Y2
X
Y1
1 TeV
2 TeV
3 TeV
4 TeV
5 TeV
6 TeV
7 TeV
2 4 6 8 10 12 14
10-1
100
101
102
103
LHC Center-of-Mass Energy HTeVL
LH
CL
um
inosi
tyHp
b-
1L
uu Resonance Reach Hgeff = 1L
1 TeV
2 TeV
3 TeV
4 TeV
5 TeV
2 4 6 8 10 12 14
10-1
100
101
102
103
LHC Center-of-Mass Energy HTeVL
LH
CL
um
inosi
tyHp
b-
1L
uu Resonance Reach Hgeff = 1L
250 GeV
500 GeV
1 TeV
2 4 6 8 10 12 14
10-1
100
101
102
103
LHC Center-of-Mass Energy HTeVL
LH
CL
um
inosi
tyHp
b-
1L
gg Resonance Reach Hgeff = 1�16Π2L
New Physics
Tilman Plehn
Early running
Anomalies
Models
Fat jets
Top tagging
Supermodels
General consideration for early LHC [Bauer, Ligeti, Schmaltz, Thaler, Walker; talk Nadia Pastrone]
– models competitive with Tevatron
10 LHC events in 10 pb−1
not ruled out by LEP and flavor physicsnot ruled out by Tevatron for 10 fb−1
[shaded red]
decay to (leptonic) background-free signatures
– candidates: single production via g2effG
µνGµν [similar for qq, qq]
– not a supermodel: Z ′ → `` [LEP limits g2effBR` < (mZ′/8 TeV)2]
not a supermodel: squark/leptoquark pairs [2-particle phase space]
New Physics
Tilman Plehn
Early running
Anomalies
Models
Fat jets
Top tagging
Supermodels
General consideration for early LHC [Bauer, Ligeti, Schmaltz, Thaler, Walker; talk Nadia Pastrone]
– models competitive with Tevatron
10 LHC events in 10 pb−1
not ruled out by LEP and flavor physicsnot ruled out by Tevatron for 10 fb−1
[shaded red]
decay to (leptonic) background-free signatures
– candidates: single production via g2effG
µνGµν [similar for qq, qq]
– not a supermodel: Z ′ → `` [LEP limits g2effBR` < (mZ′/8 TeV)2]
not a supermodel: squark/leptoquark pairs [2-particle phase space]
– Z ′ or qq resonancedecaying to new stable particles [heavy leptons, poster Fedor Ratnikov]
decaying to heavy quark pairs Q → `+`−q
– diquarks/lepto-diquarks uu → D|→ `−L
|→ `+ 2j
– R parity violating squarks bc → b χ1|→ `+ ˜|→ `− 3j
New Physics
Tilman Plehn
Early running
Anomalies
Models
Fat jets
Top tagging
Supermodels
General consideration for early LHC [Bauer, Ligeti, Schmaltz, Thaler, Walker; talk Nadia Pastrone]
– models competitive with Tevatron
10 LHC events in 10 pb−1
not ruled out by LEP and flavor physicsnot ruled out by Tevatron for 10 fb−1
[shaded red]
decay to (leptonic) background-free signatures
– candidates: single production via g2effG
µνGµν [similar for qq, qq]
– not a supermodel: Z ′ → `` [LEP limits g2effBR` < (mZ′/8 TeV)2]
not a supermodel: squark/leptoquark pairs [2-particle phase space]
– Z ′ or qq resonancedecaying to new stable particles [heavy leptons, poster Fedor Ratnikov]
decaying to heavy quark pairs Q → `+`−q
– diquarks/lepto-diquarks uu → D|→ `−L
|→ `+ 2j
– R parity violating squarks bc → b χ1|→ `+ ˜|→ `− 3j
⇒ LHC below 100 pb−1 a Standard Model machine
New Physics
Tilman Plehn
Early running
Anomalies
Models
Fat jets
Top tagging
Top asymmetry
Experimental anomaly [talks Erich Varnes, Tom Schwarz]
– forward-backward asymmetry AexpFB = 0.193 > ASM
FB = 0.051 [Rodrigo; Kuhn]
– heavy colored gauge bosonQCD the diagonal of SU(3)1 × SU(3)2 [g1 6= g2 needed]
candidate model gtL, g
qR ∼ 1− cos2 θ
SU(3)1 SU(3)2 ∆AFB(t, b)L qL tR , bR qR = 0 coloron
qR (t, b)L qL tR , bR = 0tR , bR (t, b)L qL qR = 0
qL (t, b)L tR , bR qR = 0qL tR , bR (t, b)L qR > 0 candidateqL qR (t, b)L tR , bR = 0 top-color
tR , bR qR (t, b)L qL < 0 axigluonqL tR , bR qR (t, b)L = 0
HAexp-ASM
Lp p
CDF 5.3 fb-1 ASM=0.051H6L
gAq=gA
t
gAq=-gA
t
0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0-0.2
-0.1
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
mG HTeVL
HA-
AS
MLp
p
New Physics
Tilman Plehn
Early running
Anomalies
Models
Fat jets
Top tagging
Top asymmetry
Experimental anomaly [talks Erich Varnes, Tom Schwarz]
– forward-backward asymmetry AexpFB = 0.193 > ASM
FB = 0.051 [Rodrigo; Kuhn]
– heavy colored gauge bosonQCD the diagonal of SU(3)1 × SU(3)2 [g1 6= g2 needed]
candidate model gtL, g
qR ∼ 1− cos2 θ
– additional constraints [Framton, Shu, Wang; Chivucula, Simmons, Yuan]
Bd mixing: Mc sin 2θ > 1.8 TeV [solid]
e-w precision data: Mc > cot θ × 700 GeV [dotted]
10
20
30
40
1200 1500 1800 2100 2400 2700
!
MC (GeV)
1.64 "1.28 "
1.0 "
New Physics
Tilman Plehn
Early running
Anomalies
Models
Fat jets
Top tagging
Top asymmetry
Experimental anomaly [talks Erich Varnes, Tom Schwarz]
– forward-backward asymmetry AexpFB = 0.193 > ASM
FB = 0.051 [Rodrigo; Kuhn]
– heavy colored gauge bosonQCD the diagonal of SU(3)1 × SU(3)2 [g1 6= g2 needed]
candidate model gtL, g
qR ∼ 1− cos2 θ
– additional constraints [Framton, Shu, Wang; Chivucula, Simmons, Yuan]
Bd mixing: Mc sin 2θ > 1.8 TeV [solid]
e-w precision data: Mc > cot θ × 700 GeV [dotted]
– allowed parameter points: AFB = 0.04, 0.03 [MC = 2000, 2850 GeV]
– axigluon interpretation not possible
– alternatives: colored scalars, weak gauge bosons,... [t channel, flavor violating]
exciting search channel qq → tt
– LHC at least 5 fb−1 at 7 TeV
New Physics
Tilman Plehn
Early running
Anomalies
Models
Fat jets
Top tagging
Dark matter
Historically: Dirac dark matter to explain PAMELA [Harnik & Kribs; Benakli]
– interacting via higher-dimensional operators [SUSY: Λ = mf; no coupling to Z ]
OD5 =1Λ
DDH†H OD6 =cL
Λ2DγµD fγµPLf OD6 =
cR
Λ2DγµD fγµPR f
– annihilation rate 〈σv〉 ∼P
f c2L,R/Λ4
Dirac bino: dominated by leptons c ∼ (Yg′)2 [R-symmetric MSSM]
explaining PAMELA positron excess
100 150 200 250 300 350 400M [GeV]
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
Λ [
TeV
]
lR
+lR
−
eR
+eR
−
New Physics
Tilman Plehn
Early running
Anomalies
Models
Fat jets
Top tagging
Dark matter
Historically: Dirac dark matter to explain PAMELA [Harnik & Kribs; Benakli]
– interacting via higher-dimensional operators [SUSY: Λ = mf; no coupling to Z ]
OD5 =1Λ
DDH†H OD6 =cL
Λ2DγµD fγµPLf OD6 =
cR
Λ2DγµD fγµPR f
– annihilation rate 〈σv〉 ∼P
f c2L,R/Λ4
Dirac bino: dominated by leptons c ∼ (Yg′)2 [R-symmetric MSSM]
explaining PAMELA positron excess
Effective theory analysis of dark matter [Goodman, Ibe, Rajaraman, Sheperd, Tait, Yu]
– complex/real scalars, Majorana/Dirac fermionscoupling to Standard Model fields
– list of operatorsOperator Coefficient
C1 χ†χqq mq/Λ2
C2 χ†χqγ5q imq/Λ2
C3 χ†∂µχqγµq 1/Λ2
C4 χ†∂µχqγµγ5q 1/Λ2
C5 χ†χGµνGµν αs/4Λ2
C6 χ†χGµν Gµν iαs/4Λ2
R1 χ2 qq mq/2Λ2
R2 χ2 qγ5q imq/2Λ2
R3 χ2GµνGµν αs/8Λ2
R4 χ2Gµν Gµν iαs/8Λ2
Operator Coefficient
D1 χχqq mq/Λ3
D2 χγ5χqq imq/Λ3
D3 χχqγ5q imq/Λ3
D4 χγ5χqγ5q mq/Λ3
D5 χγµχqγµq 1/Λ2
D6 χγµγ5χqγµq 1/Λ2
D7 χγµχqγµγ5q 1/Λ2
D8 χγµγ5χqγµγ5q 1/Λ2
D9 χσµνχqσµν q 1/Λ2
D10 χσµνγ5χqσαβq i/Λ2
D11 χχGµνGµν αs/4Λ3
D12 χγ5χGµνGµν iαs/4Λ3
D13 χχGµν Gµν iαs/4Λ3
D14 χγ5χGµν Gµν αs/4Λ3
New Physics
Tilman Plehn
Early running
Anomalies
Models
Fat jets
Top tagging
Dark matter
Historically: Dirac dark matter to explain PAMELA [Harnik & Kribs; Benakli]
– interacting via higher-dimensional operators [SUSY: Λ = mf; no coupling to Z ]
OD5 =1Λ
DDH†H OD6 =cL
Λ2DγµD fγµPLf OD6 =
cR
Λ2DγµD fγµPR f
– annihilation rate 〈σv〉 ∼P
f c2L,R/Λ4
Dirac bino: dominated by leptons c ∼ (Yg′)2 [R-symmetric MSSM]
explaining PAMELA positron excess
Effective theory analysis of dark matter [Goodman, Ibe, Rajaraman, Sheperd, Tait, Yu]
– complex/real scalars, Majorana/Dirac fermionscoupling to Standard Model fields
– WIMP-nucleon cross section [direct detection]
compared to Tevatron/LHC reach χχ+jets
⇒ colliders dominant for light WIMPinterpretation unclear for UV completions...
1 10 210 310-4610
-4510
-4410
-4310
-4210
-4110
-4010
-3910
-3810
)2 (
cmS
IN σ
(GeV)χm
CRESST
CoGeNT CoGeNTfavored
Xenon 10
Xenon 100
CDMS
Xenon 100 reach
SCDMS reach
D1 LHC reach
D11 Tevatron exclusion
D11 LHC reach
D5 LHC reach
1 10 210 310-4410
-4310
-4210
-4110
-4010
-3910
-3810
-3710
-3610
)2 (
cmS
DN σ
(GeV)χm
PICASSO p limitsKIMS p limits
Xenon 10 n limits
DMTPC p reach
D8 Tevatron exclusion
D9 Tevatron exclusion
D8 LHC reach
D9 LHC reach
New Physics
Tilman Plehn
Early running
Anomalies
Models
Fat jets
Top tagging
MRSSM
Opposite of anomaly: understand 6× 6 squark mass matrix?
– flavor violation: K -K mixing, etc
– CP violation in flavor sector
– flavor-violating decays: b → sγ
– electric dipole moments...
⇒ flavor symmetries required
New Physics
Tilman Plehn
Early running
Anomalies
Models
Fat jets
Top tagging
MRSSM
Opposite of anomaly: understand 6× 6 squark mass matrix?
– flavor violation: K -K mixing, etc
– CP violation in flavor sector
– flavor-violating decays: b → sγ
– electric dipole moments...
⇒ flavor symmetries required
Solution [Kribs, Poppitz, Weiner]
– start from well-known R parity [proton decay, dark matter,...]
expand to continuous, global symmetry [Hall & Randall]
avoid spontaneous breaking to break SUSY [Affleck, Dine, Seiberg, Nelson & Seiberg]
– forbidden soft-breaking terms φ3, φ∗φ2, λλallowed soft-breaking terms φ2, φ∗φ, λψ
– no Majorana masses, no A, µ, δLR terms [Majorana neutrino okay]
– gluino Dirac mass via additional state [chiral superfield with sgluon]
⇒ squark mixing hardly constrained
New Physics
Tilman Plehn
Early running
Anomalies
Models
Fat jets
Top tagging
MRSSM
Opposite of anomaly: understand 6× 6 squark mass matrix?
– flavor violation: K -K mixing, etc
– CP violation in flavor sector
– flavor-violating decays: b → sγ
– electric dipole moments...
⇒ flavor symmetries required
Sgluons at the LHC [TP & Tait]
– complex sgluon field G,G∗
– supersymmetric QCDL = (DµG)∗
`DµG
´+ i√
2 gS f abc egb `
G PL + G∗PR´a egc
fixed g-G-G, g-g-G couplings at tree level
– allowed soft-breaking terms
L = m21 GG∗ +
12
m22
“G2 + G∗2
”−√
2gSmeg `G + G∗´X
eqeq∗T aeq
fixed mass and q-q-G couplings at tree level [go to mass eigenstates]
– G-g-g coupling loop-induced ∝ mg/m2G [D5 operator]
G-q-q coupling loop-induced ∝ mgδqq′mq/m2G [D4 operator]
⇒ pair production, decay to top quark
New Physics
Tilman Plehn
Early running
Anomalies
Models
Fat jets
Top tagging
MRSSM
Opposite of anomaly: understand 6× 6 squark mass matrix?
– flavor violation: K -K mixing, etc
– CP violation in flavor sector
– flavor-violating decays: b → sγ
– electric dipole moments...
⇒ flavor symmetries required
Close relatives
– axigluons: strong coupling to quarks [Bagger, Schmidt, King, 1988]
– supersoft SUSY breaking: sgluon not relevant for pheno [Fox, Nelson, Weiner]
– Randall-Hall or N = 2 hybrid: minimal flavor violation [Popenda et al]
– non-supersymmetric octets: boosted tops discussed later
New Physics
Tilman Plehn
Early running
Anomalies
Models
Fat jets
Top tagging
Sgluons at LHC
Production easy [TP & Tait, Popenda et al]
– pair production via SUSY-QCD
– single production at one-loop
– produced like stop pairs with new color factor
10-4
10-3
10-2
10-1
1
10
10 2
10 3
σtot (pp/pp–→GG/G+X) [pb]
LHCsingle
LHCpairs
Tevatron
no cuts, no decay
mG[GeV]200 300 500 700 1000 2000
Decays with some structure
– Γ(G→ gg) ∝ m2g
Γ(G→ t q + tq) ∝ (mt mg)2
G→ gg dominant for large mG
200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800-310
-210
-110
Mass (GeV)
Bra
nch
ing
Rat
io
= 1 TeVg~m = 1 TeVq~m
qt + qt
tt
gg
New Physics
Tilman Plehn
Early running
Anomalies
Models
Fat jets
Top tagging
Sgluons at LHC
Production easy [TP & Tait, Popenda et al]
– pair production via SUSY-QCD
– single production at one-loop
– produced like stop pairs with new color factor
10-4
10-3
10-2
10-1
1
10
10 2
10 3
σtot (pp/pp–→GG/G+X) [pb]
LHCsingle
LHCpairs
Tevatron
no cuts, no decay
mG[GeV]200 300 500 700 1000 2000
Decays with some structure
– Γ(G→ gg) ∝ m2g
Γ(G→ t q + tq) ∝ (mt mg)2
G→ gg dominant for large mG
– SUSY decays possibleG→ t t useful with MFVoff-shell channels < one-loop channels
– single production background-burdened
⇒ like-sign tops plus jets500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000
Mσ [GeV]
10-5
10-4
10-3
10-2
10-1
100
Br
mq~L = 1 TeV, mg~ = 0.5 TeV, m
χ~ = 80 GeV
squark modes
gluino modes
gg
tt-
New Physics
Tilman Plehn
Early running
Anomalies
Models
Fat jets
Top tagging
Hidden valleys and portalsSkipping, ask me over coffee...
New Physics
Tilman Plehn
Early running
Anomalies
Models
Fat jets
Top tagging
Chiral 4th Generation
Some questions
– simply phenomenological: why three generations? [review: Framton, Hung, Sher]
– anomaly cancellation?light neutrinos and LEP?Majorana neutrinos in neutrinoless double beta decay?electroweak precision data?flavor constraints?
⇒ none of the constraints convincing [Peccei: ‘Why there should not be a fourth generation’]
– strongly interacting theory? [Holdom; Burdman & De Rold]
electroweak baryogenesis? [Fok & Kribs]
dark matter?
⇒ at least as interesting as other LHC scenarios
New Physics
Tilman Plehn
Early running
Anomalies
Models
Fat jets
Top tagging
Chiral 4th Generation
Some questions
– simply phenomenological: why three generations? [review: Framton, Hung, Sher]
– anomaly cancellation?light neutrinos and LEP?Majorana neutrinos in neutrinoless double beta decay?electroweak precision data?flavor constraints?
⇒ none of the constraints convincing [Peccei: ‘Why there should not be a fourth generation’]
– strongly interacting theory? [Holdom; Burdman & De Rold]
electroweak baryogenesis? [Fok & Kribs]
dark matter?
⇒ at least as interesting as other LHC scenarios
The model [old story]
– complete additional generation [Q4, U4, D4, L4, e4, ν4]
– masses from Yukawas
– representations as Standard Model: no FCNC
– charged currents: (4× 4) fermion–mixing matrices [single-top (D0) Vbt & 0.68]
– neutrino mass: L ∼ y4 HL4ν4R + M νc4Rν4R/2
New Physics
Tilman Plehn
Early running
Anomalies
Models
Fat jets
Top tagging
Chiral 4th Generation
Electroweak precision data [LEPEWWG]
– Particle Data Group:An extra generation of ordinary fermions is excluded at the 6σ level on thebasis of the S parameter alone...
New Physics
Tilman Plehn
Early running
Anomalies
Models
Fat jets
Top tagging
Chiral 4th Generation
Electroweak precision data [LEPEWWG]
– Particle Data Group:An extra generation of ordinary fermions is excluded at the 6σ level on thebasis of the S parameter alone...
This result assumes that...any new families are degenerate
New Physics
Tilman Plehn
Early running
Anomalies
Models
Fat jets
Top tagging
Chiral 4th Generation
Electroweak precision data [LEPEWWG]
– Particle Data Group:An extra generation of ordinary fermions is excluded at the 6σ level on thebasis of the S parameter alone...
This result assumes that...any new families are degenerate
Just as the 3rd generation... [Holdom; Vysotsky,...; Kribs, TP, Spannowsky, Tait]
New Physics
Tilman Plehn
Early running
Anomalies
Models
Fat jets
Top tagging
Chiral 4th Generation
Electroweak precision data [LEPEWWG]
– Particle Data Group:An extra generation of ordinary fermions is excluded at the 6σ level on thebasis of the S parameter alone...
This result assumes that...any new families are degenerate
Just as the 3rd generation... [Holdom; Vysotsky,...; Kribs, TP, Spannowsky, Tait]
– okay, got is, some people prefer a Z ′let’s be honest for a change...
– for our purpose: leading S and T [∆U ∼ 0 as in SM]
– remember doublet: ∆S = Nf /(6π)(1− 2Y log m2u/m2
d )
(1) keep ∆S and ∆T small[∆Sq blue; ∆Tq red]
100 200 300 400 500 600 700(mu + md)/2 [GeV]
0
20
40
60
80
100
mu
− m
d [G
eV]
0.10
0.13
0.15
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
New Physics
Tilman Plehn
Early running
Anomalies
Models
Fat jets
Top tagging
Chiral 4th Generation
Electroweak precision data [LEPEWWG]
(2) old trick: compensate ∆S ∼ ∆T > 0 [Hill...]
small mH : ∆T ∼ ∆S ∼ 0.2large mH : ∆T ∼ ∆S + 0.2 ∼ 0.3
– allowed parameter points [mν4 = 100 GeV, m`4= 155 GeV]
mu4 md4 mH ∆Stot ∆Ttot
310 260 115 0.15 0.19320 260 200 0.19 0.20330 260 300 0.21 0.22400 350 115 0.15 0.19400 340 200 0.19 0.20400 325 300 0.21 0.25
– within 68% CL of electroweak ellipse
– generic feature mu4 > md4 allows for u4 → d4W
– ∆S < 0 but dangerous U for Majorana neutrino[Kniehl, Kohrs]
-0.2 -0.1 0 0.1 0.2 0.3-0.3
-0.2
-0.1
-0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
S
T
U = 0
(a)
(b) (f)
= 115 GeVhm
= 200 GeVhm
= 300 GeVhm
= 1 TeVhm
New Physics
Tilman Plehn
Early running
Anomalies
Models
Fat jets
Top tagging
Chiral 4th Generation
Dimension-5 Higgs couplings [e.g. SFitter-Higgs; got a hacked HDecay]
– loop effects of new particles [Arik, Arik, Cetin, Conca, Mailov, Sultansoy; Kribs, TP, Spannowsky, Tait]
– chiral fermions without Appelquist-Carazone decoupling
ΓH→γγ =Gµα2m3
H
128√
2π3
˛˛X
f
NcQ2f Af (τf ) + AW (τW )
˛˛
2
ΓH→gg =Gµα2
sm3H
36√
2π3
˛˛ 34 X
f
Af (τf )
˛˛
2
with τi =m2
H
4m2i
Af (τ) =2τ2
[τ + (τ − 1)f (τ)]
AW (τ) = −1τ2
h2τ2 + 3τ + 3(2τ − 1)f (τ)
iwith f (τ → 0)→ τ
(1) increase gggH → 3× gggHdecrease gγγH → 1/3× gγγHlight–Higgs BRs suppressed by H → gg
200 300 400 500100M
H [GeV]
0.0001
0.001
0.01
0.1
1
Bra
nchi
ng R
atio
B
R(H
)
γγ
Zγ
ss
µ+µ−
Z*Z
*
W*W
*
l4l4
t*t*
gg
bb
τ+τ−
cc
New Physics
Tilman Plehn
Early running
Anomalies
Models
Fat jets
Top tagging
Chiral 4th Generation
Dimension-5 Higgs couplings [e.g. SFitter-Higgs; got a hacked HDecay]
– loop effects of new particles [Arik, Arik, Cetin, Conca, Mailov, Sultansoy; Kribs, TP, Spannowsky, Tait]
– chiral fermions without Appelquist-Carazone decoupling
ΓH→γγ =Gµα2m3
H
128√
2π3
˛˛X
f
NcQ2f Af (τf ) + AW (τW )
˛˛
2
ΓH→gg =Gµα2
sm3H
36√
2π3
˛˛ 34 X
f
Af (τf )
˛˛
2
with τi =m2
H
4m2i
Af (τ) =2τ2
[τ + (τ − 1)f (τ)]
AW (τ) = −1τ2
h2τ2 + 3τ + 3(2τ − 1)f (τ)
iwith f (τ → 0)→ τ
(1) increase gggH → 3× gggHdecrease gγγH → 1/3× gγγHlight–Higgs BRs suppressed by H → gg
(2) factor 9 enhancement of gg → H [Tevatron!?]
σgg BRγγ → σgg BRγγσgg BRZZ → (5 · · · 8) σgg BRZZ
1
10
10 2
100 200 300 400 500 600
H → ZZH → WWH → ττH → γγ
gg → Hqq → Hqq
Significance, 30 fb-1
mH[GeV]
New Physics
Tilman Plehn
Early running
Anomalies
Models
Fat jets
Top tagging
Chiral 4th Generation
Dimension-5 Higgs couplings [e.g. SFitter-Higgs; got a hacked HDecay]
– loop effects of new particles [Arik, Arik, Cetin, Conca, Mailov, Sultansoy; Kribs, TP, Spannowsky, Tait]
– chiral fermions without Appelquist-Carazone decoupling
ΓH→γγ =Gµα2m3
H
128√
2π3
˛˛X
f
NcQ2f Af (τf ) + AW (τW )
˛˛
2
ΓH→gg =Gµα2
sm3H
36√
2π3
˛˛ 34 X
f
Af (τf )
˛˛
2
with τi =m2
H
4m2i
Af (τ) =2τ2
[τ + (τ − 1)f (τ)]
AW (τ) = −1τ2
h2τ2 + 3τ + 3(2τ − 1)f (τ)
iwith f (τ → 0)→ τ
(1) increase gggH → 3× gggHdecrease gγγH → 1/3× gγγHlight–Higgs BRs suppressed by H → gg
(2) factor 9 enhancement of gg → H [Tevatron!?]
σgg BRγγ → σgg BRγγσgg BRZZ → (5 · · · 8) σgg BRZZ
(3) misleading WBF correlations
(4) Higgs pair production the winner [Baur, TP, Rainwater]
⇒ if nothing else — what a great straw man!
Standard Model: WBF+GF4 Generations: WBF+GF
∆φjj
1 σdσ
d∆
φjj
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 30
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
New Physics
Tilman Plehn
Early running
Anomalies
Models
Fat jets
Top tagging
New physics searches at the LHCmissing
energy
(p.89)
cascade
decays
(p.91)
mono-
jets/photon
(p.15)
lepton
resnce
(p.109)
di-jet
resnce
(p.109)
top
resnce
(p.120)
WW/ZZ
resnce
(p.15)
W’
resnce
(p.93)
top
partner
(p.116)
charged
tracks
(p.123)
displ.
vertex
(p.123)
multi-
photons
(p.29)
spherical
events
(p.47,76)
SUSY (heavy grav.)
(p.17,26)XX XX X
SUSY (light grav.)
(p.17,27)X X X X X X
large extra dim
(p.39)XX XX X
universal extra dim
(p.47)XX XX X X X X X X
technicolor (vanilla)
(p.51)X X X X XX
topcolor/top seesaw
(p.53,54)X XX X
little Higgs (w/o T)
(p.55,58)X X X X X
little Higgs (w T)
(p.55,58)XX XX X X X X X X X
warped extra dim (IR SM)
(p.61,63)X X X X
warped extra dim (bulk SM)
(p.61,64)X X XX X X
Higgsless/comp. Higgs
(p.69,73)X X XX XX
hidden valleys
(p.75)X X X X X X X X X X X X X
[arXiv:0912.3259, Morrissey, TP, Tait]
New Physics
Tilman Plehn
Early running
Anomalies
Models
Fat jets
Top tagging
Boosted W bosons
Why fat jets?
1. decay products too collinear to resolve
2. automatic reduction of signal combinatorics
3. improved resonance mass reconstruction
Boosted particles at LHC [talk Erich Varnes]
1994 boosted W → 2 jets from heavy Higgs [Seymour]
1994 boosted t → 3 jets [Seymour]
2002 boosted W → 2 jets from strongly interacting WW [Butterworth, Cox, Forshaw]
2006 boosted t → 3 jets from heavy resonances [Agashe, Belyaev, Krupovnickas, Perez, Virzi]
2007 boosted χ01 → 3 jets in R parity violating SUSY [Butterworth, Ellis, Raklev]
2008 boosted H → bb [Butterworth, Davison, Rubin, Salam]
2009 boosted t → 3 jets from top partners [TP, Salam, Spannowsky, Takeuchi]
· · ·
New Physics
Tilman Plehn
Early running
Anomalies
Models
Fat jets
Top tagging
Boosted Higgs bosons
Hadronic Higgs decays [Butterworth, Davison, Rubin, Salam]
– S: large mbb , boost-dependent RbbB: large mbb only for large RbbS/B: large mbb and small Rbb, so boosted Higgs
– fat Higgs jet Rbb ∼ 2mH/pT < 1
10-4
10-3
10-2
10-1
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700
1/σtot dσ/dpT
pT[GeV]
ttH: pT,t
ttH: pT,H
WH: pT,HWjj: pT,j
New Physics
Tilman Plehn
Early running
Anomalies
Models
Fat jets
Top tagging
Boosted Higgs bosons
Hadronic Higgs decays [Butterworth, Davison, Rubin, Salam]
– S: large mbb , boost-dependent RbbB: large mbb only for large RbbS/B: large mbb and small Rbb, so boosted Higgs
– fat Higgs jet Rbb ∼ 2mH/pT < 1
⇒ non-trivial challenge to jet algorthmsσS/fb σB /fb S/
√B30
C/A, R = 1.2, MD-F 0.57 0.51 4.4k⊥, R = 1.0, ycut 0.19 0.74 1.2SISCone, R = 0.8 0.49 1.33 2.3
New Physics
Tilman Plehn
Early running
Anomalies
Models
Fat jets
Top tagging
Boosted Higgs bosons
Hadronic Higgs decays [Butterworth, Davison, Rubin, Salam]
– S: large mbb , boost-dependent RbbB: large mbb only for large RbbS/B: large mbb and small Rbb, so boosted Higgs
– fat Higgs jet Rbb ∼ 2mH/pT < 1
WH/ZH productionm H → bb
– combined channels V → ``, νν, `ν
– Z peak as sanity check
– confirmed to 20% [ATLAS: Piquadio]
subjet b tag excellent [70%/1%]
charm rejection challengingmH ± 8 GeV tough
– improvements possible [Soper, Spannowsky]
⇒ crucial to understand Higgs sector
Mass (GeV)0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200
-1E
ven
ts /
8GeV
/ 30
fb
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
Mass (GeV)0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200
-1E
ven
ts /
8GeV
/ 30
fb
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16 qqV+jets
VVV+Higgs
= 2.1BS/in 112-128GeV
(a)
Mass (GeV)0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200
-1E
ven
ts /
8GeV
/ 30
fb
0
20
40
60
80
100
Mass (GeV)0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200
-1E
ven
ts /
8GeV
/ 30
fb
0
20
40
60
80
100 qqV+jets
VVV+Higgs
= 3.1BS/in 112-128GeV
(b)
Mass (GeV)0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200
-1E
ven
ts /
8GeV
/ 30
fb
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
Mass (GeV)0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200
-1E
ven
ts /
8GeV
/ 30
fb
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35qq
V+jets
VVV+Higgs
= 2.9BS/in 112-128GeV
(c)
Mass (GeV)0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200
-1E
ven
ts /
8GeV
/ 30
fb
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
Mass (GeV)0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200
-1E
ven
ts /
8GeV
/ 30
fb
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140qq
V+jets
VVV+Higgs
= 4.5BS/in 112-128GeV
(d)
New Physics
Tilman Plehn
Early running
Anomalies
Models
Fat jets
Top tagging
More boosted Higgs bosons
Long death of t tH,H → bb [Cammin & Schumacher, CMS-TDR and Atlas-CSC worse]
– trigger: t → bW + → b`+νreconstruction and rate: t → bW− → bjj
– not a chance:1– combinatorics: mH in pp → 4btag 2j `ν2– kinematics: peak-on-peak with t tbb, t t jj3– systematics: S/B ∼ 1/9 [S/
√B irrelevant]
New Physics
Tilman Plehn
Early running
Anomalies
Models
Fat jets
Top tagging
More boosted Higgs bosons
Long death of t tH,H → bb [Cammin & Schumacher, CMS-TDR and Atlas-CSC worse]
– trigger: t → bW + → b`+νreconstruction and rate: t → bW− → bjj
– not a chance:1– combinatorics: mH in pp → 4btag 2j `ν2– kinematics: peak-on-peak with t tbb, t t jj3– systematics: S/B ∼ 1/9 [S/
√B irrelevant]
Higgs tagger for t tH [TP, Salam, Spannowsky]
– uncluster one-by-one: j → j1 + j2 [C/A algorithm, R = 1.2]
1– mass drop: mj1 > 0.8mj means QCD; discard j22– soft mj1 < 30 GeV means QCD; keep j1
– double b tag [possibly add balance criterion]
three leading J = pT ,1pT ,2(∆R12)4 vs mfiltbb
no mass constraint — side bin
– jets everywhere; underlying event and pileup deadlyfilter reconstruction jets [Butterworth–Salam]
decay plus one add’l jet at Rfilt ∼ Rjj/2reconstruct masses w/ QCD jet
New Physics
Tilman Plehn
Early running
Anomalies
Models
Fat jets
Top tagging
More boosted Higgs bosons
Long death of t tH,H → bb [Cammin & Schumacher, CMS-TDR and Atlas-CSC worse]
– trigger: t → bW + → b`+νreconstruction and rate: t → bW− → bjj
– not a chance:1– combinatorics: mH in pp → 4btag 2j `ν2– kinematics: peak-on-peak with t tbb, t t jj3– systematics: S/B ∼ 1/9 [S/
√B irrelevant]
Higgs tag plus top tag
– tagged top and tagged Higgstrigger on lepton
– add’l continuum b tag [remove t` → b plus QCD]
– side bin in continuum t tbb
– promising, but 100 fb−1
mH S S/B S/√
B115 57 1/2.1 5.2 (5.7)120 48 1/2.4 4.5 (5.1)130 29 1/3.6 2.9 (3.0)
ttbb
ttjj
ttZ
ttHdσ/dmbb [fb/5 GeV]0.6
0.4
0.2
0
ttbb
ttjj
ttZ
ttHdσ/dmbb [fb/5 GeV]
mbb [GeV]180150120906030
0.6
0.4
0.2
0
New Physics
Tilman Plehn
Early running
Anomalies
Models
Fat jets
Top tagging
Boosted top quarks
Highly boosted top quarks [Kaplan, Rehermann, Schwartz, Tweedie; Princeton, Seattle...]
– identify hadronic tops with pT & 800 GeVisolation and b tagging challenging
– C/A algorithm with pT drop criterionall top decay jets identified3 kinematic constraints: mW ,mt , cos θhel [no b tag]
– top mass included, no sidebins
– improvement S/B → 15× S/B
top jets
quark jets
gluon jets
-1.0 -0.5 0.0 0.5 1.00.00
0.02
0.04
0.06
0.08
0.10
0.12
cos Θh
Eve
ntsHn
orm
aliz
edto
unityL
Εt
10´Εq
10´Εg
top jets
quark jetsgluon jets
600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 20000.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
pT HGeVL
Tag
ging
effi
cien
cy
New Physics
Tilman Plehn
Early running
Anomalies
Models
Fat jets
Top tagging
Boosted top quarks
Highly boosted top quarks [Kaplan, Rehermann, Schwartz, Tweedie; Princeton, Seattle...]
– identify hadronic tops with pT & 800 GeVisolation and b tagging challenging
– C/A algorithm with pT drop criterionall top decay jets identified3 kinematic constraints: mW ,mt , cos θhel [no b tag]
– top mass included, no sidebins
– improvement S/B → 15× S/B
– ATLAS studies on semi-leptonic channel promsing
New Physics
Tilman Plehn
Early running
Anomalies
Models
Fat jets
Top tagging
Boosted top quarks
Highly boosted top quarks [Kaplan, Rehermann, Schwartz, Tweedie; Princeton, Seattle...]
– identify hadronic tops with pT & 800 GeVisolation and b tagging challenging
– C/A algorithm with pT drop criterionall top decay jets identified3 kinematic constraints: mW ,mt , cos θhel [no b tag]
– top mass included, no sidebins
– improvement S/B → 15× S/B
Standard Model: HEPTopTagger [TP, Salam, Spannowsky, Takeuchi]
– extend reach to pT & 250 GeV
– start like Higgs tagger [mass drop, R = 1.5]
kinematic selection: mjjj ,m(1)jj ,m(2)
jj [no b tag, filtered]
– no id of top decay productsno boostcomplicated kinematics instead
[GeV]T
p200 300 400 500 600
Num
ber
of to
ps
210
310
410
510
610
QCD
top
tagged top
W+jets
New Physics
Tilman Plehn
Early running
Anomalies
Models
Fat jets
Top tagging
Boosted top quarks
Highly boosted top quarks [Kaplan, Rehermann, Schwartz, Tweedie; Princeton, Seattle...]
– identify hadronic tops with pT & 800 GeVisolation and b tagging challenging
– C/A algorithm with pT drop criterionall top decay jets identified3 kinematic constraints: mW ,mt , cos θhel [no b tag]
– top mass included, no sidebins
– improvement S/B → 15× S/B
Standard Model: HEPTopTagger [TP, Salam, Spannowsky, Takeuchi]
– extend reach to pT & 250 GeV
– start like Higgs tagger [mass drop, R = 1.5]
kinematic selection: mjjj ,m(1)jj ,m(2)
jj [no b tag, filtered]
– no id of top decay productsno boostcomplicated kinematics instead
[GeV]T
p200 300 400 500 600
Eff
icie
ncie
s
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1R=1.5
R=1.2
R=0.9
tagged
New Physics
Tilman Plehn
Early running
Anomalies
Models
Fat jets
Top tagging
Boosted top quarks
Highly boosted top quarks [Kaplan, Rehermann, Schwartz, Tweedie; Princeton, Seattle...]
– identify hadronic tops with pT & 800 GeVisolation and b tagging challenging
– C/A algorithm with pT drop criterionall top decay jets identified3 kinematic constraints: mW ,mt , cos θhel [no b tag]
– top mass included, no sidebins
– improvement S/B → 15× S/B
Standard Model: HEPTopTagger [TP, Salam, Spannowsky, Takeuchi]
– extend reach to pT & 250 GeV
– start like Higgs tagger [mass drop, R = 1.5]
kinematic selection: mjjj ,m(1)jj ,m(2)
jj [no b tag, filtered]
– no id of top decay productsno boostcomplicated kinematics instead
[GeV]T
p200 300 400 500 600
Eff
icie
ncie
s
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1inside fat jet
tagged
tagged (unmatched)
New Physics
Tilman Plehn
Early running
Anomalies
Models
Fat jets
Top tagging
Boosted top quarks
Highly boosted top quarks [Kaplan, Rehermann, Schwartz, Tweedie; Princeton, Seattle...]
– identify hadronic tops with pT & 800 GeVisolation and b tagging challenging
– C/A algorithm with pT drop criterionall top decay jets identified3 kinematic constraints: mW ,mt , cos θhel [no b tag]
– top mass included, no sidebins
– improvement S/B → 15× S/B
Standard Model: HEPTopTagger [TP, Salam, Spannowsky, Takeuchi]
– extend reach to pT & 250 GeV
– start like Higgs tagger [mass drop, R = 1.5]
kinematic selection: mjjj ,m(1)jj ,m(2)
jj [no b tag, filtered]
– no id of top decay productsno boostcomplicated kinematics instead
– realistic for t t in SM
– waiting to be tested: Tevatron/LHC
1
10
210
310
[GeV]TP0 200 400 600
bjj
R∆
0
1
2
3
1
10
210
[GeV]TP0 200 400 600
bjj
R∆
0
1
2
3
New Physics
Tilman Plehn
Early running
Anomalies
Models
Fat jets
Top tagging
Top squarks
Reconstructing hadronic tops
– reconstruction of G→ t t and t → tχ
– competitive with semi-leptonic channel? [t t resonance: /ET plus mW ]
– top mass decisive for taggertop 3-momentum add’l requirement [Wang et al; Moortgat-Pick et al; Weiler et al]
– strong dependence on pT > 200, 300 GeV
⇒ hadronic top tag really like b tag
)part,prec R(p∆0 1 2 3
Num
ber
of to
ps
10
210
310
410
rec p/p∆0 0.5 1 1.5
Num
ber
of to
ps
10
210
310
New Physics
Tilman Plehn
Early running
Anomalies
Models
Fat jets
Top tagging
Top squarks
Reconstructing hadronic tops
– reconstruction of G→ t t and t → tχ
– competitive with semi-leptonic channel? [t t resonance: /ET plus mW ]
– top mass decisive for taggertop 3-momentum add’l requirement [Wang et al; Moortgat-Pick et al; Weiler et al]
– strong dependence on pT > 200, 300 GeV
⇒ hadronic top tag really like b tag
Stop pairs [TP, Spannowsky, Takeuchi, Zerwas]
– top partner most important particle in MSSM [hierarchy problem]
comparison to other top partners [Meade & Reece]
– dark matter difficult for semi-leptonic channel
– purely hadronic: t t∗ → tχ01 tχ0
1 [CMS-TDR: leptons as life guards]
events in 1 fb−1 t1 t∗1 t t QCD W+jets Z+jets S/B S/√
B10 fb−1
mt [ GeV] 340 390 440 490 540 640 340
pT ,j > 200 GeV, ` veto 728 447 292 187 124 46 87850 2.4 · 107 1.6 · 105 n/a 3.0 · 10−5
/ET > 150 GeV 283 234 184 133 93 35 2245 2.4 · 105 1710 2240 1.2 · 10−3
first top tag 100 91 75 57 42 15 743 7590 90 114 1.2 · 10−2
second top tag 15 12.4 11 8.4 6.3 2.3 32 129 5.7 1.4 8.3 · 10−2
b tag 8.7 7.4 6.3 5.0 3.8 1.4 19 2.6 . 0.2 . 0.05 0.40 5. 9mT 2 > 250 GeV 4.3 5.0 4.9 4.2 3.2 1.2 4.2 . 0.6 . 0.1 . 0.03 0.88 6. 1
New Physics
Tilman Plehn
Early running
Anomalies
Models
Fat jets
Top tagging
Top squarks
Reconstructing hadronic tops
– reconstruction of G→ t t and t → tχ
– competitive with semi-leptonic channel? [t t resonance: /ET plus mW ]
– top mass decisive for taggertop 3-momentum add’l requirement [Wang et al; Moortgat-Pick et al; Weiler et al]
– strong dependence on pT > 200, 300 GeV
⇒ hadronic top tag really like b tag
Stop pairs [TP, Spannowsky, Takeuchi, Zerwas]
– top partner most important particle in MSSM [hierarchy problem]
comparison to other top partners [Meade & Reece]
– dark matter difficult for semi-leptonic channel
– purely hadronic: t t∗ → tχ01 tχ0
1 [CMS-TDR: leptons as life guards]
– stop mass from mT2 endpoint [like slepton pairs]
– not even a hard analysis
[GeV]T2M200 300 400 500 600
[/20
GeV
]T
2dM
σdσ1
0
0.2
0.4
=340 GeVstopM
=540 GeVstopM
tt
=98 GeVLSPtestM
New Physics
Tilman Plehn
Early running
Anomalies
Models
Fat jets
Top tagging
Outlook
Watching Tevatron and LHC
– new physics only starting around 1 fb−1
– anomalies either unexplainable or unconvincing
– little happening in model space [arXiv:0912.3259, Morrissey, TP, Tait]
⇒ time for helpful phenomenology
– parton shower/matrix element merging [CKKW, MLM, MC@NLO, POWHEG, CKKW@NLO]
– automized higher order calculations [SM & BSM]
– new physics interfaces in event generators [FeynRules]
– effective theories of new physics [useful?]
– personally: boosted heavy particles
⇒ time to test tools on Tevatron/LHC data [HEPTopTagger]
New Physics
Tilman Plehn
Early running
Anomalies
Models
Fat jets
Top tagging
